ASTM C1524-19

Standard Test Method for Water-Extractable Chloride in Aggregate (Soxhlet Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Water-extractable chloride, when present in sufficient amount, has a potential to initiate or accelerate corrosion of metals, such as steel, embedded in or contacting a cementitious system, such as mortar, grout, or concrete. This test method is applicable when aggregates contain a high background of naturally occurring chloride (see ACI 222.1–96 ). Test Method C1152/C1152M determines acid-soluble chloride and Test Method C1218/C1218M determines water-soluble chloride. Both Test Methods C1152/C1152M and C1218/C1218M pulverize the sample to a fine powder or fine granular material. The Soxhlet method is intended to use nonpulverized material. Results with some aggregates have shown that the Soxhlet procedure extracts an extremely low amount of chloride, with most of it remaining in the rock, and therefore, it is not available for corrosion.  
3.2 The Soxhlet extraction apparatus consists of three sections: the boiling flask, which contains reagent water at the beginning of the test; the extractor, which contains the sample inside a thimble; and, the condenser. The extractor functions by boiling the water, which condenses and drips on to the sample. When the water attains a fixed height above the sample, the extractor siphons the water from the thimble back to the boiling flask. The process repeats itself until the test is terminated. (Refer to Fig. 1.)
FIG. 1 Soxhlet Extraction Apparatus
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides procedures for sampling and analysis of aggregate for water-extractable chloride using a Soxhlet extractor.
Note 1: This test method is to be used when significantly high chloride content has been found in aggregates, concretes, or mortars.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Dec-2019
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.69 - Miscellaneous Tests

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C1524 − 19
Standard Test Method for
1
Water-Extractable Chloride in Aggregate (Soxhlet Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1524; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
1.1 This test method provides procedures for sampling and
Sieves
analysis of aggregate for water-extractable chloride using a
2.2 American Concrete Institute Standard:
Soxhlet extractor.
ACI 222.1–96 Provisional Standard Test Method for Water-
NOTE1—Thistestmethodistobeusedwhensignificantlyhighchloride
Soluble Chloride Available for Corrosion of Embedded
content has been found in aggregates, concretes, or mortars.
3
Steel in Mortar and Concrete Using the Soxhlet Extractor
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this 3. Significance and Use
standard.
3.1 Water-extractable chloride, when present in sufficient
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
amount, has a potential to initiate or accelerate corrosion of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the metals, such as steel, embedded in or contacting a cementitious
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
system, such as mortar, grout, or concrete. This test method is
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- applicable when aggregates contain a high background of
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
naturally occurring chloride (seeACI 222.1–96 ). Test Method
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- C1152/C1152M determines acid-soluble chloride and Test
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Method C1218/C1218M determines water-soluble chloride.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the Both Test Methods C1152/C1152M and C1218/C1218M pul-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
verize the sample to a fine powder or fine granular material.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical The Soxhlet method is intended to use nonpulverized material.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Results with some aggregates have shown that the Soxhlet
procedure extracts an extremely low amount of chloride, with
2. Referenced Documents
most of it remaining in the rock, and therefore, it is not
2
available for corrosion.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic
3.2 The Soxhlet extraction apparatus consists of three sec-
Cement
tions: the boiling flask, which contains reagent water at the
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
beginning of the test; the extractor, which contains the sample
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
insideathimble;and,thecondenser.Theextractorfunctionsby
C1152/C1152M Test Method for Acid-Soluble Chloride in
boiling the water, which condenses and drips on to the sample.
Mortar and Concrete
When the water attains a fixed height above the sample, the
C1218/C1218M Test Method for Water-Soluble Chloride in
extractorsiphonsthewaterfromthethimblebacktotheboiling
Mortar and Concrete
flask. The process repeats itself until the test is terminated.
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
(Refer to Fig. 1.)
4. Apparatus
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
4.1 Sampling Equipment:
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.1.1 The apparatus required for obtaining aggregate
C09.69 on Miscellaneous Tests.
samples is described in Practice D75.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2019. Published January 2020. Originally
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C1524 – 02a (2010),
4.2 Sampling Processing Apparatus, the same as in Test
which was withdrawn in January 2019 and reinstated in December 2019. DOI:
Method C1218/C1218M without pulverization.
10.1520/C1524-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), 38800 Country Club Dr.,
the ASTM website. Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3439, http://www.concrete.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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C1524 − 19
FIG. 1 Soxhlet Extraction Apparat
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