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ASTM D4424-90(1995)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Butylene Analysis by Gas Chromatography

Standard Test Method for Butylene Analysis by Gas Chromatography

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the gas chromatographic analysis of commercial butylenes, butylene concentrates, and butane-butylene mixtures.  
1.2 This test method does not cover high-purity butene-1 or high-purity isobutene streams, or both. However, it is possible that one or more columns listed in Appendix X1 may be capable of the separation necessary for high-purity analyses.  
1.3 This test method is designed to cover the components listed below at about 0.05% or greater. It is not intended for trace hydrocarbon analysis. Components to be determined are: propane, propylene, isobutane, n-butane, butene-1, isobutene, trans -butene-2, cis -butene-2, 1,3-butadiene, isopentane, n-pentane.  
1.4 The values stated in S1units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in inch-pound units are for information only.
1.5  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 5.3.1.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-2000
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.D0.04 - C4 and C5 Hydrocarbons
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D4424-90(2001)e1 - Standard Test Method for Butylene Analysis by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001

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ASTM D4424-90(1995) - Standard Test Method for Butylene Analysis by Gas ChromatographyASTM D4424-90(1995) - Standard Test Method for Butylene Analysis by Gas Chromatography
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ASTM D4424-90(1995) - Standard Test Method for Butylene Analysis by Gas Chromatography
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4424 – 90 (Reapproved 1995) An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Butylene Analysis by Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4424; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope stream composition for custody transfer payments. It is also
capable of providing data necessary to evaluate processing
1.1 This test method covers the gas chromatographic analy-
requirements in an operating plant.
sis of commercial butylenes, butylene concentrates, and
butane-butylene mixtures.
5. Apparatus
1.2 This test method does not cover high-purity butene-1 or
5.1 Chromatograph—Any chromatographic instrument
high-purity isobutene streams, or both. However, it is possible
having either a thermal conductivity or flame ionization
that one or more columns listed in Appendix X1 may be
detector with an overall sensitivity sufficient to detect at least
capable of the separation necessary for high-purity analyses.
0.05 % of each of the components listed in the scope.
1.3 This test method is designed to cover the components
5.2 Detector—Either a thermal conductivity or flame ion-
listed below at about 0.05 % or greater. It is not intended for
ization detector may be used.
trace hydrocarbon analysis. Components to be determined are:
5.3 Sample Valve—Either a constant-volume gas sampling
propane, propylene, isobutane, n-butane, butene-1, isobutene,
valve or a liquid sampling valve may be used. If a gas sampling
trans-butene-2, cis-butene-2, 1,3-butadiene, isopentane,
valve is used, greater care must be taken to ensure that the
n-pentane.
vaporized butylenes that are injected into the chromatograph
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
are a true representation of the sample.
standard. The values stated in inch-pound units are for infor-
5.3.1 If the liquid sample valve is used, the sample cylinder
mation only.
must be pressured up to at least 1100 kPa (160 psig) with an
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
inert gas, such as nitrogen or helium (Warning—See Note 1).
safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility
Also a valve must be installed in the purge line downstream of
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
the liquid sample valve to ensure the butylenes sample in the
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
sampling valve is entirely in the liquid phase prior to injection
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see
into the column (Warning—see Note 2).
Note 1 and Note 2.
5.4 Column—Any chromatographic column may be used,
2. Referenced Documents providing the components listed in the scope can be separated
sufficiently for the accurate determination of component con-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
centration. Resolution between peaks must afford a resolution
E 260 Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
such that the depth of the valleys between peaks are no less
3. Summary of Test Method
than 50 % of the peak height of the lesser component. A list of
satisfactory columns is given in Appendix X1.
3.1 The sample is separated in a gas chromatograph system
5.5 Recorder—A recorder with a full-scale response of 2 s
using a packed chromatographic column with either helium or
or less and a maximum rate of noise of 60.3 % of full scale.
hydrogen as the carrier gas. The separated components of the
sample are detected by either a thermal conductivity detector or
NOTE 1—Warning: Compressed gas under high pressure. Gas reduces
by a flame ionization detector. Calibration data are obtained by
oxygen available for breathing.
using either relative response factors or by using a standard NOTE 2—Warning: Extremely flammable liquefied gas under pressure.
Vapor reduces oxygen available for breathing.
calibration blend.
6. Preparation of Apparatus
4. Significance and Use
6.1 Set up the chromatograph in accordance with the manu-
4.1 This test method could be used to determine butylene
facturer’s recommendations. Install the analytical column and
adjust the carrier gas flow and column temperature so that the
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on
components will elute within the time desired for the analysis.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.D0.04 on C Hydrocarbons.
7. Calibration
Current edition approved Sept. 28, 1990. Published Novemb
...

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FIG. 1 Bored Forgings
Note 1: Sensitivity multiplication factor such that a 10 % indication at the forging bore surface will be equivalent to a 1/8 in. [3 mm] diameter flat bottom hole. Inspection frequency: 2.0 MHz or 2.25 MHz. Material velocity: 2.30 in./s × 105 in./s [5.85 cm/s × 105 cm/s].
FIG. 2 Solid Forgings
Note 1: Sensitivity multiplication factor such that a 10 % indication at the forging centerline surface will be equivalent to a 1/8 in. [3 mm] diameter flat bottom hole. Inspection frequency: 2.0 MHz or 2.25 MHz. Material velocity: 2.30 in./s × 105 in./s [5.85 cm/s × 105 cm/s].
FIG. 3 Conversion Factors to Be Used in Conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 if a Change in the Reference Reflector Diameter is Required
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1.6 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for use at the option of the...

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1.1 This specification2 covers austenitic steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts (Note 1).  
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