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ASTM D6477-13e1

(Terminology)

Standard Terminology Relating to Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics (Withdrawn 2022)

Standard Terminology Relating to Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics (Withdrawn 2022)

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology is the compilation of all definitions developed by Subcommittee D13.19 on Tire Cords and Fabrics.  
1.2 The terminology, mostly definitions, is unique to the tire cord fabric industry. Meanings of the same terms used outside the tire cord fabric industry can be found in other compilations or in dictionaries of general usage.  
1.3 In addition to being a specialized dictionary, this terminology is also a tool for managing the Subcommittee's terminology. This includes finding, eliminating, and preventing redundancies, that is, where two or more terms relating to the same concept are defined in different words.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-2012
ICS
83.160.01 - Tyres in general
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.19 - Industrial Fibers and Metallic Reinforcements
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D6477-13e1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics (Withdrawn 2022)ASTM D6477-13e1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics (Withdrawn 2022)
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REDLINE ASTM D6477-13e1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics (Withdrawn 2022)REDLINE ASTM D6477-13e1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics (Withdrawn 2022)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: D6477 − 13
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6477; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Terms were added editorially in September 2016.
1. Scope D4776 Test Method for Adhesion of Tire Cords and Other
Reinforcing Cords to Rubber Compounds by H-Test
1.1 This terminology is the compilation of all definitions
Procedure
developed by Subcommittee D13.19 on Tire Cords and Fab-
D4974 Test Method for Hot Air Thermal Shrinkage of Yarn
rics.
and Cord Using a Thermal Shrinkage Oven
1.2 The terminology, mostly definitions, is unique to the tire
D4975 Test Methods for Single-Filament Tire Bead Wire
cord fabric industry. Meanings of the same terms used outside
Made from Steel
the tire cord fabric industry can be found in other compilations
D5591 Test Method for Thermal Shrinkage Force of Yarn
or in dictionaries of general usage.
and Cord With a Thermal Shrinkage Force Tester
D6320 Test Methods for Single Filament Hose Reinforcing
1.3 In addition to being a specialized dictionary, this termi-
nology is also a tool for managing the Subcommittee’s Wire Made from Steel
D6477 Terminology Relating to Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose
terminology.This includes finding, eliminating, and preventing
redundancies, that is, where two or more terms relating to the Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics
D6611 Test Method for Wet and DryYarn-on-YarnAbrasion
same concept are defined in different words.
Resistance
2. Referenced Documents
2
3. Terminology
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
abrasion, n—the wearing away of any part of a material by
D885 Test Methods for Tire Cords, Tire Cord Fabrics, and
rubbing against another surface. D6611
Industrial Filament Yarns Made from Manufactured
Organic-Base Fibers
adhesion, n—in tire fabrics, the force required to separate a
D1871 Test Method for Adhesion Between Tire Bead Wire
textile material from rubber or other elastomer by a definite
and Rubber
prescribed method. D1871, D2229, D4393, D4776
D2229 Test Method for Adhesion Between Steel Tire Cords
adhesion, n—the property denoting the ability of a material to
and Rubber
resist delamination or separation into two or more layers.
D2692 Test Method for Air Wicking of Tire Fabrics, Tire
D6477
Cord Fabrics, Tire Cord, and Yarns
D2969 Test Methods for Steel Tire Cords
adhesive treated tire cord, n—a tire cord whose adhesion to
D2970/D2970M Test Methods for Testing Tire Cords, Tire
rubber or other elastomer has been improved by the appli-
Cord Fabrics, and Industrial Yarns Made From Glass
cation of a dip followed by rapid drying and (normally)
Filaments
additional heat treatment. D5591
D4393 Test Method for Strap Peel Adhesion of Reinforcing
Cords or Fabrics to Rubber Compounds
air wicking,n—intires,thepassageofairlongitudinallyalong
or through yarns in a fabric that has been encased and cured
in rubber or other elastomer, that is, air permeability in the
1
ThisterminologyisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextiles
plane of the fabric. D2692
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.19 on Industrial Fibers and
Metallic Reinforcements.
apex angle, n—the angle formed between the incoming and
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2013. Published January 2013. Originally
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D6477–11. DOI:
outgoing yarn at the top (and bottom) of the inter-wrapped
10.1520/D6477-13E01.
yarn area in the static condition.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DISCUSSION—In yarn abrasion testing, the state of a yarn, which has
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
been soaked for a prescribed period of time in water before testing and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. then immersed in water during the abrasion test. D6611
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D6477 − 13
applied tension, n—In yarn abrasion testing, the static tension cord twist, n—the amount of twist in a cord made from two or
exerted on the weighted end of the yarn by the applied more single or plied yarns.
weight. DISCUSSION—Cord twist is based on the initial length of a cord
specimen.Cordtwistisexpressedasthenumberofturnsdividedbythe
DISCUSSION—Tension in the yarn varies along its length during each
length of th
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D6477 − 13 D6477 − 13
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6477; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Terms were added editorially in September 2016.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology is the compilation of all definitions developed by Subcommittee D13.19 on Tire Cords and Fabrics.
1.2 The terminology, mostly definitions, is unique to the tire cord fabric industry. Meanings of the same terms used outside the
tire cord fabric industry can be found in other compilations or in dictionaries of general usage.
1.3 In addition to being a specialized dictionary, this terminology is also a tool for managing the Subcommittee’s terminology.
This includes finding, eliminating, and preventing redundancies, that is, where two or more terms relating to the same concept are
defined in different words.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D885 Test Methods for Tire Cords, Tire Cord Fabrics, and Industrial Filament Yarns Made from Manufactured Organic-Base
Fibers
D1871 Test Method for Adhesion Between Tire Bead Wire and Rubber
D2229 Test Method for Adhesion Between Steel Tire Cords and Rubber
D2692 Test Method for Air Wicking of Tire Fabrics, Tire Cord Fabrics, Tire Cord, and Yarns
D2969 Test Methods for Steel Tire Cords
D2970/D2970M Test Methods for Testing Tire Cords, Tire Cord Fabrics, and Industrial Yarns Made From Glass Filaments
D4393 Test Method for Strap Peel Adhesion of Reinforcing Cords or Fabrics to Rubber Compounds
D4776 Test Method for Adhesion of Tire Cords and Other Reinforcing Cords to Rubber Compounds by H-Test Procedure
D4974 Test Method for Hot Air Thermal Shrinkage of Yarn and Cord Using a Thermal Shrinkage Oven
D4975 Test Methods for Single-Filament Tire Bead Wire Made from Steel
D5591 Test Method for Thermal Shrinkage Force of Yarn and Cord With a Thermal Shrinkage Force Tester
D6320 Test Methods for Single Filament Hose Reinforcing Wire Made from Steel
D6477 Terminology Relating to Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics
D6611 Test Method for Wet and Dry Yarn-on-Yarn Abrasion Resistance
3. Terminology
abrasion, n—the wearing away of any part of a material by rubbing against another surface. D6611
adhesion, n—in tire fabrics, the force required to separate a textile material from rubber or other elastomer by a definite prescribed
method. D1871, D2229, D4393, D4776
adhesion, n—the property denoting the ability of a material to resist delamination or separation into two or more layers. D6477
adhesive treated tire cord, n—a tire cord whose adhesion to rubber or other elastomer has been improved by the application of
a dip followed by rapid drying and (normally) additional heat treatment. D5591
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.19 on Industrial Fibers and Metallic
Reinforcements.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2013. Published January 2013. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D6477–11. DOI:
10.1520/D6477-13.10.1520/D6477-13E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D6477 − 13
air wicking, n— in tires, the passage of air longitudinally along or through yarns in a fabric that has been encased and cured in
rubber or other elastomer, that is, air permeability in the plane of the fabric. D2692
apex angle, n—the angle formed between the incoming and outgoing yarn at the top (and bottom) of the inter-wrapped yarn area
in the static condition.
DISCUSSION—
In yarn abrasion testing, the state of a yarn, which has been soaked for a prescribed period of time in water before testing and then immersed in water
during the abrasion test. D6611
applied tension, n—In yarn abrasion testing, the static tension exerted on the weighted end o
...

