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ASTM D665-14e1

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water

Standard Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In many instances, such as in the gears of a steam turbine, water can become mixed with the lubricant, and rusting of ferrous parts can occur. This test indicates how well inhibited mineral oils aid in preventing this type of rusting. This test method is also used for testing hydraulic and circulating oils, including heavier-than-water fluids. It is used for specification of new oils and monitoring of in-service oils.
Note 3: This test method was used as a basis for Test Method D3603. Test Method D3603 is used to test the oil on separate horizontal and vertical test rod surfaces, and can provide a more discriminating evaluation.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the ability of inhibited mineral oils, particularly steam-turbine oils, to aid in preventing the rusting of ferrous parts should water become mixed with the oil. This test method is also used for testing other oils, such as hydraulic oils and circulating oils. Provision is made in the procedure for testing heavier-than-water fluids.
Note 1: For synthetic fluids, such as phosphate ester types, the plastic holder and beaker cover should be made of chemically resistant material suitable for the type of fluid tested.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.4 – 7.6.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2014
ICS
75.080 - Petroleum products in general
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.C0.02 - Corrosion and Water/Air Separability
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D665-19 - Standard Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water
Effective Date
01-Dec-2019

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: D665 − 14
Designation: 135/06
Standard Test Method for
Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oil in
1
the Presence of Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D665; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Subsection 7.3 was corrected editorially in February 2015.
1. Scope* A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-
Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the ability of
Vessels and for General Applications
inhibited mineral oils, particularly steam-turbine oils, to aid in
D91 Test Method for Precipitation Number of Lubricating
preventing the rusting of ferrous parts should water become
Oils
mixed with the oil. This test method is also used for testing
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
other oils, such as hydraulic oils and circulating oils. Provision
D2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Vis-
is made in the procedure for testing heavier-than-water fluids.
cosity System
NOTE 1—For synthetic fluids, such as phosphate ester types, the plastic
D3603 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of
holder and beaker cover should be made of chemically resistant material
Steam Turbine Oil in the Presence of Water (Horizontal
suitable for the type of fluid tested.
Disk Method)
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Petroleum Products
standard.
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
2.2 Other Documents:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the Motor Fuels, Section I, Annex A2, Table 32, Reference
3
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Materials and Blending Accessories
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Specifications-IP Standard Thermometers, Vol 2, Appendix
4
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific A
warning statements, see 7.4 – 7.6.
Specifications for IP Standard Reference Liquids, Appendix
4
B
2. Referenced Documents
SAE Standard J405 Chemical Composition of SAEWrought
5
2
Stainless Steels
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4
BS 871 Specification for abrasive papers and cloths
A108 Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-
BS 970 Part 1: Carbon and Carbon Manganese Steels
Finished
4
Including Free Cutting Steels
3. Terminology
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Subcommittee D02.C0.02 on Corrosion and Water/Air Separability.
3.1.1 rust,n—aspecialcaseofcorrosionthatcanbevisually
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published November 2014. Originally
observed on the surface of round steel test rods as reddish-
approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D665 – 12. DOI:
10.1520/D0665-14E01.
brown discoloration or small black spots.
This standard has been developed through the cooperative effort betweenASTM
International and the Energy Institute, London. The EI and ASTM International
3
logos imply that the ASTM International and EI standards are technically See 1996 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.04.
4
equivalent, but does not imply that both standards are editorially identical. AnnualBookofIPStandardMethodsforAnalysisandTestingofPetroleumand
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Related Products, Vol 2. Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM London, WIG 7AR, U.K.
5
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 1995 SAE Handbook, Vol 1. Available from Society of Automotive Engineers
the ASTM website. (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D665 − 14
NOTE 5—An inverted petri dish makes a suitable cover, as the sides of
4. Summary of Test Method
the dish aid in keeping it in position. Fig. 2 shows a PMMA resin cover
4.1 Amixture of 300 mLof the oil under test is stirred with
for the be
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D665 − 14 D665 − 14
Designation: 135/06
Standard Test Method for
Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oil in
1
the Presence of Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D665; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Subsection 7.3 was corrected editorially in February 2015.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the ability of inhibited mineral oils, particularly steam-turbine oils, to aid in
preventing the rusting of ferrous parts should water become mixed with the oil. This test method is also used for testing other oils,
such as hydraulic oils and circulating oils. Provision is made in the procedure for testing heavier-than-water fluids.
NOTE 1—For synthetic fluids, such as phosphate ester types, the plastic holder and beaker cover should be made of chemically resistant material suitable
for the type of fluid tested.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.4 – 7.6.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A108 Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-Finished
A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and
for General Applications
D91 Test Method for Precipitation Number of Lubricating Oils
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Viscosity System
D3603 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Steam Turbine Oil in the Presence of Water (Horizontal Disk Method)
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
2.2 Other Documents:
3
Motor Fuels, Section I, Annex A2, Table 32, Reference Materials and Blending Accessories
4
Specifications-IP Standard Thermometers, Vol 2, Appendix A
4
Specifications for IP Standard Reference Liquids, Appendix B
5
SAE Standard J405 Chemical Composition of SAE Wrought Stainless Steels
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.C0.02 on Corrosion and Water/Air Separability.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published November 2014. Originally approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D665 – 12. DOI:
10.1520/D0665-14.10.1520/D0665-14E01.
This standard has been developed through the cooperative effort between ASTM International and the Energy Institute, London. The EI and ASTM International logos
imply that the ASTM International and EI standards are technically equivalent, but does not imply that both standards are editorially identical.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
See 1996 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.04.
4
Annual Book of IP Standard Methods for Analysis and Testing of Petroleum and Related Products, Vol 2. Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London,
WIG 7AR, U.K.
5
1995 SAE Handbook, Vol 1. Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D665 − 14
4
BS 871 Specification for abrasive papers and cloths
4
BS 970 Part 1: Carbon and Carbon Manganese Steels Including Free Cutting Steels
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 rust, n—a special case of corrosion that can be visually observed on the surf
...

