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ASTM E2010-01

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Positive Pressure Fire Tests of Window Assemblies (Withdrawn 2007)

Standard Test Method for Positive Pressure Fire Tests of Window Assemblies (Withdrawn 2007)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers fire-test-response applicable to window assemblies, including glass block and other light transmitting assemblies, for use in walls or partitions to retard the passage of fire (see Appendix X1).
1.2 This fire-test-response test method will determine the ability of window assemblies, including glass block and other light transmitting assemblies, to function as a fire barrier during a standard fire endurance test. Such tests shall not be construed as determining suitability of window assemblies for continued use after fire exposure (see Appendix X1.2).
1.3 This fire-test-response test method is intended to evaluate the ability of window assemblies, including glass block or other light transmitting assemblies, to remain in a wall or partition during a predetermined fire test exposure, which is then followed by the application of a hose stream (see Appendix X1.3).
1.4 The fire exposure is not necessarily representative of all fire conditions, which normally vary with changes in the amount, nature and distribution of fire loading, ventilation, compartment size and configuration, and heat sink characteristics of the compartment. It does, however, provide a relative measure of fire performance of window assemblies under threse specified fire exposure conditions.
1.5 The hose stream test used in this test method is not designed to be representative of an actual hose stream used by a fire department during fire suppression efforts.
1.6 Any variation from the construction or conditions that are tested will possibly change the performance characteristics of the assembly.
1.7 This fire-test-response standard does not provide the following:
1.7.1 The fire endurance of window assemblies in walls or partitions constructed of materials other than those tested.
1.7.2 A temperature measurement on the unexposed surface of the window assembly.
1.7.3 A measurement of smoke or products of combustion that pass through the window assembly.
1.7.4 A measurement of smoke, toxic gases, or other products of combustion generated by the window assembly.
Note 1—The information in 1.7.3 and 1.7.4 may be important in determining the fire hazard or fire risk of window assemblies under actual fire conditions. This information may be determined by other suitable fire test methods. For example, flame spread and smoke development may be determined by Test Method E 84.
1.8 The fire-test-response test method permits through-openings, that are created by cracking, separation, or loss of glazing material, provided they do not exceed specified limits.
1.9 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.
Note 2—Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance to this test method.
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.11 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.12 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this test method.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers fire-test-response applicable to window assemblies, including glass block and other light transmitting assembli...

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
09-Oct-2001
Withdrawal Date
31-Mar-2007
ICS
13.220.40 - Ignitability and burning behaviour of materials and products
Technical Committee
E05 - Fire Standards
Drafting Committee
E05.11 - Fire Resistance
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E2010-99 - Standard Test Method for Positive Pressure Fire Tests of Window Assemblies
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001

