ASTM D242-04
(Specification)Standard Specification for Mineral Filler For Bituminous Paving Mixtures
Standard Specification for Mineral Filler For Bituminous Paving Mixtures
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers mineral filler added as a separate ingredient for use in bituminous paving mixtures.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Inch-pound units, shown in parentheses, are for information only.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D 242 – 04
Standard Specification for
1
Mineral Filler For Bituminous Paving Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 242; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. General Description
1.1 This specification covers mineral filler added as a 3.1 Mineral filler shall consist of finely divided mineral
separate ingredient for use in bituminous paving mixtures. matter such as rock dust, slag dust, hydrated lime, hydraulic
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the cement, fly ash, loess, or other suitable mineral matter. At the
standard. Inch-pound units, shown in parentheses, are for time of use, it shall be sufficiently dry to flow freely and
information only. essentially free from agglomerations.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
4. Physical Requirements
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
4.1 Mineral filler shall be graded within the following
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
as requirements of the standard. limits:
Sieve Percent Passing (by Mass)
2. Referenced Documents
1.18 mm (No. 16) 100
600-µm (No. 30) 97 to 100
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
300-µm (No. 50) 95 to 100
C50 Practice for Sampling, Preparation, Packaging, and 75-µm (No. 200) 70 to 100
Marking of Lime and Limestone Products
4.2 Mineral Filler prepared from rock dust, slag dust, loess,
C 183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of
and similar materials shall be essentially free from organic
Hydraulic Cement
impurities and have a plasticity index not greater than 4.
C311 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or
NOTE 1—Plasticity index limits are not appropriate for hydrated lime
Natural Pozzolans for Use as a Mineral Admixture in
and hydraulic cement.
Portland Cement Concrete
D 546 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Mineral Filler for
5. Methods of Sampling and Testing
Bituminous Paving Materials
5.1 Sample the mineral filler according to Practice C50,
D 4318 Test Method for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and
C 183, or Test MethodsC311, w
...
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1.1 This specification covers mineral filler added as a separate ingredient for use in asphalt mixtures.
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Note 2: ISO 3104 corresponds to Test Method D445 – 03.
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SCOPE
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The bromine number is useful as a measure of aliphatic unsaturation in petroleum samples. When used in conjunction with the calculation procedure described in Annex A2, it can be used to estimate the percentage of olefins in petroleum distillates boiling up to approximately 315 °C (600 °F).
5.2 The bromine number of commercial aliphatic monoolefins provides supporting evidence of their purity and identity.
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1.1 This test method3 covers the determination of the bromine number of the following materials:
1.1.1 Petroleum distillates that are substantially free of material lighter than isobutane and that have 90 % distillation points (by Test Method D86) under 327 °C (626 °F). This test method is generally applicable to gasoline (including leaded, unleaded, and oxygenated fuels), kerosine, and distillates in the gas oil range that fall in the following limits:
90 % Distillation Point, °C (°F)
Bromine Number, max3
Under 205 (400)
175
205 to 327 (400 to 626)
10
1.1.2 Commercial olefins that are essentially mixtures of aliphatic mono-olefins and that fall within the range of 95 to 165 bromine number (see Note 1). This test method has been found suitable for such materials as commercial propylene trimer and tetramer, butene dimer, and mixed nonenes, octenes, and heptenes. This test method is not satisfactory for normal alpha-olefins.
Note 1: These limits are imposed since the precision of this test method has been determined only up to or within the range of these bromine numbers.
1.2 The magnitude of the bromine number is an indication of the quantity of bromine-reactive constituents, not an identification of constituents; therefore, its application as a measure of olefinic unsaturation should not be undertaken without the study given in Annex A1.
1.3 For petroleum hydrocarbon mixtures of bromine number less than 1.0, a more precise measure for bromine-reactive constituents can be obtained by using Test Method D2710. If the bromine number is less than 0.5, then Test Method D2710 or the comparable bromine index methods for industrial aromatic hydrocarbons, Test Methods D1492 or D5776 must be used in accordance with their respective scopes. The practice of using a factor of 1000 to convert bromine number to bromine index is not applicable for these lower values of bromine number.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 7, 8, and 9.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Predicting the viscosity of a blend of components is a common problem. Both the Wright Blending Method and the ASTM Blending Method, described in this practice, may be used to solve this problem.
5.2 The inverse problem, predicating the required blend fractions of components to meet a specified viscosity at a given temperature may also be solved using either the Inverse Wright Blending Method or the Inverse ASTM Blending Method.
5.3 The Wright Blending Methods are generally preferred since they have a firmer basis in theory, and are more accurate. The Wright Blending Methods require component viscosities to be known at two temperatures. The ASTM Blending Methods are mathematically simpler and may be used when viscosities are known at a single temperature.
5.4 Although this practice was developed using kinematic viscosity and volume fraction of each component, the dynamic viscosity or mass fraction, or both, may be used instead with minimal error if the densities of the components do not differ greatly. For fuel blends, it was found that viscosity blending using mass fractions gave more accurate results. For base stock blends, there was no significant difference between mass fraction and volume fraction calculations.
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for calculating the estimated kinematic viscosity of a blend of two or more petroleum products, such as lubricating oil base stocks, fuel components, residual fuel oil with kerosene, crude oils, and related products, from their kinematic viscosities and blend fractions.
1.2 This practice allows for the estimation of the fraction of each of two petroleum products needed to prepare a blend meeting a specific viscosity.
1.3 This practice may not be applicable to other types of products, or to materials which exhibit strong non-Newtonian properties, such as viscosity index improvers, additive packages, and products containing particulates.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 Logarithms may be either common logarithms or natural logarithms, as long as the same are used consistently. This practice uses common logarithms. If natural logarithms are used, the inverse function, exp(×), must be used in place of the base 10 exponential function, 10×, used herein.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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