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Standard Practice for Calculating Viscosity of a Blend of Petroleum Products

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5.2 The inverse problem, predicating the required blend fractions of components to meet a specified viscosity at a given temperature may also be solved using either the Inverse Wright Blending Method or the Inverse ASTM Blending Method.  
5.3 The Wright Blending Methods are generally preferred since they have a firmer basis in theory, and are more accurate. The Wright Blending Methods require component viscosities to be known at two temperatures. The ASTM Blending Methods are mathematically simpler and may be used when viscosities are known at a single temperature.  
5.4 Although this practice was developed using kinematic viscosity and volume fraction of each component, the dynamic viscosity or mass fraction, or both, may be used instead with minimal error if the densities of the components do not differ greatly. For fuel blends, it was found that viscosity blending using mass fractions gave more accurate results. For base stock blends, there was no significant difference between mass fraction and volume fraction calculations.  
5.5 The calculations described in this practice have been computerized as a spreadsheet and are available as an adjunct.3
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for calculating the estimated kinematic viscosity of a blend of two or more petroleum products, such as lubricating oil base stocks, fuel components, residual fuel oil with kerosene, crude oils, and related products, from their kinematic viscosities and blend fractions.  
1.2 This practice allows for the estimation of the fraction of each of two petroleum products needed to prepare a blend meeting a specific viscosity.  
1.3 This practice may not be applicable to other types of products, or to materials which exhibit strong non-Newtonian properties, such as viscosity index improvers, additive packages, and products containing particulates.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 Logarithms may be either common logarithms or natural logarithms, as long as the same are used consistently. This practice uses common logarithms. If natural logarithms are used, the inverse function, exp(×), must be used in place of the base 10 exponential function, 10×, used herein.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4952-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Qualitative Analysis for Active Sulfur Species in Fuels and Solvents (Doctor Test)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sulfur present as mercaptans or as hydrogen sulfide in distillate fuels and solvents can attack many metallic and non-metallic materials in fuel and other distribution systems. A negative result in the doctor test ensures that the concentration of these compounds is insufficient to cause such problems in normal use.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and is intended primarily for the detection of mercaptans in motor fuel, kerosine, and similar petroleum products. This method may also provide information on hydrogen sulfide and elemental sulfur that may be present in these sample types.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  For specific warning statements, see 7.3.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D2887-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The boiling range distribution of petroleum fractions provides an insight into the composition of feedstocks and products related to petroleum refining processes. The gas chromatographic simulation of this determination can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for control of refining operations. This test method can be used for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
5.2 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method are essentially equivalent to those obtained by true boiling point (TBP) distillation (see Test Method D2892). They are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillations such as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160.  
5.3 Procedure B was tested with biodiesel mixtures and reports the Boiling Point Distribution of FAME esters of vegetable and animal origin mixed with ultra low sulfur diesel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products. The test method is applicable to petroleum products and fractions having a final boiling point of 538 °C (1000 °F) or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. This test method is limited to samples having a boiling range greater than 55.5 °C (100 °F), and having a vapor pressure sufficiently low to permit sampling at ambient temperature.
Note 1: Since a boiling range is the difference between two temperatures, only the constant of 1.8 °F/°C is used in the conversion of the temperature range from one system of units to another.  
1.1.1 Procedure A (Sections 6 – 14)—Allows a larger selection of columns and analysis conditions such as packed and capillary columns as well as a Thermal Conductivity Detector in addition to the Flame Ionization Detector. Analysis times range from 14 min to 60 min.  
1.1.2 Procedure B (Sections 15 – 23)—Is restricted to only 3 capillary columns and requires no sample dilution. In addition, Procedure B is used not only for the sample types described in Procedure A but also for the analysis of samples containing biodiesel mixtures B5, B10, and B20. The analysis time, when using Procedure B (Accelerated D2887), is reduced to about 8 min.  
1.2 This test method is not to be used for the analysis of gasoline samples or gasoline components. These types of samples must be analyzed by Test Method D7096.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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