ASTM A518/A518M-99(2003)

Standard Specification for Corrosion-Resistant High-Silicon Iron Castings

ABSTRACT
This specification covers standards for high-silicon iron castings of Grades 1, 2, and 3 intended for severe environment corrosion-resistant services. The alloy shall be produced by any melting and casting process, or combination of processes that will be capable of meeting the specified contents of carbon, manganese, silicon, chromium, molybdenum, and copper. Reference analysis methods are given for each chemical component. Transverse bend test and hydrostatic test shall be performed. Material shall conform to minimum load at center and minimum deflection at center requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers high-silicon cast iron castings intended for corrosion-resistant service.
1.2 This specification covers three grades as shown in Table 1. Selection of grade depends on the corrosive service to be experienced by the casting. All three grades are suited for application in severe corrosive environments. However, Grade 2 is particularly suited for application in strong chloride environments, and Grade 3 is recommended for impressed current anodes.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 9, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Oct-1999
• ICS: 77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings
• Technical Committee: A04 - Iron Castings
• Drafting Committee: A04.01 - Grey and White Iron Castings

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A518/A518M-99 - Standard Specification for Corrosion-Resistant High-Silicon Iron Castings
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1999
• Replaced By: ASTM A518/A518M-99(2008) - Standard Specification for Corrosion-Resistant High-Silicon Iron Castings
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM A861-04(2023) - Standard Specification for High-Silicon Iron Pipe and Fittings
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1999
• Referred By: ASTM A834-95(2020) - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Iron Castings for General Industrial Use
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 518/A 518M – 99 (Reapproved 2003)
Standard Specification for
Corrosion-Resistant High-Silicon Iron Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 518/A 518M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition
1. Scope
Element Composition, Weight %
1.1 This specification covers high-silicon cast iron castings
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3
intended for corrosion-resistant service.
1.2 This specification covers three grades as shown inTable
Carbon 0.65–1.10 0.75–1.15 0.70–1.10
Manganese 1.50, max 1.50, max 1.50, max
1. Selection of grade depends on the corrosive service to be
Silicon 14.20–14.75 14.20–14.75 14.20–14.75
experienced by the casting. All three grades are suited for
Chromium 0.50, max 3.25–5.00 3.25–5.00
application in severe corrosive environments. However, Grade Molybdenum 0.50, max 0.40–0.60 0.20, max
Copper 0.50, max 0.50, max 0.50, max
2 is particularly suited for application in strong chloride
environments, and Grade 3 is recommended for impressed
current anodes.
E 351 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Cast Iron—
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
All Types
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
3. Ordering Information
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall
3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
the following information:
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
3.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue.
cation.
3.1.2 Grade of high-silicon cast iron (see Section 5).
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
3.1.3 Number of castings.
test method portion, Section 9, of this specification: This
3.1.4 Approximate weight of the casting.
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
3.1.5 Drawing showing the size, shape, dimensions, and
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
finishing details. The drawing should indicate any critical
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
dimensions and should give the allowable tolerances on all
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
dimensions and on the accumulation of dimensions. If the
tions prior to use.
purchaser supplies the pattern, the dimensions of the casting
2. Referenced Documents
shall conform to those predicted by the pattern.
3.1.6 Options in this specification, including:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.6.1 The status of the heat treatment of the castings when
A 438 TestMethodforTransverseTestingofGrayCastIron
shipped by the manufacturer (see Section 7).
E 350 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Carbon Steel,
3.1.6.2 If the chemical analysis and mechanical test results
Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and
are to be reported to the purchaser (see Section 14).
Wrought Iron
3.1.6.3 If a transverse test is required (see 8.1).
3.1.6.4 If hydraulic testing is required, and, if required, the
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on Iron
test pressure and the leakage permitted (see 8.2).
CastingsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA04.01onGreyandWhite
3.1.6.5 Any special packing, markings, etc.
Iron Castings.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1999. Published December 1999. Originally
4. Method of Manufacture
approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as A 518 – 99.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.1 The alloy may be produced by any melting and casting
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
process, or combination of processes, capable of meeting the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
chemical composition and mechanical properties specified.
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A 518/A 518M – 99 (2003)
5. Chemical Composition 6.4.4.2 Determine manganese in accordance with the sec-
tions on Manganese by the Peroxydisulfate-Arsenite Titrimet-
5.1 High-silicon iron castings are produced in one of three
ric Method in Test Methods E 350. Add hydrofluoric acid as
