ASTM D2983-01

Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lubricants Measured by Brookfield Viscometer

SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the use of the Brookfield viscometer and a low-temperature bath for the determination of the low-shear-rate viscosity of lubricants. The test may operate in the viscosity range of 500 to 1 000 000 mPa·s (cP). The bath-controlled temperature is selected within the range of +5° to -40°C.
1.2 The test method uses the SI unit, milliPascal-second (mPa·s), as the unit of viscosity. (1 cP = 1 mPa·s).
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Aug-2001
• ICS: 75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.07 - Flow Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

Designation: D 2983 – 01 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lubricants Measured by
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Brookfield Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2983; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method describes the use of the Brookfield 4.1 A lubricant fluid sample is preheated, allowed to stabi-
viscometer and a low-temperature bath for the determination of lize at room temperature, and then poured into a glass cell with
the low-shear-rate viscosity of lubricants. The test may operate a special spindle. The glass cell is then placed into a pre-cooled
in the viscosity range of 500 to 1 000 000 mPa·s (cP). The cold cabinet set at a predetermined test temperature between +5
bath-controlled temperature is selected within the range of +5° to –40°C for 16 h. Then a viscometer is utilized that rotates the
to –40°C. specified spindle within the sample at the speed giving a
1.2 The test method uses the SI unit, milliPascal-second maximum torque reading on the viscometer. The resulting
(mPa·s), as the unit of viscosity. (1 cP = 1 mPa·s). torque reading is used to calculate the viscosity of the oil.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.1 The low-temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of gear
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- oils, automatic transmission fluids, torque and tractor fluids,
and industrial and automotive hydraulic oils, Annex A4, are of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
considerable importance to the proper operation of many
2. Referenced Documents
mechanical devices. Measurement of the viscometric proper-
2.1 ASTM Standards: ties of these oils and fluids are often used to specify their
D 341 Standard Viscosity-Temperature Charts for Liquid acceptability. This test method is used in a number of specifi-
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Petroleum Products cations.
2.2 European Procedure: 5.2 This test method describes how to measure apparent
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CEC L18-A-80 viscosity directly without the errors associated with either
interpolation or extrapolation of experimental data.
3. Terminology
NOTE 1—Viscosity values obtained by either interpolation or extrapo-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
lation are subject to errors caused by gelation or non-Newtonian response
3.1.1 apparent viscosity—the dynamic viscosity determined
to rotor speed, or both. Only in the case of known Newtonian oils is
by this test method. Apparent viscosity may vary with the
interpolation acceptable for the purpose of calibrating the rotor and glass
cell. If such viscosity versus temperature plots are required, they can be
spindle speed (shear rate) of the Brookfield viscometer if the
made by the procedure outlined in Annex A1.
lubricant is non-Newtonian at low temperatures. See Appendix
X1 for a brief explanation.
6. Apparatus
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3.1.2 reference viscosity —the viscosity of a Newtonian
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6.1 Brookfield Viscometer —Analog Model LVT or more
standard reference fluid specified at each of several user-
recent digital models (for example, LVDV-II+) are required.
specified temperatures. Reference viscosities of typical stan-
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6.2 Viscometer Spindle —Uninsulated viscometer No. 4
dard reference fluids are listed in Appendix X2.
spindle or insulated No. 4B2 spindle may be used. Periodically
inspect for wobble, and for No. 4B2 spindles, ensure firm
adhesion of the lower part of the spindle. A number of spindles
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on are needed for multiple determinations. See Fig. 1 for diagram.
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Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
6.3 Spindle Clip —A thin clip that supports the spindle at
D02.07 on Flow Properties.
proper immersion depth during cool-down.
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2001. Published October 2001. Originally
published as D 2983 – 71 T. Last previous edition D 2983 – 87 (1993).
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
The Brookfield viscometer and accessories are available from the Brookfield
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Available from CEC, Mandou Plaza-25th Floor, B-1210 Brussells, Belgium.
Engineering Laboratories, Inc., Stoughton, MA 02072.
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Standard Newtonian Brookfield viscosity reference fluids are available from
These items are available from Lawler Manufacturing, Inc., 7 Kilmer Ct.,
Cannon Instrument Co., Post Office Box 16, State College, PA 16801.
Eddison, NJ 08817.
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