ASTM E6-23

Standard Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers the principal terms relating to methods of mechanical testing of solids. The general definitions are restricted and interpreted, when necessary, to make them particularly applicable and practicable for use in standards requiring or relating to mechanical tests. These definitions are published to encourage uniformity of terminology in product specifications.  
1.2 Terms relating to fatigue and fracture testing are defined in Terminology E1823.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Jan-2023
• ICS: 01.040.19 - Testing (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 19.060 - Mechanical testing
• Technical Committee: E28 - Mechanical Testing
• Drafting Committee: E28.91 - Terminology

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E6 − 23
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Methods of Mechanical Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E6; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2.3 NIST Technical Notes:
NIST Technical Note 1297 Guidelines for Evaluating and
1.1 This terminology covers the principal terms relating to
Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Re-
methods of mechanical testing of solids. The general defini-
5
sults
tions are restricted and interpreted, when necessary, to make
6
2.4 BIPM Standard:
them particularly applicable and practicable for use in stan-
JCGM 200 : International vocabulary of metrology — Basic
dards requiring or relating to mechanical tests. These defini-
and general concepts and associated terms (VIM).
tions are published to encourage uniformity of terminology in
product specifications.
3. Index of Cross-References and Associated Definitions
1.2 Terms relating to fatigue and fracture testing are defined
3.1 The terms listed below are associated with terminology
in Terminology E1823.
that is fundamental or commonly used. The definition for the
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
term of interest is related to or is given below the definition for
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
the fundamental term cited.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Term
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
angular strain see strain
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical axial strain see strain
bending strain see strain
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
chord modulus see modulus of elasticity
direct verification see verification
2. Referenced Documents
compressive stress see stress
elastic constants see modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ratio
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma- elastic modulus see modulus of elasticity
engineering strain see strain
terials
engineering stress see stress
E796 Test Method for Ductility Testing of Metallic Foil
fracture stress see stress
3
(Withdrawn 2009) indirect verification see verification
linear (tensile or compressive) strain see strain
E1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing
macrostrain see strain
4
2.2 ISO Standard: malleability see ductility
microstrain see strain
ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 International Vocabulary of
modulus of rigidity see modulus of elasticity
metrology—Basic and general concepts and terms (VIM)
nominal stress see stress
normal stress see stress
physical properties see mechanical properties
pin see mandrel (in bend testing)
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on
plunger see mandrel (in bend testing)
Mechanical Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.91 on
principal stress see stress
Terminology except where designated otherwise. A subcommittee designation in
residual strain see strain
parentheses following a definition indicates the subcommittee with responsibility for
residual stress see stress
that definition.
Rockwell superficial see Rockwell hardness number
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2023. Published March 2023. Originally
hardness number
ɛ4
approved in 1923. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as E6 – 15 . DOI:
secant modulus see modulus of elasticity
10.1520/E0006-23.
shear strain see strain
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
5
the ASTM website. Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
6
www.astm.org. Available from BIPM - Pavillon de Breteuil F-92312 Sèvres Cedex FRANCE.
4
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de this document is available free-of-charge at https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/
Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.ch. guides/vim.html
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E6 − 23
DISCUSSION—The bending may be interrupted to examine the bent
shear stress see stress
static fatigue strength see cre
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´4
Designation: E6 − 15 E6 − 23
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Methods of Mechanical Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E6; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Editorial changes were made throughout in May 2017.
2
ε NOTE—Editorial changes were made throughout in April 2019.
3
ε NOTE—Editorial changes were made throughout in May 2020.
4
ε NOTE—Editorial changes were made throughout in May 2021.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology covers the principal terms relating to methods of mechanical testing of solids. The general definitions are
restricted and interpreted, when necessary, to make them particularly applicable and practicable for use in standards requiring or
relating to mechanical tests. These definitions are published to encourage uniformity of terminology in product specifications.
1.2 Terms relating to fatigue and fracture testing are defined in Terminology E1823.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
3
E796 Test Method for Ductility Testing of Metallic Foil (Withdrawn 2009)
E1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing
4
2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 International Vocabulary of metrology—Basic and general concepts and terms (VIM)
2.3 NIST Technical Notes:
5
NIST Technical Note 1297 Guidelines for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results
6
2.4 BIPM Standard:
JCGM 200 : International vocabulary of metrology — Basic and general concepts and associated terms (VIM).
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on Mechanical Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.91 on Terminology
except where designated otherwise. A subcommittee designation in parentheses following a definition indicates the subcommittee with responsibility for that definition.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2015Jan. 15, 2023. Published March 2016March 2023. Originally approved in 1923. Last previous edition approved in 20092015 as
ɛ1ɛ4
E6 – 09bE6 – 15 . DOI: 10.1520/E0006-15E04.10.1520/E0006-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.ch.
5
Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
6
Available from BIPM - Pavillon de Breteuil F-92312 Sèvres Cedex FRANCE. this document is available free-of-charge at https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/
vim.html
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E6 − 23
3. Index of Cross-References and Associated Definitions
3.1 The terms listed below are associated with terminology that is fundamental or commonly used. The definition for the term of
interest is related to or is given below the definition for the fundamental term cited.
Term
angular strain see strain
axial strain see strain
bending strain see strain
chord modulus see modulus of elasticity
direct verification see verification
compressive stress see stress
elastic constants see modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s
ratio
elastic modulus see modulus of elasticity
engineering strain see strain
engineering stress see stress
fracture stress see stress
indirect verification see verification
linear (tensile or compressive) strain see strain
macrostrain see strain
malleability see ductility
micros
...