Standard Test Method for Seal Strength of Flexible Barrier Materials

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the strength of seals in flexible barrier materials.
1.2 The test may be conducted on seals between a flexible material and a rigid material.
1.3 Seals tested in accordance with this test method may be from any source, laboratory or commercial.
1.4 This test method measures the force required to separate a test strip of material containing the seal. It also identifies the mode of specimen failure.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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Publication Date
30-Apr-2007
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ASTM F88-07 - Standard Test Method for Seal Strength of Flexible Barrier Materials
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F 88 – 07
Standard Test Method for
1
Seal Strength of Flexible Barrier Materials
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF 88;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope from a rigid material or another flexible material, under the
conditions of the test.
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthemeasurementofthestrength
3.1.1.1 Discussion—The average force normally is calcu-
of seals in flexible barrier materials.
lated by the testing machine from the digitized plot of force
1.2 The test may be conducted on seals between a flexible
versus grip travel. The plot starts from zero force after slack
material and a rigid material.
has been removed from the test strip. The initial ramp-up from
1.3 Seals tested in accordance with this test method may be
zero to the force level required to peel the seal is not indicative
from any source, laboratory or commercial.
of seal strength, and data from that part of the curve should not
1.4 This test method measures the force required to separate
be included in the calculation of average strength, nor should
a test strip of material containing the seal. It also identifies the
the return to zero following complete failure of the specimen.
mode of specimen failure.
The amount of data actually discarded on each end of the
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
measured seal-profile curve must be the same for all tests
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
within any set of comparisons of average seal strength (see
only.
6.1.1 and 9.8.1).
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.2 flexible, adj—indicates a material with flexural
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
strengthandthicknesspermittingaturnbackatanapproximate
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
180 degree angle.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.3 maximum seal strength, n—maximum force per unit
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
width of seal required to separate progressively a flexible
2. Referenced Documents material from a rigid material or another flexible material,
2
under the conditions of the test.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic
4. Significance and Use
Sheeting
3 4.1 Sealstrengthisaquantitativemeasureforuseinprocess
D 1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics
validation, process control, and capability. Seal strength is not
E 171 Specification for Atmospheres for Conditioning and
only relevant to opening force and package integrity, but to
Testing Flexible Barrier Materials
measuring the packaging processes’ ability to produce consis-
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
tent seals. Seal strength at some minimum level is a necessary
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
package requirement, and at times it is desirable to limit the
3. Terminology strength of the seal to facilitate opening.
4.1.1 The maximum seal force is important information, but
3.1 Definitions:
for some applications, average force to open the seal may be
3.1.1 average seal strength, n—averageforceperunitwidth
useful, and in those cases also should be reported.
of seal required to separate progressively a flexible material
4.2 When a seal fails adhesively (peel seal) the value of the
bond strength measured is reported. A cohesive failure of the
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This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F02 on Flexible bond, delamination, or failure elsewhere in the test strip
Barrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.20 on
indicates that the substrate, not the seal interface, would be the
Physical Properties.
limiting factor in the strength of a package. In those cases seal
Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published June 2007. Originally
strength may be reported as “no less than” the strength
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F 88 – 06.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
measured.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.3 A portion of the force measured when testing materials
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
may be a bending component and not seal strength alone. A
the ASTM website.
3
Withdrawn. number of fixtures and techniques have been devised to hold
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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F88–07
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