ASTM A451/A451M-06(2010)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard for centrifugally cast austenitic alloy steel pipe for use in high-temperature, corrosive, or nuclear pressure service. The pipe shall receive a heat treatment at the required temperature and holding time followed by quenching in water or rapid cool by other means. The pipe shall be machined on the inner and outer surfaces and shall conform to specified roughness value. Heat and product analysis shall be done to determine the chemical composition and shall conform to the required carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, columbium, tantalum, and nitrogen contents. Hydrostatic and tension tests shall be performed and shall conform to the required tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers austenitic alloy steel pipe for use in high-temperature, corrosive, or nuclear pressure service.
1.2 Several grades of austenitic stainless steel are covered as indicated in Table 1.
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided when additional testing may be required.
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Designation:A451/A451M −06(Reapproved 2010)
Standard Specification for
Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-
1
Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA451/A451M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* E165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General
2 Industry
1.1 This specification covers austenitic alloy steel pipe for
1
E186 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 4 ⁄2-in.
use in high-temperature, corrosive, or nuclear pressure service.
(50.8 to 114-mm)) Steel Castings
1.2 Severalgradesofausteniticstainlesssteelarecoveredas
1
E280 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (4 ⁄2 to 12-
indicated in Table 1.
in. (114 to 305-mm)) Steel Castings
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided E446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in.
(50.8 mm) in Thickness
when additional testing may be required.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units 2.2 ANSI Standard:
4
B46.1 Surface Texture
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
systemarenotexactlyequivalents;therefore,eachsystemmust 3. Ordering Information
be used independently of each other. Combining values from
3.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include the
the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
following, as required, to describe the desired material ad-
specification.
equately:
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
NOTE 1—This specification is not intended to cover centrifugal pipe
made from alloys containing more than 0.20 % carbon, such as are
3.1.2 Name of material (centrifugally cast pipe),
covered by Specification A297/A297M.
3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
3.1.4 Size (outside or inside diameter and minimum wall
2. Referenced Documents
thickness in inches or millimetres),
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.5 Length (specific or random, Specification A999/
A297/A297M Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-
A999M),
Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant,
3.1.6 End Finish of Specification A999/A999M,
for General Application
3.1.7 Optional Requirements (9.4 and Supplementary Re-
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
quirements S1 through S7),
of Steel Products
3.1.8 Test Report Required (Section 14), and
A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for
3.1.9 Special Requirements or Additions to Specification.
Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
4. Materials and Manufacture
Determine Conformance with Specifications
4.1 Heat-Treatment—The pipe shall receive a heat-
E94 Guide for Radiographic Examination
treatment at the temperature and time specified in Table 2,
followed by a quench in water or rapid cool by other means.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
4.2 Machining—The pipe shall be machined on the inner
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
and outer surfaces to a roughness value no greater than
A01.18 on Castings.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published December 2010. Originally
250-µin. [6.35-µm] arithmetical average deviation (AA) from
approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as A451/A451M – 06.
the mean line, as defined in American National Standard
DOI: 10.1520/A0451_A0451M-06R10.
B46.1.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related specifica-
tion SA-451 in Section II of that Code.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A451/A451M−06 (2010)
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
Car- Man- Phos- Sul- Sili- Tan-
bon, ga- pho- fur, con, Molybde- ta-
Grade Nickel Chromium Columbium Nitrogen
max nese, rus, max max num lum,
max max max
CPF3 0.03 1.50 0.040 0.040 2.00 8.0–12.0 17.0–21.0 . . . .
CPF3A 0.03 1.50 0.040 0.040 2.00 8.0–12.0 17.0–21.0 . . . .
CPF8 0.08 1.50 0.040 0.040 2.00 8.0–11.0 18.0–21.0 . . . .
CPF8A 0.08 1.50 0.040 0.040 2.00 8.0–11
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A451/A451M–06 Designation: A451/A451M – 06 (Reapproved 2010)
Standard Specification for
Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-
1
Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA451/A451M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This specification covers austenitic alloy steel pipe for use in high-temperature, corrosive, or nuclear pressure service.
1.2 Several grades of austenitic stainless steel are covered as indicated in Table 1.
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided when additional testing may be required.
1.4 Thevaluesstatedineitherinch-poundunitsorSIunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Withinthetext,theSIunits
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exactly equivalents; therefore, each system must be used
independently of each other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
NOTE 1—This specification is not intended to cover centrifugal pipe made from alloys containing more than 0.20 % carbon, such as are covered by
Specification A297/A297M.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A297/A297M Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General
Application
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E94 Guide for Radiographic Examination
E165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General Industry
E186 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 412-in. (50.8 to 114-mm)) Steel Castings
E280 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (412 to 12-in. (114 to 305-mm)) Steel Castings
E446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) in Thickness
2.2 ANSI Standard:
4
B46.1 Surface Texture
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include the following, as required, to describe the desired material adequately:
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
3.1.2 Name of material (centrifugally cast pipe),
3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
3.1.4 Size (outside or inside diameter and minimum wall thickness in inches or millimetres),
3.1.5 Length (specific or random, Specification A999/A999M),
3.1.6 End Finish of Specification A999/A999M,
3.1.7 Optional Requirements (9.4 and Supplementary Requirements S1 through S7),
3.1.8 Test Report Required (Section 14), and
3.1.9 Special Requirements or Additions to Specification.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.18
on Castings.
Current edition approved Sept.Oct. 1, 2006.2010. Published September 2006.December 2010. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 20022006
as A451/A451M – 026. DOI: 10.1520/A0451_A0451M-06R10.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related specification SA-451 in Section II of that Code.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A451/A451M – 06 (2010)
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
Car- Man- Phos- Sul- Sili- Tan-
bon, ga- pho- fur, con, Molybde- ta-
Grade Nickel Chromium Columbium Nitrogen
max nese, rus, max max num lum,
max max max
CPF3 0.03 1.50 0.040 0.040 2.00 8.0–12.0 17.0–21.0 . . . .
CPF3A 0.03 1.50 0.040 0.040 2.00 8.0–12.0 17.0–21.0 . . . .
CPF8 0.08 1.50 0.040 0.040 2.00 8.0–11.0 18.0–21.0 . . . .
CPF8A 0.08 1.50 0.040 0.040 2.00 8.0–11.0 18.0–21.0 . . . .
CPF3M 0.03 1.50 0.040 0.040 1.50 9.0–13.0 17.0–21.0 2.0–3.0 . . .
CPF8M 0.08 1.50
...
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