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ASTM D2023-89(1995)e1

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method of Analysis for Sodium Toluene Sulfonate in Detergents

Standard Test Method of Analysis for Sodium Toluene Sulfonate in Detergents

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the analysis for the apparent sodium toluene sulfonate (NaTS) content of detergents.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety Data sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-1994
Technical Committee
D12 - Soaps and Other Detergents
Drafting Committee
D12.12 - Analysis and Specifications of Soaps, Synthetics, Detergents and their Components
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D2023-89(2003) - Standard Test Method of Analysis for Sodium Toluene Sulfonate in Detergents
Effective Date
26-May-1989

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ASTM D2023-89(1995)e1 - Standard Test Method of Analysis for Sodium Toluene Sulfonate in DetergentsASTM D2023-89(1995)e1 - Standard Test Method of Analysis for Sodium Toluene Sulfonate in Detergents
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ASTM D2023-89(1995)e1 - Standard Test Method of Analysis for Sodium Toluene Sulfonate in Detergents
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
e1
Designation: D 2023 – 89 (Reapproved 1995)
Standard Test Method of
Analysis for Sodium Toluene Sulfonate in Detergents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2023; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Keywords were added editorially in February 1995.
1. Scope be checked by running a complete absorption curve and
comparing with known samples.
1.1 This test method covers the analysis for the apparent
sodium toluene sulfonate (NaTS) content of detergents.
6. Apparatus
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
NOTE 1—Absolute cleanliness of apparatus is essential. Use glass
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
apparatus only. Contact with rubber, cork, or hands will introduce
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
absorbance errors.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6.1 Separatory Funnels, 500-mL capacity, glass-stoppered,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety
pear-shaped.
Data sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review
6.2 Balance, analytical.
them for hazards prior to usage.
6.3 Spectrophotometer (Note 2), with necessary ultraviolet
2. Referenced Documents
accessories for working in the range from 230 to 300 nm.
These include 1.00 and 5.00-cm absorption cells with quartz
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water windows.
NOTE 2—Details of the test method as written are based on the use of
3. Summary of Test Method
the Beckman DU or Cary recording spectrophotometers. Equivalent
3.1 This test method is based on the separation of the low
spectrophotometers also may be used, provided suitable modifications can
molecular weight sulfonate from interfering higher molecular be made in the details of the method.
weight sulfonates and determination by ultraviolet absorption.
7. Reagents
The higher molecular weight sulfonates are extracted as
sulfonic acids in a hydrochloric acid solution using ethyl ether 7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
as the solvent.
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
4. Significance and Use
tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,
4.1 This test method is of use to anyone engaged in where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
compositional analysis of detergent formulations. This would used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
include formulators, and analysts employed by companies that sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
manufacture the components usually included in such formu- accuracy of the determination.
lations. 7.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water conforming
5. Interferences
to Specification D 1193.
5.1 Any low molecular weight substituted benzene sul-
7.3 Ethyl Ether.
fonate or benzene sulfonate (NaBS) itself will interfere and 7.4 Hydrochloric Acid (sp gr 1.19)—Concentrated hydro-
give an apparent toluene sulfonate figure. Since the method is
chloric acid (HCl).
standardized using p-toluene sulfonate, o-sulfonate will not be 7.5 Hydrochloric Acid (1+3)—Mix 1 volume of concen-
assayed correctly. When contamination is suspected, it should
trated HCl with 3 volumes of water.
1 3
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-12 on Soaps Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
and Other Detergents and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D12.12 on Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
Analysis of Soaps and Synthetic Detergents. listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
Current edition approved May 26, 1989. Published July 1989. Originally Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
published as D 2023 – 62 T. Last previous edition D 2023 – 88. and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. MD.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 2023
7.6 p-Toluenesulfonic Acid Sodium Salt (NaTS) —Dry for water. Transfer to a 500-mL glass-stoppered, pear-shaped,
24 h at 105°C and store in a desiccator. Use for preparation of separatory funnel; add 10.0 g of Na SO and 40 mL of HCl.
2 4
standards. Swirl to dissolve and cool to room temperature.
7.7 Sodium Sulfate (Na SO ), anhydrous. 10.2 Extract twice with 100-mL portions of ethyl ether,
2 4
shaking vigorously during each extraction. Caution: see 8.1.
8. Precaution
Combine the ether extracts and wash them with three 25-mL
8.1 This test method includes ethyl ether extraction from an
portions of 1 + 3 HCl to ensure complete removal of sod
...

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5.1 The carbon residue value of burner fuel serves as a rough approximation of the tendency of the fuel to form deposits in vaporizing pot-type and sleeve-type burners. Similarly, provided alkyl nitrates are absent (or if present, provided the test is performed on the base fuel without additive) the carbon residue of diesel fuel correlates approximately with combustion chamber deposits.  
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This specification covers unreinforced vulcanized rubber sheets made from ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM) or butyl (IIR), intended for use in preventing water under hydrostatic pressure from entering a structure. The tests and property limits used to characterize these sheets are specific for each classification and are minimum values to make the product fit for its intended purpose. Types used to identify the principal polymer component of the sheet include: type I - ethylene propylene diene terpolymer, and type II - butyl. The sheet shall be formulated from the appropriate polymers and other compounding ingredients. The thickness, tensile strength, elongation, tensile set, tear resistance, brittleness temperature, and linear dimensional change shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. The water absorption, factory seam strength, water vapour permeance, hardness durometer, resistance to soil burial, resistance to heat aging, and resistance to puncture shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
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5.3 The reporting section requires items that tend to influence edgewise compressive strength to be reported; these include materials, fabrication method, facesheet lay-up orientation (if composite), core orientation, results of any nondestructive inspections, specimen preparation, test equipment details, specimen dimensions and associated measurement accuracy, environmental conditions, speed of testing, failure mode, and failure location.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the compressive properties of structural sandwich construction in a direction parallel to the sandwich facing plane. Permissible core material forms include those with continuous bonding surfaces (such as balsa wood and foams) as well as those with discontinuous bonding surfaces (such as honeycomb).  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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