ASTM E800-05
(Guide)Standard Guide for Measurement of Gases Present or Generated During Fires
Standard Guide for Measurement of Gases Present or Generated During Fires
SCOPE
1.1 Analytical methods for the measurement of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, carbonyl sulfide, hydrogen halides, hydrogen cyanide, aldehydes, and hydrocarbons are described, along with sampling considerations. Many of these gases may be present in any fire environment. Several analytical techniques are described for each gaseous species, together with advantages and disadvantages of each. The test environment, sampling constraints, analytical range, and accuracy often dictate use of one analytical method over another.
1.2 These techniques have been used to measure gases under fire test conditions (laboratory, small scale, or full scale). With proper sampling considerations, any of these methods could be used for measurement in most fire environments.
1.3 This document is intended to be a guide for investigators and for subcommittee use in developing standard test methods. A single analytical technique has not been recommended for any chemical species unless that technique is the only one available.
1.4 The techniques described herein determine the concentration of a specific gas in the total sample taken. These techniques do not determine the total amount of fire gases that would be generated by a specimen during conduct of a fire test.
1.5 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assembles to heat and flame under controlled conditions but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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An American National Standard
Designation:E800–05
Standard Guide for
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Measurement of Gases Present or Generated During Fires
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 800; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 Analytical methods for the measurement of carbon 2.1 ASTM Standards:
monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen oxides, sulfur D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
oxides, carbonyl sulfide, hydrogen halides, hydrogen cyanide, D 1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
aldehydes, and hydrocarbons are described, along with sam- Atmospheres
pling considerations. Many of these gases may be present in D 3162 Test Method for Carbon Monoxide in the Atmo-
any fire environment. Several analytical techniques are de- sphere (Continuous Measurement by Nondispersive Infra-
scribed for each gaseous species, together with advantages and red Spectrometry)
disadvantages of each. The test environment, sampling con- E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
straints, analytical range, and accuracy often dictate use of one Building Materials
analytical method over another. E 176 Terminology of Fire Standards
1.2 These techniques have been used to measure gases E 535 Practice for Preparation of Fire-Test-Response Stan-
under fire test conditions (laboratory, small scale, or full scale). dards
With proper sampling considerations, any of these methods E 603 Guide for Room Fire Experiments
could be used for measurement in most fire environments. E 662 Test Method for Specific Optical Density of Smoke
1.3 Thisdocumentisintendedtobeaguideforinvestigators Generated by Solid Materials
and for subcommittee use in developing standard test methods.
3. Terminology
A single analytical technique has not been recommended for
3.1 Definitions—Definitions used in this guide are in accor-
any chemical species unless that technique is the only one
dance with Terminology D 123, Terminology D 1356, Termi-
available.
1.4 The techniques described herein determine the concen- nology E 176, and Practice E 535 unless otherwise indicated.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
tration of a specific gas in the total sample taken. These
techniques do not determine the total amount of fire gases that 3.2.1 batch sampling—sampling over some time period in
such a way as to produce a single test sample for analysis.
wouldbegeneratedbyaspecimenduringconductofafiretest.
1.5 This standard is used to measure and describe the 3.2.2 combustion products, n—airborne effluent from a
material undergoing combustion; this may also include pyroly-
response of materials, products, or assembles to heat and flame
under controlled conditions but does not by itself incorporate sates.
3.2.2.1 Discussion—combustion products without mass,
all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the
materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. such as heat or other radiation, are not addressed in this guide.
3.2.3 fire test, n—a procedure, not necessarily a standard
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the test method, in which the response of materials to heat or
flame, or both, under controlled conditions is measured or
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- otherwise described.
3.2.4 sample integrity—the unimpaired chemical composi-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tion of a test sample upon the extraction of said test sample for
analysis.
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ThisguideisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE05onFireStandards
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and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.21 on Smoke and Combustion For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Products. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved July 1, 2005. Published August 2005. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as E 800 – 01. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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E800–05
3.2.5 sampling—a process whereby a test sample is ex- provide. The necessary detection limits, acceptable errors, and
tracted from a fire test en
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