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ASTM D2023-89(2003)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method of Analysis for Sodium Toluene Sulfonate in Detergents

Standard Test Method of Analysis for Sodium Toluene Sulfonate in Detergents

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is of use to anyone engaged in compositional analysis of detergent formulations. This would include formulators, and analysts employed by companies that manufacture the components usually included in such formulations.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the analysis for the apparent sodium toluene sulfonate (NaTS) content of detergents.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety Data sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
25-May-1989
ICS
71.100.40 - Surface active agents
Technical Committee
D12 - Soaps and Other Detergents
Drafting Committee
D12.12 - Analysis and Specifications of Soaps, Synthetics, Detergents and their Components
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2023-89(1995)e1 - Standard Test Method of Analysis for Sodium Toluene Sulfonate in Detergents
Effective Date
26-May-1989
Replaced By
ASTM D2023-89(2009) - Standard Test Method of Analysis for Sodium Toluene Sulfonate in Detergents
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009

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ASTM D2023-89(2003) - Standard Test Method of Analysis for Sodium Toluene Sulfonate in DetergentsASTM D2023-89(2003) - Standard Test Method of Analysis for Sodium Toluene Sulfonate in Detergents
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ASTM D2023-89(2003) - Standard Test Method of Analysis for Sodium Toluene Sulfonate in Detergents
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:D2023–89(Reapproved 2003)
Standard Test Method of
Analysis for Sodium Toluene Sulfonate in Detergents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2023; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope be checked by running a complete absorption curve and
comparing with known samples.
1.1 This test method covers the analysis for the apparent
sodium toluene sulfonate (NaTS) content of detergents.
6. Apparatus
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
NOTE 1—Absolute cleanliness of apparatus is essential. Use glass
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
apparatus only. Contact with rubber, cork, or hands will introduce
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
absorbance errors.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6.1 Separatory Funnels, 500-mL capacity, glass-stoppered,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety
pear-shaped.
Data sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review
6.2 Balance, analytical.
them for hazards prior to usage.
6.3 Spectrophotometer (Note 2), with necessary ultraviolet
2. Referenced Documents
accessories for working in the range from 230 to 300 nm.
2.1 ASTM Standards: These include 1.00 and 5.00-cm absorption cells with quartz
windows.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
NOTE 2—Details of the test method as written are based on the use of
3. Summary of Test Method
the Beckman DU or Cary recording spectrophotometers. Equivalent
3.1 This test method is based on the separation of the low
spectrophotometers also may be used, provided suitable modifications can
molecular weight sulfonate from interfering higher molecular
be made in the details of the method.
weight sulfonates and determination by ultraviolet absorption.
7. Reagents
The higher molecular weight sulfonates are extracted as
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
sulfonic acids in a hydrochloric acid solution using ethyl ether
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
as the solvent.
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
4. Significance and Use
tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,
4.1 This test method is of use to anyone engaged in where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
compositional analysis of detergent formulations. This would used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
include formulators, and analysts employed by companies that sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
manufacture the components usually included in such formu- accuracy of the determination.
lations. 7.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water conforming
5. Interferences
to Specification D1193.
5.1 Any low molecular weight substituted benzene sul- 7.3 Ethyl Ether.
fonate or benzene sulfonate (NaBS) itself will interfere and
7.4 Hydrochloric Acid (sp gr 1.19)—Concentrated hydro-
give an apparent toluene sulfonate figure. Since the method is chloric acid (HCl).
standardized using p-toluene sulfonate, o-sulfonate will not be
7.5 Hydrochloric Acid (1+3)—Mix 1 volume of concen-
assayed correctly. When contamination is suspected, it should trated HCl with 3 volumes of water.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D12 on Soaps
and Other Detergents and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D12.12 on Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
Analysis of Soaps and Synthetic Detergents. Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
Current edition approved May 26, 1989. Published July 1989. Originally listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
published as D2023 – 62 T. Last previous edition D2023 – 88. DOI: 10.1520/ Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
D2023-89R03. and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. MD.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D2023–89 (2003)
7.6 p-Toluenesulfonic Acid Sodium Salt (NaTS) —Dry for water. Transfer to a 500-mL glass-stoppered, pear-shaped,
24 h at 105°C and store in a desiccator. Use for preparation of separatory funnel; add 10.0 g of Na SO and 40 mL of HCl.
2 4
standards. Swirl to dissolve and cool to room temperature.
7.7 Sodium Sulfate (Na SO ), anhydrous. 10.2 Extract twice with 100-mL portions of ethyl ether,
2 4
shaking vigorously during each extraction. Caution: see 8.1.
8. Precaution
Combine the ether extracts and wash them with three 25-mL
8.1 This test method includes ethyl ether extraction from an
portions of 1 + 3 HCl to ensure complete removal of sodiu
...

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These test methods cover the sampling and chemical analysis of paste, powder, or liquid detergent fatty alkyl sulfates. The different procedure for sampling and chemical analysis of past, powder, or liquid detergent are presented and discussed in details. Distillation test, titration test, and gravimetric test shall be performed to meet the requirements prescribed. The calculations methods for chlorides as sodium chloride are presented in details.
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These test methods detail the standard procedures for the chemical analysis of soaps containing synthetic detergents. The analytical procedures include the determination of the following chemical properties and substances: moisture and other matter volatile at a specified temperature; free alkali or free acid; anhydrous, salt-free soda soap; alcohol-soluble matter; matter insoluble in water; total alkalinity of matter insoluble in alcohol (alkaline salts); sodium silicate; phosphates; phosphates by colorimetric method using molybdenum blue); unsaponified and unsaponifiable matter; free fatty matter; chlorides in alcohol-soluble matter; rosin by McNicoll method; synthetic detergent by difference; and neutral inorganic salts.
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1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of soaps containing synthetic detergents.  
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Moisture and Other Matter Volatile at 105°C (Oven Method)  
5 and 6  
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7 and 8  
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9 – 12  
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21 – 28  
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29 – 34  
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35 – 39  
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40  
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41 – 43  
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