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ASTM D6477-23(Terminology)
Standard Terminology Relating to Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics

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1.1 This terminology is the compilation of all definitions developed by Subcommittee D13.19 on Tire Cords and Fabrics.  
1.2 The terminology, mostly definitions, is unique to the tire cord fabric industry. Meanings of the same terms used outside the tire cord fabric industry can be found in other compilations or in dictionaries of general usage.  
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ASTM D4776/D4776M-18(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Adhesion of Tire Cords and Other Reinforcing Cords to Rubber Compounds by H-Test Procedure

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Test Method D4776 for the determination of the H-test adhesion of reinforcing cords to rubber compounds may be used for the acceptance testing of commercial shipments of reinforcing cords but caution is advised since information about between-laboratory precision is incomplete. Comparative tests as directed in 5.1.1 may be advisable.  
5.1.1 In cases of dispute arising from the differences in reported test results when using Test Method D4776 for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before testing begins. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in light of the known bias.  
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5.3.1 The deleterious effect of ozone in combination with atmospheric moisture on the ability of adhesives to bond with rubber requires assiduous protection of cords prior to embedment.  
5.4 The expec...
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1.1 This test method covers the measurement of adhesion of reinforcing cords that are bonded to rubber compounds. This test method is applicable to textile cord structures from both natural and manmade fibers, other than steel. For adhesion testing of steel tire cords, refer to Test Method D2229.  
1.2 This test method is primarily used to evaluate tire cords, using a suitable tire cord adhesive and a suitable rubber compound. This test method is also used to evaluate (1) tire cord adhesives, and (2) the process of adhesive reaction on the cord using one consistent form of tire cord and one consistent rubber compound. This test method may be used to evaluate cords in industrial hose and belting products and other cord reinforced rubber products.  
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1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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