ASTM B415-98(2002)

Standard Specification for Hard-Drawn Aluminum-Clad Steel Wire

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers four conductivities of bare, hard-drawn, round, aluminum-clad steel wire for general use for electrical purposes in sizes 0.2043 to 0.0808 in. incl (4 to 12 AWG) (Note 1). This specification does not apply to wires used as reinforcement in ACSR conductors. (See Specification B 502.)
Note 1—Wire ordered to this specification is not intended for redrawing. If wire is desired for this purpose, the manufacturer shall be consulted.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units may be approximate.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Mar-1998
• ICS: 77.140.65 - Steel wire, wire ropes and link chains
• ICS: 77.150.10 - Aluminium products
• Technical Committee: B01 - Electrical Conductors
• Drafting Committee: B01.06 - Bi-Metallic Conductors

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM B415-98 - Standard Specification for Hard-Drawn Aluminum-Clad Steel Wire
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1998
• Replaced By: ASTM B415-98(2007) - Standard Specification for Hard-Drawn Aluminum-Clad Steel Wire
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2007
• Referred By: ASTM B193-20 - Standard Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1998
• Referred By: ASTM B416-98(2018) - Standard Specification for Concentric-Lay-Stranded Aluminum-Clad Steel Conductors
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1998
• Referred By: ASTM B258-18 - Standard Specification for Standard Nominal Diameters and Cross-Sectional Areas of AWG Sizes of Solid Round Wires Used as Electrical Conductors
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1998