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ASTM E2010-01 - Standard Test Method for Positive Pressure Fire Tests of Window Assemblies (Withdrawn 2007)ASTM E2010-01 - Standard Test Method for Positive Pressure Fire Tests of Window Assemblies (Withdrawn 2007)
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ASTM E2010-01 - Standard Test Method for Positive Pressure Fire Tests of Window Assemblies (Withdrawn 2007)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:E2010–01
Standard Test Method for
1
Positive Pressure Fire Tests of Window Assemblies
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2010; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This fire test response standard replaces test method E 163, which was formerly under the
jurisdiction of Committee E05 on Fire Standards. Test method E 163 was withdrawn on January 1,
1995 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations GoverningASTMTechnical Committees,
which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since last approval date.
1. Scope 1.7 This fire-test-response standard does not provide the
following:
1.1 This test method covers fire-test-response applicable to
1.7.1 The fire endurance of window assemblies in walls or
window assemblies, including glass block and other light
partitions constructed of materials other than those tested.
transmitting assemblies, for use in walls or partitions to retard
1.7.2 Atemperature measurement on the unexposed surface
the passage of fire (see Appendix X1).
of the window assembly.
1.2 This fire-test-response test method will determine the
1.7.3 A measurement of smoke or products of combustion
ability of window assemblies, including glass block and other
that pass through the window assembly.
light transmitting assemblies, to function as a fire barrier
1.7.4 A measurement of smoke, toxic gases, or other prod-
during a standard fire endurance test. Such tests shall not be
ucts of combustion generated by the window assembly.
construed as determining suitability of window assemblies for
continued use after fire exposure (see Appendix X1.2).
NOTE 1—The information in 1.7.3 and 1.7.4 may be important in
1.3 This fire-test-response test method is intended to evalu- determining the fire hazard or fire risk of window assemblies under actual
fire conditions. This information may be determined by other suitable fire
ate the ability of window assemblies, including glass block or
test methods. For example, flame spread and smoke development may be
other light transmitting assemblies, to remain in a wall or
determined by Test Method E 84.
partition during a predetermined fire test exposure, which is
1.8 This fire-test-response test method permits through-
then followed by the application of a hose stream (see
Appendix X1.3). openings, that are created by cracking, separation, or loss of
glazing material, provided they do not exceed specified limits.
1.4 The fire exposure is not necessarily representative of all
fire conditions, which normally vary with changes in the 1.9 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to
be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SI
amount, nature and distribution of fire loading, ventilation,
compartment size and configuration, and heat sink character- units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system
are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
istics of the compartment. It does, however, provide a relative
measure of fire performance of window assemblies under these independently of the other.
specified fire exposure conditions.
NOTE 2—Combining values from the two systems may result in
1.5 The hose stream test used in this test method is not
non-conformance to this test method.
designed to be representative of an actual hose stream used by
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the
a fire department during fire suppression efforts.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.6 Any variation from the construction or conditions that
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
are tested will possibly change the performance characteristics
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
of the assembly.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.11 This standard is used to measure and describe the
1
response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on Fire
Standards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.11 on Fire
flame under controlled conditions, but boes not by itself
Endurance.
incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk
Current edition approved October 10, 2001. Published January 2002. Originally
published as E 2010–99. Last previous edition E 2010–99.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2010–01
as
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used primarily to determine the time to burn-through and the time to ignition of materials, products, and assemblies.  
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5.7 Test Limitations:  
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1.1 This fire-test-response test method assesses the response of materials, products, and assemblies to controlled levels of heat flux with an external igniter.  
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1.3.1 This test method uses the same burner as that described in Test Method E1623. Two burner types are described (Burner A and Burner B).  
1.4 Specimens are exposed to a constant heat flux up to 50 kW/m2 in a vertical orientation. Hot wires are used to ignite the combustible vapors from the specimen.  
1.5 This test method has been developed for evaluations, design, or research and development of materials, products, or assemblies, or for code compliance. The specimen shall be tested in thicknesses and configurations representative of actual end product or system uses.  
1.6 Limitations of the test method are listed in 5.7.  
1.7 This test method is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.8 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.9 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific information about hazards is given in Section 7.  
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5.1 This test method provides a means to measure a variety of fire-test-response characteristics resulting from burning a specimen of upholstered furniture. The upholstered furniture specimen is allowed to burn freely under well-ventilated conditions after ignition using a propane gas burner. The most important fire-test-response characteristic measured is the rate of heat release, which quantifies the intensity of the fire generated.  
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1.1 This is a fire-test-response standard.  
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1.6 The production of light obscuring smoke is measured and the concentrations of certain toxic gas species in the combustion gases are determined. See X1.6.5 for further information.  
1.7 The burning behavior is visually documented by photographic or video recordings, whenever possible.  
1.8 The system of units to be used in referee decisions is the SI system of units, see IEEE/ASTM SI-10 only. The units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.9 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.10 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
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Standard Test Method for Determination of Time to Burn-Through Using the Intermediate Scale Calorimeter (ICAL) Radiant Panel

