ASTM D5705-03
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measurement of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Vapor Phase Above Residual Fuel Oils
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Vapor Phase Above Residual Fuel Oils
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Excessive levels of hydrogen sulfide in the vapor phase above residual fuel oils in storage tanks may result in a health hazard, OSHA limits violation, and public complaints about odors. Control measures to maintain safe levels of H2S in the tank atmosphere for those working in the vicinity require a consistent method for the assessment of potentially hazardous levels of H2S in fuel oils (Warning—H2S is a highly toxic substance. Use extreme care in the sampling and handling of samples that are suspected of containing high levels of H2S.).
This test method has been developed to provide refineries, fuel terminals, and independent testing laboratories, which do not have access to analytical instruments such as a gas chromatograph, with a simple and consistent field test method for the rapid determination of H2S in the vapor phase of residual fuel oils.
This test method does not necessarily simulate the vapor phase H2S concentration of a fuel storage tank. It does, however, provide a level of consistency so that the test result is only a function of the residual fuel oil sample and not the test method, operator, or location. No general correlation can be established between this field test and actual vapor phase concentrations of H2S in residual fuel oil storage or transports. However, a facility that produces fuel oil from the same crude source under essentially constant conditions might be able to develop a correlation for its individual case.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the field determination of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the vapor phase (equilibrium headspace) of a residual fuel oil sample.
1.2 The test method is applicable to liquids with a viscosity range of 5.5 mm2/s at 40°C to 50 mm2/s at 100°C. The test method is applicable to fuels conforming to Specification D 396 Grade Nos. 4, 5 (Heavy), and 6.
1.3 The applicable range is from 5 to 4000 parts per million by volume (ppm v/v) (micro mole/mole).
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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An American National Standard
Designation: D 5705 – 03
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Vapor Phase
1
Above Residual Fuel Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5705; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* refining process and lighter distillates blended to a fuel oil
viscosity specification.
1.1 This test method covers the field determination of
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Under the conditions of this test (1:1
hydrogen sulfide (H S) in the vapor phase (equilibrium head-
2
liquid/vapor ratio, temperature, and agitation) the HSinthe
space) of a residual fuel oil sample. 2
vapor phase (sample’s headspace) will be in equilibrium with
1.2 The test method is applicable to liquids with a viscosity
2 2
the H S in the liquid phase.
range of 5.5 mm /s at 40°C to 50 mm /s at 100°C. The test 2
method is applicable to fuels conforming to Specification
4. Summary of Test Method
D 396 Grade Nos. 4, 5 (Heavy), and 6.
4.1 A1-LH S-inert test container (glass test bottle) is filled
2
1.3 The applicable range is from 5 to 4000 parts per million
to 50 volume % with fuel oil from a filled H S-inert container
2
by volume (ppm v/v) (micro mole/mole).
(glass sample bottle) just prior to testing. In the test container,
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
the vapor space above the fuel oil sample is purged with
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
nitrogen to displace air. The test container with sample is
only.
heated in an oven to 60°C, and agitated on an orbital shaker at
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
220 rpm for 3 min.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.2 Alength-of-stain detector tube and hand-operated pump
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
are used to measure the H S concentration in the vapor phase
2
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
of the test container. The length-of-stain detector tube should
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
be close to but not in contact with the liquid surface.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Significance and Use
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Excessive levels of hydrogen sulfide in the vapor phase
D 396 Specification for Fuel Oils
above residual fuel oils in storage tanks may result in a health
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
hazard, OSHA limits violation, and public complaints about
Petroleum Products
odors. Control measures to maintain safe levels of HSinthe
2
3. Terminology tank atmosphere for those working in the vicinity require a
consistent method for the assessment of potentially hazardous
3.1 Definitions:
levels of H S in fuel oils (Warning—H S is a highly toxic
2 2
3.1.1 equilibrium headspace, n—the vapor space above the
substance. Use extreme care in the sampling and handling of
liquid in which all vapor components are in equilibrium with
samples that are suspected of containing high levels of H S.).
2
the liquid components.
5.2 This test method has been developed to provide refin-
3.1.2 residual fuel oil, n—a fuel oil comprising a blend of
eries, fuel terminals, and independent testing laboratories,
viscous long, short, or cracked residue from a petroleum
which do not have access to analytical instruments such as a
gas chromatograph, with a simple and consistent field test
method for the rapid determination of H S in the vapor phase
2
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
of residual fuel oils.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5.3 Thistestmethoddoesnotnecessarilysimulatethevapor
D02.E0 on Burner, Diesel, Non-Aviation Gas Turbine, and Marine Fuels.
phase H S concentration of a fuel storage tank. It does,
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2003. Published December 2003. Originally
2
e1
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 5705–95(2000) .
however, provide a level of consistency so that the test result is
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
only a function of the residual fuel oil sample and not the test
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
method, operator, or location. No general correlation can be
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. established between this field test and actual vapor phase
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
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