ASTM D909-00e1

Standard Test Method for Knock Characteristics of Aviation Gasolines by the Supercharge Method

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the knock-limited power, under supercharge rich-mixture conditions, of fuels for use in spark-ignition reciprocating aircraft engines, in terms of ASTM supercharge octane or performance number. By operational considerations, this test method is restricted to testing fuels of 85 ASTM supercharge octane number and over.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Annex 7.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-2001
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.01 - Combustion Characteristics

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D909-00 - Standard Test Method for Knock Characteristics of Aviation Gasolines by the Supercharge Method
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Replaced By: ASTM D909-01 - Standard Test Method for Knock Characteristics of Aviation Gasoline's by the Supercharge Method
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7547-23 - Standard Specification for Hydrocarbon Unleaded Aviation Gasoline
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7719-21a - Standard Specification for High Aromatic Content Unleaded Hydrocarbon Aviation Gasoline Test Fuel
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D910-21 - Standard Specification for Leaded Aviation Gasolines
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7960-21 - Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Test Fuel Containing Non-hydrocarbon Components
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D8434-21 - Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Test Fuel Containing Organo-metallic Additive
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7826-23a - Standard Guide for Evaluation of New Aviation Gasolines and New Aviation Gasoline Additives
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6227-18(2023) - Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Containing a Non-hydrocarbon Component
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
e1
Designation: D 909 – 00
Method 6012.6—Federal Test
Method Standard No. 791b
Designation: 119/96
Standard Test Method for
Knock Characteristics of Aviation Gasolines by the
1
Supercharge Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 909; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
e NOTE—Paragraphs A1.1.2, A2.10, and Footnote 5 were corrected editorially in October 2001.
6
1. Scope Absorption Spectrometry
D 3341 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by the Iodine
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the knock-
6
Monochloride Method
limited power, under supercharge rich-mixture conditions, of
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
fuels for use in spark-ignition reciprocating aircraft engines, in
6
Petroleum Products
terms of ASTM supercharge octane or performance number.
7
E 1 Specifications for ASTM Thermometers
By operational considerations, this test method is restricted to
testing fuels of 85 ASTM supercharge octane number and over.
3. Terminology
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1 Definitions:
as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information
3.1.1 ASTM supercharge octane number of a fuel below
only.
100—the whole number nearest the percentage by volume of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
isooctane (equals 100) in a blend with n-heptane (equals 0) that
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
matches the knock characteristics of the fuel when compared
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
by this test method.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.2 ASTM supercharge rating of a fuel above 100—the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
amount of tetraethyllead (TEL) in isooctane, expressed in
tionary statements are given in Annex A7.
millilitres per U.S. gallon.
2. Referenced Documents 3.2 ASTM supercharge ratings are normally expressed as
octane numbers below 100 and as performance numbers above
2.1 ASTM Standards:
100. At 100, a rating may be expressed either as 100 octane
D 1368 Test Method for Trace Concentrations of Lead in
2
number or as 100 performance number. Sometimes it is
Primary Reference Fuels
3
desirable to convert the ASTM supercharge octane number to
D 2268 Test Method for Analysis of High Purity
performance number. This can be done by using Table 1. Table
D 2599 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by X-Ray Spec-
4
2 lists the corresponding performance numbers for various
trometry
concentrations of tetraethyllead in isooctane.
D 2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of
5
Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
4. Summary of Test Method
D 2700 Test Method for Knock Characteristics of Motor
5 4.1 ASTM supercharge octane or performance number of a
and Aviation Fuels by the Motor Method
fuel is determined by comparing its knock-limited power with
D 3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic
those for bracketing blends of reference fuels under standard
operating conditions. This is done at constant compression
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
ratio by varying the manifold pressure and fuel flow rate, the
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
independent variables of the test, and measuring indicated
D02.01 on Combustion Characteristics.
Current edition approved April 10, 2000. Published June 2000. Originally mean effective pressure (imep) at enough points to define the
published as D 909 – 58. Last previous edition D 909 – 95.
mixture response curves for the sample and the reference fuels.
2
Discontinued, see 1994 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
3 When the knock-limited power for the sample is bracketed
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
4
Discontinued, Replaced by Test Method D 5059, see 1992 Annual Book of
ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
5
6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.05.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
7
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
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D 909
TABLE 1 ASTM Conversion of Octane Numbers to Performance Numbers
Octane Octane
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
Number Number
Performance Number
70 48.3 48.4 48.4 48.5 48.6 48.7 48.8 48.9 49.0 49.0 70
71 49.1 49.2 49.3 49.4 49.5 49.6 49.6 49.7 49.8 49.9 71
72 50.0 50.1 50.2 50.3 50.4 50.5 50.5 50.6 50.7 50.8 72
7
...