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B 415 – 98 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Specification for
Hard-Drawn Aluminum-Clad Steel Wire
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 415; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 4. Material
1.1 This specification covers four conductivities of bare, 4.1 The wire shall be composed of a steel core with a
hard-drawn, round, aluminum-clad steel wire for general use substantially uniform and continuous aluminum covering thor-
forelectricalpurposesinsizes0.2043to0.0808in.incl(4to12 oughly bonded to it. The drawn wire shall have the properties
AWG)(Note1).Thisspecificationdoesnotapplytowiresused and characteristics prescribed in this specification.
as reinforcement in ACSR conductors. (See Specification
5. Tensile Properties
B 502.)
5.1 The wire shall conform to the tensile requirements
NOTE 1—Wire ordered to this specification is not intended for redraw-
prescribed in Table 1 (Note 2). In computing tensile strength,
ing. If wire is desired for this purpose, the manufacturer shall be
the actual diameter of the finished wire shall be used.
consulted.
NOTE 2—The approximate properties of standard AWG sizes of hard-
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
drawn aluminum-clad steel wire are shown in Table 2 for the information
as the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units
of the user of this specification.
may be approximate.
5.2 Wire of a nominal diameter that exceeds a size listed in
2. Referenced Documents
Table 1 shall conform to the tensile requirements of the next
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on the larger diameter.
dateofmaterialpurchaseformapartofthisSpecificationtothe 5.3 Elongation shall be determined by an extensometer
extent referenced herein. suitable for measuring elongation in 10 in. (250 mm) and
2.2 ASTM Standards: equipped with a vernier reading to 0.01 in. (0.25 mm). It shall
B 193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor be attached to the test specimen at a tensile load of 10 % of the
Materials ratedstrength.Theelongationshallbeobservedwhileapplying
B 502 SpecificationforAluminum-CladSteelCoreWirefor a tension load to the specimen. The reading at the time of
Aluminum Conductors,Aluminum-Clad Steel Reinforced fracture shall be taken as the elongation of the specimen. The
elongation thus determined shall be not less than 1.5 % in 10
3. Ordering Information
in. Tests shall be disregarded in which the extensometer
3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
reading is less than 1.5 % and in which the fracture does not
the following information: occur between the extensometer attachments and at least 1 in.
3.1.1 Quantity and conductivity of each size,
(25.0 mm) from the two attachments. In this case another
3.1.2 Wire size: diameter in inches (see 7.1 and Table 1), sample from the same reel or coil shall be tested.
3.1.3 Method of measuring elongation if other than 5.3
5.4 When agreed upon by the manufacturer and the pur-
(optional), chaser, the elongation may be determined by measurements
3.1.4 Special package marking if required (Section 16), and
made between the jaws of the testing machine. The zero length
3.1.5 Package size (see 17.1), and shall be the distance between the jaws when a load equal to
3.1.6 Place of inspection if other than place of manufacture
10 % of the specified tensile strength shall have been applied
(Section 14). and the final length shall be the distance between the jaws at
thetimeofrupture.Thezerolengthshallbeasnear60in.(1.52
m) as practicable. The elongation thus determined shall be not
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B01 on
lessthan1.4 %.Testsinwhichtheelongationislessthan1.4 %
Electrical Conductors and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B01.06 on
Composite Conductors.
and in which the fracture occurs at or within 1 in. (25.4 mm)
CurrenteditionapprovedMarch10,1998.PublishedSeptember1998.Originally
of the jaws shall be disregarded. In this case another sample
published as B415 – 64 T. Last previous edition B415 –92.
2 from the same reel or coil shall be tested.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.03.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
B 415 – 98 (2002)
TABLE 1 Tensile Requirements
20 % 27 % 30 % 40 %
Nominal Size,
Diameter, in. AWG
psi MPa psi MPa psi MPa psi MPa
0.2043 4 155 000 1070 125 000 862 102 000 703 80 000 552
0.1880 160 000 1100 129 000 889 106 000 731 84 000 579
0.1819 5 165 000 1140 133 000 917 110 000 758 88 000 607
0.1729 170 000 1170 137 000 945 114 000 786 92 000 634
0.1620 6 175 000 1210 141 000 972 114 000 786 96 000 662
0.1549 180 000 1240 145 000 1000 118 000 814 96 000 662
0.1443 7 185 000 1280 150 000 1034 122 000 841 98 000 676
0.1369 190 000 1310 154 000 1062 126 000 869 98 000 676
0.1285 8 195 000 1340 156 000 1076 128 000 883 99 500 686
0.1144 9 195 000 1340 156 000 1076 128 000 883 99 500 686
0.1019 10 195 000 1340 156 000 1076 128 000 883 99 500 686
0.0907 11 195 000 1340 156 000 1076 128 000 883 99 500 686
0.0808 12 195 000 1340 156 000 1076 128 000 883 99 500 686
TABLE 2 Physical Constants TABLE 3 Wire Diameter Variations
Temperature Permissible Variations in
% Density at Modulus of Coef. of Linear
Coef. of Specified Diameter, in. Specified Diameter,
Conductivity 20°C Elasticity psi Exp.
Resistance plus and minus
0.2043 to 0.1000, incl 1.5 %
3 6
20.3 0.2381 lb/in 23.5 3 10 0.0000072/°F 0.0020/°F
0.1000 to 0.0800, incl 0.0015 in. (1.5 mils) (0.038 mm)
(6.590 g/cm ) (162 GPa) (0.0000126/ (0.0036/°C)
°C)
3 6
27 0.2135 lb/in 20.3 3 10 0.0000077/°F 0.0020/°F
(5.91 g/cm ) (140 GPa) (0.0000134/ (0.0036/°C)
7.3 If accessible, one diameter measurement shall be taken
°C)
3 6
30 0.2027 lb/in 19.1 3 10 0.0000079/°F 0.0021/°F near each end and one near the middle of the coil or reel. In the
(5.61 g/cm ) (132 GPa) (0.0000138/ (0.0038/°C)
case of reels, the center and one end may not be accessible and
°C)
3 6
the prescribed diameter measurement shall be taken along the
40 0.1676 lb/in 15.8 3 10 0.0000089/°F 0.0022/°F
(4.64 g/cm ) (109 GPa) (0.0000155/ (0.0040/°C)
length of the accessible material. If any of the selected coils or
°C)
reels fail to conform to the requirements for diameter as
prescribed in 7.2, all coils or reels shall be measured in the
manner specified.
6. Resistance
8. Thickness of Aluminum
6.1 The electrical resistance of the wire (Note 2 and Note 3)
8.1 The aluminum thickness at any point shall be not less
shall be determined by resistance measurements and maximum
than stated in Table 4. Measurements shall be read to the
resistance shall be based on the nominal diameter of the wire
closest 0.001 in. (0.025 mm). In determining the required or
and the resistivity value of:
measured thickness, 0.0005 in. (0.013 mm) or less shall be
51.01 V·cmil/ft at 20°C for 20.3 % Conductivity
dropped. For greater than 0.0005 in., the next larger 0.001 in.,
38.41V·cmil/ft at 20°C for 27 % Conductivity
34.57 V·cmil/ft at 20°C for 30 % Conductivity
shall be used. Measurements shall be made by (a) using
25.93 V·cmil/ft at 20°C for 40 % Conductivity
suitable electrical indicating instruments operating on the
NOTE 3—Electrical resistance is calculated by the following equation:
permeameter principle, or (b) direct measurement. For referee
purposes, direct measurement shall be used to determine
Resistance, V/ft 5 Resistivity ~V·cmil/ft!/
aluminum thickness on specimens taken from the ends of the
~nominal diameter, mils!
coils.
6.2 When resistance measurements are made at tempera-
tures other than 20°C, corrections shall be based on the
9. Twist Test
corresponding temperature coefficient of resistance shown in
9.1 The wire shall withs
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