grades, as given in Table 1 of this specification.
required for complete solution of the (HF) sample.
6.4.5 Chromium:
6. Chemical Analysis
6.4.5.1 Mill, lathe, or pulverize the sample to pass through
6.1 Heat Analysis—Chemical analysis of each heat (or each
a 100-mesh sieve.
tap, if from a continuous melting operation) shall be made by
6.4.5.2 Determine chromium in accordance with the sec-
the manufacturer to determine the percentages of the elements
tions on Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate-Oxidation Titrimet-
specified in Table 1. The analysis shall be made from a test
ric Method in Test Methods E 350, except dissolve the sample
sample cast during the pouring of the heat (or tap). The
as follows:
chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the
(a) (a) Place the appropriate amount of weighed sample
requirements specified for that grade in Table 1.
into a 600-mL Griffin beaker or 500-mL volumetric flask.Add
6.2 Product Analysis—A product analysis may be made by
20 mL of nitric acid (HNO ) and carefully add HF, dropwise,
the purchaser from material representing each heat, lot, or
until the reaction ceases. A TFE-fluorocarbon beaker may be
casting. The sample for such analysis shall be taken as desired
used if desired.
by the purchaser. The chemical composition thus determined
(b) (b)Add30mLof1+1 sulfuric acid (H SO ),5mLof
2 4
shall meet the requirements for the grade specified.
phosphoric acid (H PO ), and boil until light fumes of H SO
3 4 2 4
6.3 Routine Analysis Methods—Spectrometric and other are present and the sample is completely dissolved.
instrumental methods or wet chemical laboratory methods are (c) (c) Cool the solution, add 150 mL of water, heat to
acceptable for routine and control determinations, but shall be dissolve if necessary, and continue as in Test Methods E 350.
standardizedagainstandgiveessentiallythesameresultsasthe
6.4.6 Copper:
methods specified in 6.4.
6.4.6.1 Mill, lathe, or pulverize the sample to pass through
a 100-mesh sieve.
6.4 Reference Analysis Methods:
6.4.6.2 Determine the copper in accordance with the sec-
6.4.1 Silicon:
tions on Copper by the Sulfide Precipitation-Electrodeposition
6.4.1.1 Analyze samples soluble when processed in accor-
Gravimetric Method in Test Methods E 350, or
dance with Test Methods E 350, by that method, except as
6.4.6.3 Determine the copper in accordance with the sec-
follows:
tions on Copper by the Neocuproine Photometric Method, in
(a) (a) The sample weight shall be 0.3 g with a weight
Test Methods E 350.Add HF as required for complete solution
tolerance of 60.1 mg.
of the sample.
(b) (b) Pulverize one or more pieces of the sample until the
entire material in the piece or pieces passes through a 100-
7. Heat Treatment
mesh screen.
7.1 High-silicon iron castings are generally used in the
(c) (c) Dissolve the sample in 25 mL of perchloric acid.
heat-treated (stress-relieved) condition. Small castings of
6.4.1.2 Analyze samples that are not soluble when pro-
simple configuration not conducive to high-residual stresses
cessed in accordance with 6.4.1.1 in accordance with Annex
may be used in the as-cast condition. If the castings are to be
A1.
supplied in the stress-relieved condition, the purchaser must so
6.4.2 Molybdenum:
specify.
6.4.2.1 Mill, lathe, or pulverize the sample to pass through
7.2 At its option, the foundry may heat treat the castings to
a 100-mesh sieve. If the sample is soluble when processed in
remove stresses without the purchaser so specifying.
accordance with Test Methods E 350, use this method.
7.3 If used, the stress-relieving heat treatment shall be as
6.4.2.2 If the sample is not acid-soluble when processed in
follows:
accordance with 6.4.2.1, proceed as follows:
7.3.1 Heat at a rate that will not crack the castings.
(a) (a) Use the appropriate weight of sample in accordance
7.3.2 Hold the castings at a minimum temperature of
with6.4.2.1insteadoftheweightgiveninA1.2.3ofAnnexA1.
1600°F [870°C] for a minimum period of 1 h/in. [mm] of
(b) (b) Fuse the sample in accordance with A1.2.1 and
maximum section thickness, except that in no case shall the
A1.2.2 and A1.2.4-A1.2.12 of Annex A1.
holding period be less than 2 h.
(c) (c) Add the amount of dissolving acid(s), specified in 7.3.3 Cool the castings to 400°F [205°C] maximum at a rate
the sections in Molybdenum by the Photometric Method in not faster than 100°F [55°C]/15 min.
Test Methods E 350, heat to fumes of perchloric acid. Proceed 7.3.4 From 400°F [205°C] to ambient temperature, the
in accordance with Test Methods E 350. castings may be cooled in still ambient air.
6.4.3 Carbon—Determine carbon in accordance with sec-
tions on Carbon, Total, by the Combustion Gravimetric 8. Mechanical Requirements
Method, in Test Methods E 350.
8.1 Transverse Bend Test:
6.4.4 Manganese:
8.1.1 Whenspecifiedbythepurchaser,thesilicon-ironalloy
6.4.4.1 Mill, lathe, or pulverize the sample to pass through shall be given a transverse bend test.The specimen tested shall
a 100-mesh sieve. meet the test requirements prescribed in Table 2.
A 518/A 518M – 99 (2003)
TABLE 2 Transverse Bend Test Minimum Requirements
9.2 Conduct the transverse bend test in accordance with
Method A 438, except as follows:
NOTE 1—Test bars are to be tested on supports 12 in. [3.5 mm] apart.
9.2.1 Do not machine the specimen.
Load at center, min, lbf [N] 930 [4090]
Deflection at center, min, in. [mm] 0.026 [0.66]
9.2.2 The specimen shall be sufficiently smooth, round, and
straight to permit testing without machining.
9.2.3 Produce the specimen in accordance with Fig. 1.
8.1.2 When transverse bend tests are specified, test bars
9.2.4 The specimen shall conform to the dimensions shown
shall be made and tested from each heat (or ladle in the case of in Fig. 2.
continuous melting) from which the castings are poured.
9.2.5 Report the actual breaking load without use of a
8.1.3 The test bars shall be heat treated in the production
correction factor. The requirements of Table 2 allow for
furnaces to the same procedure as the castings.
deviation due to variations in test bar diameter. In the same
8.1.4 Each test bar shall be permanently marked with the
sense, measure and report the deflection at fractur
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