ASTM D5568-14

Standard Test Method for Measuring Relative Complex Permittivity and Relative Magnetic Permeability of Solid Materials at Microwave Frequencies Using Waveguide

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Design calculations for radio frequency (RF), microwave, and millimetre-wave components require the knowledge of values of complex permittivity and permeability at operating frequencies. This test method is useful for evaluating small experimental batch or continuous production materials used in electromagnetic applications. Use this method to determine complex permittivity only (in non-magnetic materials), or both complex permittivity and permeability simultaneously.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining relative complex permittivity (relative dielectric constant and loss) and relative magnetic permeability of isotropic, reciprocal (non-gyromagnetic) solid materials. If the material is nonmagnetic, it is acceptable to use this procedure to measure permittivity only.  
1.2 This measurement method is valid over a frequency range of approximately 100 MHz to over 40 GHz. These limits are not exact and depend on the size of the specimen, the size of rectangular waveguide transmission line used as a specimen holder, and on the applicable frequency range of the network analyzer used to make measurements. The size of specimen dimension is limited by test frequency, intrinsic specimen electromagnetism properties, and the request of algorithm. Being a non-resonant method, the selection of any number of discrete measurement frequencies in a measurement band would be suitable. Use of multiple rectangular waveguide transmission line sizes are required to cover this entire frequency range (100 MHz to 40 GHz). This test method can also be generally applied to circular waveguide test fixtures. The rectangular waveguide fixture is preferred over coaxial fixtures when samples have in-plane anisotropy or are difficult to manufacture precisely.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are in inch-pound units and are included for information only. The equations shown here assume an e+jωt harmonic time convention.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2014
• ICS: 17.220.01 - Electricity. Magnetism. General aspects
• Technical Committee: D09 - Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials
• Drafting Committee: D09.12 - Electrical Tests

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5568 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Relative Complex Permittivity and Relative
Magnetic Permeability of Solid Materials at Microwave
1
Frequencies Using Waveguide
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5568; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining
2.1 ASTM Standards:
relative complex permittivity (relative dielectric constant and
D1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
loss)andrelativemagneticpermeabilityofisotropic,reciprocal
(non-gyromagnetic) solid materials. If the material is
3. Terminology
nonmagnetic, it is acceptable to use this procedure to measure
3.1 For other definitions used in this test method, refer to
permittivity only.
Terminology D1711.
1.2 This measurement method is valid over a frequency
3.2 Definitions:
range of approximately 100 MHz to over 40 GHz.These limits
3.2.1 relative complex permittivity (relative complex dielec-
are not exact and depend on the size of the specimen, the size
*
tric constant),ε ,n—the proportionality factor that relates the
r
of rectangular waveguide transmission line used as a specimen
electric field to the electric flux density, and which depends on
holder, and on the applicable frequency range of the network
intrinsic material properties such as molecular polarizability,
analyzer used to make measurements. The size of specimen
charge mobility, and so forth:
dimension is limited by test frequency, intrinsic specimen
W
electromagnetism properties, and the request of algorithm.
D
* ' ''
ε 5ε 2 jε 5 (1)
Being a non-resonant method, the selection of any number of r r r
W
ε E
0
discrete measurement frequencies in a measurement band
would be suitable. Use of multiple rectangular waveguide where:
transmission line sizes are required to cover this entire fre-
ε = the permittivity of free space,
0
quency range (100 MHz to 40 GHz). This test method can also
→
D = the electric flux density vector, and
be generally applied to circular waveguide test fixtures. The
→
rectangular waveguide fixture is preferred over coaxial fixtures E = the electric field vector.
when samples have in-plane anisotropy or are difficult to
3.2.1.1 Discussion—In common usage the word “relative”
manufacture precisely.
is frequently dropped. The real part of complex relative
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the '
permittivity (ε ) is often referred to as simply relative
r
standard. The values given in parentheses are in inch-pound
permittivity, permittivity, or dielectric constant. The imaginary
units and are included for information only. The equations ''
part of complex relative permittivity (ε ) is often referred to as
r
+jωt
shown here assume an e harmonic time convention.
the loss factor. In anisotropic media, permittivity is described
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
by a three dimensional tensor.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.1.2 Discussion—For the purposes of this test method,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the media is considered to be isotropic and, therefore, permit-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
tivity is a single complex number at each frequency.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
*
3.2.2 relative complex permeability, µ ,n—the proportion-
r
ality factor that relates the magnetic flux density to the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D09.12 on Electrical Tests. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2014. Published November 2014. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D5568 – 08. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D5568-14. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5568 − 14
magnetic field, and which depends on intrinsic material prop- strength (or voltage) of a reflected or transmitted wave divided
erties such as magnetic moment, domain magnetization, and so by that of an incident wave. The subscripts i and j of a t
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5568 − 08 D5568 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Relative Complex Permittivity and Relative
Magnetic Permeability of Solid Materials at Microwave
1
Frequencies Using Waveguide
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5568; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining relative complex permittivity (relative dielectric constant and loss) and
relative magnetic permeability of isotropic, reciprocal (non-gyromagnetic) solid materials. If the material is nonmagnetic, it is
acceptable to use this procedure to measure permittivity only.
1.2 This measurement method is valid over a frequency range of approximately 100 MHz to over 2040 GHz. These limits are
not exact and depend on the size of the specimen, the size of rectangular waveguide transmission line used as a specimen holder,
and on the applicable frequency range of the network analyzer used to make measurements. The practical lower and upper
frequencies are limited by specimen dimension requirements (large specimens at low frequencies and small specimens at high
frequencies). size of specimen dimension is limited by test frequency, intrinsic specimen electromagnetism properties, and the
request of algorithm. Being a non-resonant method, the selection of any number of discrete measurement frequencies in a
measurement band would be suitable. Use of multiple rectangular waveguide transmission line sizes are required to cover this
entire frequency range (100 MHz to 2040 GHz). This test method can also be generally applied to circular waveguide test fixtures.
The rectangular waveguide fixture is preferred over coaxial fixtures when samples have in-plane anisotropy or are difficult to
manufacture precisely.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are in English units.
+jωt
inch-pound units and are included for information only. The equations shown here assume an e harmonic time convention.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
3. Terminology
3.1 For other definitions used in this test method, refer to Terminology D1711.
3.2 Definitions:
*
3.2.1 relative complex permittivity (relative complex dielectric constant), ε , n—the proportionality factor that relates the
r
electric field to the electric flux density, and which depends on intrinsic material properties such as molecular polarizability, charge
mobility, etc.:and so forth:
W
D
* ' ''
5 ε 2 jε 5
ε (1)
r r r
W
ε E
0
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D09.12 on Electrical Tests.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2008Nov. 1, 2014. Published January 2009November 2014. Originally approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 20012008
as D5568 – 01.D5568 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/D5568-08.10.1520/D5568-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5568 − 14
where:
ε = the permittivity of free space,
0
→
D = the electric flux density vector, and
→
E = the electric field vector.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—
'
In common usage the word “relative” is frequently dropped. The real part of complex relative permittivity (ε ) is often referred
r
''
to as simply relative permittivity, permittivity, or dielectric constant. The imaginary part of complex relative permittivity (ε ) is
r
often referred to as the loss factor. In anisotropic media, permittivity is described by a three dimensional tensor.
...