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used primarily to determine the time to burn-through and the time to ignition of materials, products, and assemblies.  
5.2 Representative joints and other characteristics of an assembly shall be included in a specimen when these details are part of normal design.  
5.3 This test method is applicable to end-use products not having an ideally planar external surface. The heat flux shall be adjusted to be that which is desired at the average distance of the surface from the radiant panel.  
5.4 In this procedure, the specimens are subjected to one or more specific sets of laboratory test conditions. If different test conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, it is not always possible by or from this test to predict changes in the fire-test-response characteristics measured. Therefore, the results are valid only for the fire test exposure conditions described in this procedure.  
5.5 Representative materials and thicknesses shall be included in a specimen when these details are part of normal design.  
5.6 This method can also be used for research and development of various material types to be included in larger-scale fire test assemblies (for example, Test Methods E119).  
5.7 Test Limitations:  
5.7.1 The test results have limited validity if: (a) the specimen melts sufficiently to overflow the drip tray, or (b) explosive spalling occurs.  
5.7.2 Report observations of specimens that sag, deform, or delaminate.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response test method assesses the response of materials, products, and assemblies to controlled levels of heat flux with an external igniter.  
1.2 The fire-test-response characteristics determined by this test method include the ignitability and time to burn-through of materials, products, and assemblies under well ventilated conditions.  
1.3 Heat, smoke, and mass loss rate are not within the scope of this test method, but are addressed by Test Method E1623.  
1.3.1 This test method uses the same burner as that described in Test Method E1623. Two burner types are described (Burner A and Burner B).  
1.4 Specimens are exposed to a constant heat flux up to 50 kW/m2 in a vertical orientation. Hot wires are used to ignite the combustible vapors from the specimen.  
1.5 This test method has been developed for evaluations, design, or research and development of materials, products, or assemblies, or for code compliance. The specimen shall be tested in thicknesses and configurations representative of actual end product or system uses.  
1.6 Limitations of the test method are listed in 5.7.  
1.7 This test method is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.8 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.9 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific information about hazards is given in Section 7.  
1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E2965-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Low Levels of Heat Release Rate for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used primarily to determine the heat evolved in, or contributed to, a fire involving materials or products that emit low levels of heat release. The recommended use for this test method is for materials with a total heat release rate measured of less than 10 MJ over the first 20 min test period, and which do not give peak heat release rates of more than 200 kW/m2 for periods extending more than 10 s. Also included is a determination of the effective heat of combustion, mass loss rate, the time to sustained flaming, and (optionally) smoke production. These properties are determined on small size test specimens that are representative of those in the intended end use.  
5.2 This test method is applicable to various categories of products and is not limited to representing a single fire scenario.  
5.3 This test method is not applicable to end-use products that do not have planar, or nearly planar, external surfaces.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response standard provides a procedure for measuring the response of materials that emit low levels of heat release when exposed to controlled levels of radiant heating with or without an external igniter.  
1.2 This test method differs from Test Method E1354 in that it prescribes a different specific test specimen size, specimen holder, test specimen orientation, a direct connection between the plenum and the top plate of the cone heater assembly to ensure complete collection of all the combustion gases (Fig. 1), and a lower volumetric flow rate for analyses via oxygen consumption calorimetry. It is intended for use on materials and products that contain only small amounts of combustible ingredients or components, such as test specimens that yield a peak heat release of 2 and total heat release of 2.
Note 1: PMMA is typically used to check the general operation of a Cone Calorimeter. PMMA should not be used with this standard as the heat release rate is too high.  
1.3 The rate of heat release is determined by measurement of the oxygen consumption as determined by the oxygen concentration and the flow rate in the exhaust product stream. The effective heat of combustion is determined from a concomitant measurement of test specimen mass loss rate, in combination with the heat release rate. Smoke development (an optional measurement) is measured by obscuration of light by the combustion product stream.  
1.4 Test specimens shall be exposed to initial test heat fluxes generated by a conical radiant heater. External ignition, when used, shall be by electric spark. The test specimen testing orientation is horizontal, independent of whether the end-use application involves a horizontal or a vertical orientation.  
1.5 Ignitability is determined as a measurement of time from initial exposure to time of sustained flaming.  
1.6 This test method has been developed for use for material and product evaluations, mathematical modeling, design purposes, and development and research. Examples of material test specimens include portions of an end-use product or the various components used in the end-use product.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.9 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applic...

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ASTM
ASTM E1474-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Heat Release Rate of Upholstered Furniture and Mattress Components or Composites Using a Bench Scale Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to determine the time to sustained flaming and heat release of materials and composites exposed to a prescribed initial test heat flux in the cone calorimeter apparatus.  
5.2 Quantitative heat release measurements provide information that can be used for upholstery and mattress product designs and product development.  
5.3 Heat release measurements provide useful information for product development by yielding a quantitative measure of specific changes in fire performance caused by component and composite modifications. Heat release data from this test method will not be predictive of product behavior if the product does not spread flame over its surface under the fire exposure conditions of interest.  
5.4 Test Limitations—The test data are invalid if either of the following conditions occur: (1) explosive spalling; or (2) the specimen swells sufficiently prior to ignition to touch the spark plug, or the specimen swells up to the plane of the heater base during combustion.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response test method can be used to determine the ignitability and heat release from the composites of contract, institutional, or high-risk occupancy upholstered furniture or mattresses using a bench scale oxygen consumption calorimeter.  
1.2 This test method provides for measurement of the time to sustained flaming, heat release rate, peak and total heat release, and effective heat of combustion at a constant initial test heat flux of 35 kW/m2. This test method is also suitable to obtain heat release data at different heat fluxes. The specimen is oriented horizontally, and a spark ignition source is used.  
1.3 The times to sustained flaming, heat release, and effective heat of combustion are determined using the apparatus and procedures described in Test Method E1354.  
1.4 The tests are performed on bench-scale specimens combining the furniture or mattress outer layer components. Frame elements are not included.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.6 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6.  
1.8 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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