ASTM D7563-10(2016)

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of the Ability of Engine Oil to Emulsify Water and Simulated Ed85 Fuel

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 During engine operation, engine oil can become contaminated by water and fuel. In the case of Ed85 fuels, this contamination can result in a non-emulsified aqueous bottom layer in the oil that can affect the lubrication and detergency of the engine oil. To avoid field problems, engine oil should be capable of emulsifying water contamination to the extent that no aqueous layer appears.  
5.2 The test described in this method is designed to evaluate the ability of an engine oil, contaminated with a specified amount of water (volume fraction of 10 % of the original oil sample) and simulated Ed85 fuel (also a volume fraction of 10 % of the original oil sample), to emulsify the water after agitation in a blender and to maintain this emulsion at temperatures of 20 °C to 25 °C and –5 °C to 0 °C for at least 24 h.  
5.3 This test method has potential use in specifications of engine lubricating oils, such as Specification D4485.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a qualitative procedure to measure the ability of a specific volume of engine oil to emulsify a specific added volume of combined water and simulated Ed85 fuel upon agitation in a high-speed blender and to retain this emulsified state for at least 24 h at temperatures of both 20 °C to 25 °C and –5 °C to 0 °C.  
1.2 Information Letters are published periodically by the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) to update this and other test methods under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D02.B0. Copies of these letters can be obtained by writing the Center.2  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2016
• ICS: 75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.B0.07 - Development and Surveillance of Bench Tests Methods

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7563 − 10 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of the Ability of Engine Oil to Emulsify Water and
1
Simulated Ed85 Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7563; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D5798 Specification for Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-
Fuel Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
1.1 This test method describes a qualitative procedure to
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples
measure the ability of a specific volume of engine oil to
of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
emulsify a specific added volume of combined water and
E1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylin-
simulated Ed85 fuel upon agitation in a high-speed blender and
ders
to retain this emulsified state for at least 24 h at temperatures of
both 20 °C to 25 °C and –5 °C to 0 °C.
3. Terminology
1.2 Information Letters are published periodically by the
3.1 Definitions:
ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) to update this and other
3.1.1 denatured fuel ethanol, n—fuel ethanol made unfit for
test methods under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D02.B0.
beverage use by the addition of denaturants. D4806
2
Copies of these letters can be obtained by writing the Center.
3.1.2 fuel ethanol (Ed75-Ed85), n—blend of ethanol and
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
hydrocarbon of which the ethanol portion is nominally 75 to 85
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
volume % denatured fuel ethanol. D5798
standard.
3.1.3 engine oil, n—liquid that reduces friction or wear, or
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
both, between the moving parts within an engine; removes
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
heat, particularly from the underside of pistons; and serves as
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
a combustion gas sealant for piston rings.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.3.1 Discussion—It may contain additives to enhance
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
certain properties. Inhibition of engine rusting, deposit
formation, valve train wear, oil oxidation, and foaming are
2. Referenced Documents
examples. D4175
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
3.2.1 simulated Ed85 fuel, n—laboratory blend made to
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
simulate Ed85 fuel by mixing 85 % denatured fuel ethanol and
Fuels, and Lubricants
15 % unleaded gasoline by volume.
D4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service
Category Engine Oils
3.2.2 test oil, n—any engine oil subjected to evaluation in
D4806 Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blend-
this test method.
ing with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition
Engine Fuel 4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Distilled water, simulated Ed85 fuel, and the test oil are
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
emulsified in a high-speed blender. Portions of the resulting
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
emulsion are stored in two graduated cylinders (or suitably
Subcommittee D02.B0.07 on Development and Surveillance of Bench Tests
dimensioned alternative containers) at temperatures of 20 °C to
Methods.
Current edition approved April 1, 2016. Published May 2016. Originally 25 °C and –5 °C to 0 °C for 24 h. Presence or absence of an
approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D7563 – 10. DOI:
aqueous layer at the bottom of either of the containers after this
10.1520/D7563-10R16.
time interval is observed and reported.
2
Information letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center,
6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. www.standards.astmtmc.cmu.edu.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 5. Significance and Use
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.1 During engine operation, engine oil can become con-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. taminated by water and fuel. In the case of Ed85 fuels, this
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7563 − 10 (2016)
contamination can result in a non-emulsified aqueous bottom 6.4.2 Warm cabinet or oven capable of controlling tempera-
lay
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7563 − 10 D7563 − 10 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of the Ability of Engine Oil to Emulsify Water and
1
Simulated Ed85 Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7563; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes a qualitative procedure to measure the ability of a specific volume of engine oil to emulsify a
specific added volume of combined water and simulated Ed85 fuel upon agitation in a high-speed blender and to retain this
emulsified state for at least 24 h 24 h at temperatures of both 20 °C to 25 °C and -5 °C to 0 °C.20 °C to 25 °C and –5 °C to 0 °C.
1.2 Information Letters are published periodically by the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) to update this and other test
2
methods under the jurisdiction of Subcommittee D02.B0. Copies of these letters can be obtained by writing the Center.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
D4806 Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D5798 Specification for Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
E1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylinders
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 denatured fuel ethanol, n—fuel ethanol made unfit for beverage use by the addition of denaturants. D4806
3.1.2 fuel ethanol (Ed75-Ed85), n—blend of ethanol and hydrocarbon of which the ethanol portion is nominally 75 to 85
volume % denatured fuel ethanol. D5798
3.1.3 engine oil, n—liquid that reduces friction or wear, or both, between the moving parts within an engine; removes heat,
particularly from the underside of pistons; and serves as a combustion gas sealant for piston rings.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.B0.07 on Development and Surveillance of Bench Tests Methods.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2010April 1, 2016. Published March 2010May 2016. Originally approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D7563 – 10.
DOI: 10.1520/D7563-10R16.
2
Information letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. www.standards.astmtmc.cmu.edu.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—
It may contain additives to enhance certain properties. Inhibition of engine rusting, deposit formation, valve train wear, oil
oxidation, and foaming are examples. D4175
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7563 − 10 (2016)
3.2.1 simulated Ed85 fuel, n—laboratory blend made to simulate Ed85 fuel by mixing 85 % 85 % denatured fuel ethanol and
15 % 15 % unleaded gasoline by volume.
3.2.2 test oil, n—any engine oil subjected to evaluation in this test method.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Distilled water, simulated Ed85 fuel, and the test oil are emulsified in a high-speed blender. Portions of the resulting
emulsion are stored in two graduated cylinders (or suitably dimensioned alternative containers) at temperatures of 20 °C to 25 °C
and -520 °C to 25 °C and –5 °C to 0 °C for 24 h. Presence or absence of an aq
...