ASTM C675-91(2016)

Standard Test Method for Alkali Resistance of Ceramic Decorations on Returnable Beverage Glass Containers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method provides a means for determining the durability of decorated returnable glass beverage containers which may be a prerequisite in product specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the alkali resistance of ceramic labels (hereafter referred to as ACL (Applied Color Label) on returnable beverage bottles (hereafter referred to as ware) to ensure the necessary durability of the label. A number of states require the cleaning and sanitizing of this ware by washing in hot alkali solutions. Accelerated tests are needed to ensure that the ACL will withstand the anticipated number of washings and still present an acceptable ware identification and appearance.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2016
• ICS: 97.040.60 - Cookware, cutlery and flatware
• Technical Committee: C14 - Glass and Glass Products
• Drafting Committee: C14.10 - Glass Decoration

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C675 − 91 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Alkali Resistance of Ceramic Decorations on Returnable
Beverage Glass Containers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C675; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Interferences
1.1 This test method covers determination of the alkali 4.1 Prepare fresh alkali solution for each set of ware and do
resistance of ceramic labels (hereafter referred to as ACL not use the solution more than 24 h because of carbon dioxide
(AppliedColorLabel)onreturnablebeveragebottles(hereafter (CO )absorptionandtheinhibitingactionofboroncompounds
referred to as ware) to ensure the necessary durability of the dissolved from the ACL.
label.Anumber of states require the cleaning and sanitizing of
4.2 Do not use borosilicate glass containers for test solu-
this ware by washing in hot alkali solutions. Accelerated tests
tions.
are needed to ensure that the ACL will withstand the antici-
pated number of washings and still present an acceptable ware
5. Apparatus
identification and appearance.
5.1 Tank, steel or stainless steel, equipped with a thermo-
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
statically controlled means of heating, and a solution level
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
control, to prevent variations in solution concentration and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
temperature. The tank should be equipped with a coarsescreen
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
mesh shelf on which ware being tested is placed to avoid
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
sludge build-up around the ware.
2. Summary of Method
5.2 Bottle Saw or Hot Wire Cutter—Either a hot wire or an
abrasive wheel saw can be used to cut ware. If an abrasive
2.1 The time required for destruction ofACLon exposure to
alkalisolutionsisroughlyproportionaltothelabelthickness.A wheel is used, the abrasive and glass sludge should be rinsed
off the ware to avoid excessive depletion of the alkali solution.
thin coating of good alkali-resistant enamel will fail in a
relatively short time, while an extremely heavy coating of a
6. Reagents
poor alkali-resistant enamel will look reasonably good. A
qualitative procedure is described. Any plant or laboratory
6.1 Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests.
using this procedure should establish its own standards.
Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents shall
2.1.1 This test method is a qualitative method and deter-
conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical
mines the time required for 90 % destruction of any ACL
Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where such
exposed to an alkali solution by visual inspection. This test
specifications are available. Other grades may be used, pro-
method requires a minimum of skill and experience by the
vided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently
operator.
high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of
the determination.
3. Significance and Use
6.2 Alkali Solution—Prepare the alkali solution by mixing
3.1 This test method provides a means for determining the
the following reagents:
durability of decorated returnable glass beverage containers
which may be a prerequisite in product specifications.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on Glass Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications , American
and Glass Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.10 on Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
Glass Decoration. listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published October 2016. Originally Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C675 − 91 (Reapproved 2011) C675 − 91 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Alkali Resistance of Ceramic Decorations on Returnable
Beverage Glass Containers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C675; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers determination of the alkali resistance of ceramic labels (hereafter referred to as ACL (Applied Color
Label))Label) on returnable beverage bottles (hereafter referred to as ware) to ensure the necessary durability of the label. A
number of states require the cleaning and sanitizing of this ware by washing in hot alkali solutions. Accelerated tests are needed
to ensure that the ACL will withstand the anticipated number of washings and still present an acceptable ware identification and
appearance.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Summary of Method
2.1 The time required for destruction of ACL on exposure to alkali solutions is roughly proportional to the label thickness. A
thin coating of good alkali-resistant enamel will fail in a relatively short time, while an extremely heavy coating of a poor
alkali-resistant enamel will look reasonably good. A qualitative procedure is described. Any plant or laboratory using this
procedure should establish its own standards.
2.1.1 This test method is a qualitative method and determines the time required for 90 % destruction of any ACL exposed to
an alkali solution by visual inspection. This test method requires a minimum of skill and experience by the operator.
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method provides a means for determining the durability of decorated returnable glass beverage containers which
may be a prerequisite in product specifications.
4. Interferences
4.1 Prepare fresh alkali solution for each set of ware and do not use the solution more than 24 h because of carbon dioxide (CO )
absorption and the inhibiting action of boron compounds dissolved from the ACL.
4.2 Do not use borosilicate glass containers for test solutions.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Tank, steel or stainless steel, equipped with a thermostatically controlled means of heating, and a solution level control, to
prevent variations in solution concentration and temperature. The tank should be equipped with a coarsescreen mesh shelf on which
ware being tested is placed to avoid sludge build-up around the ware.
5.2 Bottle Saw or Hot Wire Cutter—Either a hot wire or an abrasive wheel saw can be used to cut ware. If an abrasive wheel
is used, the abrasive and glass sludge should be rinsed off the ware to avoid excessive depletion of the alkali solution.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on Glass and Glass Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.10 on Glass
Decoration.
Current edition approved April 1, 2011Oct. 1, 2016. Published April 2011October 2016. Originally approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 20062011 as
C675 – 91 (2011).(2006). DOI: 10.1520/C0675-91R11.10.1520/C0675-91R16.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C675 − 91 (2016)
6. Reagents
6.1 Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents shall conform
to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where such specifications are
available. Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity to permit it
...