ASTM C279-10

Standard Specification for Chemical-Resistant Masonry Units

ABSTRACT
This specification covers chemical-resistant masonry units, specifically, solid kiln fired bricks and tiles made from clay, shale, or mixtures thereof, suitable for indoor and outdoor use in masonry construction subjected to chemical environments. The bricks and tiles are considered to be of three types as follows: Type I, for use where low absorption and high acid resistance are not major factors; Type II, for use where lower absorption and higher acid resistance are required; and Type III, for use where minimum absorption and maximum acid resistance are required. The masonry units shall undergo tests and adhere accordingly to the following physical and chemical requirements: water absorption, warpage, surface texture, size and dimension, flexural strength, modulus of rupture, sulfuric acid solubility, and percent weight loss.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The brick and tile covered herein are intended essentially for use in chemical environments where resistance to thermal shock may or may not be a consideration. The brick and tile are normally used with chemical-resistant mortars.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers solid, kiln fired brick and tile made from clay, shale, or mixtures thereof, suitable for indoor and outdoor use in masonry construction subjected to chemical environments (see Terminology C1232).
1.2 The physical and chemical properties of brick and tile differ from supplier to supplier, mainly because their composition is determined by the source of raw materials. Regardless of the differences, brick and tile are considered to be of three types as follows:
1.2.1 Type I—For use where low absorption and high acid resistance are not major factors.
1.2.2 Type II—For use where lower absorption and higher acid resistance are required.
1.2.3 Type III—For use where minimum absorption and maximum acid resistance are required.  
Note 1—Types I, II, and III may not differ significantly in thermal shock resistance. The suitability of a given brick, for a particular application should be determined at the time of purchase by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
Note 2—Types I and III were formerly designated Type “H'' and “L'' respectively.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2010
• ICS: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
• Technical Committee: C15 - Manufactured Masonry Units
• Drafting Committee: C15.02 - Brick and Structural Clay Tile

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM C279-12 - Standard Specification for Chemical-Resistant Masonry Units
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C279 −10
StandardSpecification for
1
Chemical-Resistant Masonry Units
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* C20 Test Methods for Apparent Porosity, Water Absorption,
Apparent Specific Gravity, and Bulk Density of Burned
1.1 This specification covers solid, kiln fired brick and tile
Refractory Brick and Shapes by Boiling Water
made from clay, shale, or mixtures thereof, suitable for indoor
C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and
and outdoor use in masonry construction subjected to chemical
Structural Clay Tile
environments (see Terminology C1232).
C397 Practice for Use of Chemically Setting Chemical-
1.2 The physical and chemical properties of brick and tile
Resistant Silicate and Silica Mortars
differ from supplier to supplier, mainly because their compo-
C723 Practice for Chemical-Resistant Resin Grouts for
sition is determined by the source of raw materials. Regardless
Brick or Tile
of the differences, brick and tile are considered to be of three
C1232 Terminology of Masonry
types as follows:
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
1.2.1 Type I—For use where low absorption and high acid
Sieves
resistance are not major factors.
1.2.2 Type II—For use where lower absorption and higher
3. Physical Properties
acid resistance are required.
1.2.3 Type III—For use where minimum absorption and
3.1 Strength—The brick and tile when tested in accordance
maximum acid resistance are required.
with Test Methods C67 shall conform to the requirements for
modulus of rupture (flexural strength) for the type specified, as
NOTE 1—Types I, II, and III may not differ significantly in thermal
prescribed in Table 1.
shock resistance. The suitability of a given brick, for a particular
application should be determined at the time of purchase by agreement
3.2 Water Absorption—The brick and tile when tested in
between the purchaser and the supplier.
accordance with Test Methods C20 shall conform to the
NOTE 2—Types I and III were formerly designated Type “H’’ and “L’’
respectively.
requirements for water absorption (based on the 2 h boil) for
the type specified, as prescribed in Table 1.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.3 Sizes—The sizes of the brick and tile shall be as
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
specified by the purchaser. The length, width, and depth
and are not considered standard.
measurements of the brick or tile shall be within 63 % of the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
specified dimensions when tested in accordance with Test
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Methods C67.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.4 Warpage—The brick and tile when tested in accordance
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
with Test Methods C67 shall conform to the requirements as
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
shown in Table 2.(Warning—The above tolerances may not
2. Referenced Documents
be consistent with the recommended mortar joint sizes con-
2
tained in Practices C397 and C723. If brick or tile with tighter
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tolerances than those described in 3.3 or 3.4 are required, the
purchaser shall negotiate such requirements with the manufac-
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
turer.)
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C15.02 on Brick and Structural Clay Tile.
3.5 Surface Textures—Brick or tile surfaces should be tex-
Current edition approved June 1, 2010. Published June 2010. Originally
tured in order to promote better bonding. Texturing may be
approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C279 – 88 (2007).
DOI: 10.1520/C0279-10.
accomplished by scoring, wire cutting, matting, or other means
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
consistent with a manufacturer’s process. If texturing is done,
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
the protrusion or indentation shall not exceed ⁄8 in. (3 mm) in
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. depth.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C279–88(Reapproved 2007) Designation: C279 – 10
Standard Specification for
1
Chemical-Resistant Masonry Units
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1This specification covers solid, kiln fired brick and tile made from clay, shale, or mixtures thereof, suitable for indoor and
outdoor use in masonry construction subjected to chemical environments. *
1.1 This specification covers solid, kiln fired brick and tile made from clay, shale, or mixtures thereof, suitable for indoor and
outdoor use in masonry construction subjected to chemical environments (see Terminology C1232).
1.2 The physical and chemical properties of brick and tile differ from supplier to supplier, mainly because their composition is
determined by the source of raw materials. Regardless of the differences, brick and tile are considered to be of three types as
follows:
1.2.1 Type I—For use where low absorption and high acid resistance are not major factors.
1.2.2 Type II—For use where lower absorption and higher acid resistance are required.
1.2.3 Type III—For use where minimum absorption and maximum acid resistance are required.
NOTE 1—Types I, II, and III may not differ significantly in thermal shock resistance. The suitability of a given brick, for a particular application should
be determined at the time of purchase by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
NOTE 2—Types I and III were formerly designated Type “H’’ and “L’’ respectively.
1.3The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C20 Test Methods forApparent Porosity, WaterAbsorption,Apparent Specific Gravity, and Bulk Density of Burned Refractory
Brick and Shapes by Boiling Water
C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile
C397 Practice for Use of Chemically Setting Chemical-Resistant Silicate and Silica Mortars
C723 Practice for Chemical-Resistant Resin Grouts for Brick or Tile
C1232 Terminology of Masonry
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
3. Physical Properties
3.1 Strength—The brick and tile when tested in accordance with Test Methods C67 shall conform to the requirements for
modulus of rupture (flexural strength) for the type specified, as prescribed in Table 1.
3.2 WaterAbsorption—The brick and tile when tested in accordance with Test Methods C20 shall conform to the requirements
for water absorption (based on the 2 h boil) for the type specified, as prescribed in Table 1.
3.3 Sizes—The sizes of the brick and tile shall be as specified by the purchaser. The length, width, and depth measurements of
the brick or tile shall be within 63 % of the specified dimensions when tested in accordance with Test Methods C67.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.02 on Brick
and Structural Clay Tile.
Current edition approved June 1, 2007.2010. Published July 2007.June 2010. Originally approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 20012007 as C279 – 88
(2001).(2007). DOI: 10.1520/C0279-88R07.10.1520/C0279-10.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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C279 – 10
TABLE 1 Physical and Chemical Requi
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