ASTM C586-99
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Carbonate Rocks for Concrete Aggregates (Rock Cylinder Method)
Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Carbonate Rocks for Concrete Aggregates (Rock Cylinder Method)
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the expansive characteristics of carbonate rocks while immersed in a solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at room temperature. The length changes occurring during such immersion indicate the general level of reactivity of rocks and whether tests should be made to determine the effect of aggregate prepared from the rocks upon the volume change in concrete.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C586–99
Standard Test Method for
Potential Alkali Reactivity of Carbonate Rocks as Concrete
Aggregates (Rock-Cylinder Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C586; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the expan- 3.1 Small rock cylinders are immersed in a solution of
sion of a specimen of carbonate rock while immersed in a NaOH except when removed for determination of length
solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at room temperature. change. The length change of each specimen is periodically
The length changes occurring during such immersion indicate determined.
the general level of reactivity of the rock and whether tests
4. Significance and Use
should be made to determine the effect of aggregate prepared
from the rock upon the volume change in concrete. 4.1 This test method is intended to give a relatively rapid
indication of the potential expansive reactivity of certain
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the carbonate rocks that may be used as concrete aggregates. The
test method has been successfully used in (1) research and (2)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- preliminary screening of aggregate sources to indicate the
presence of material with a potential for deleterious expansion
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the when used in concrete.
4.2 The test method is intended as a research and screening
standard.The inch-pound units in parentheses are provided for
information only. method rather than as the basis of a specification requirement.
It is intended to supplement data from field service records,
2. Referenced Documents
petrographicexaminationsaccordingtoGuideC295,andtests
2.1 ASTM Standards: of aggregate in concrete according to Test Method C1105.
C294 Descriptive Nomenclature for Constituents of Natu- 4.3 Alkalies participating in the expansive reactions with
ral Mineral Aggregates aggregate constituents in concrete usually are derived from the
C295 Guide for Petrographic Examination of Aggregates hydraulic cement; under certain circumstances they may be
for Concrete derived from other constituents of concrete or from external
C1105 Test Method for Length Change of Concrete Due to sources. Two types of alkali reactivity of aggregates are
Alkali-Carbonate Rock Reaction recognized:(1)alkali-silicareactioninvolvingcertainsiliceous
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates rocks, minerals, and artificial glasses, and (2) alkali carbonate
D1248 SpecificationforPolyethylenePlasticsMoldingand reaction involving dolomite in certain calcitic dolomites, do-
Extrusion Materials lomitic limestones, and dolostones (see Terminology C294).
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in This test method is not suitable as a means to detect alkali-
ASTM Test Methods silica reaction.
5. Apparatus and Reagents
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC-9onConcrete
5.1 1 N Sodium Hydroxide Solution—Dissolve 40 61gof
and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.26
reagent-grade sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in distilled water,
on Chemical Reactions.
dilute to 1 L and store in a polyethylene bottle.
Current edition approved June 10, 1999. Published July 1999. Originally
published as C586–66T. Last previous edition C586–92.
5.2 Sawing, Drilling, and Grinding Equipment, suitable for
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
preparing test specimens of the dimensions given in Section 7.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.
This will require one or more rock saws, depending upon the
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. size of the original sample, a drill press equipped with a small
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
C586–99
diamond core barrel for removing the cylindrical core, and a meetingtherequirementsofSpecificationD1248formaterials
lap, grinder, or suitable modified lathe for shaping the ends of of Type III, Class A, are suitable.
the specimens. 5.4 Length Comparator, for convenient and rapid measure-
5.3 Storage Bottles, approximately 50 to 100-mL capacity ment of lengths of specimens, the comparator shall be of such
with caps and openings of sufficient size to facilitate removal design as to provide, permit, or include the following charac-
of specimens. The polyethylene bottle shall be selected to teristics. One type of comparator which has been found
ensure that the solution will not be modified by reaction with satisfactory is shown in Fig. 1.
the material composing the container, including pigments or 5.4.1 A positive means of contact with the conical ends of
other additives or by transpiration of phases through the walls the specimen to ensure reproducible measurement of length.A
of the container. Bottles with wall thickness not less than 0.50 variety of contact points have been used successfully. Care
mm (0.020 in.) and composed of high density polyethylene should be exercised to ensure that when using specimens with
FIG. 1 A Typical Length Comparator
C586–99
conical ends as described in 7.3, contact is made on the end 7. Test Specimens
along a circle which is concentric about the long axis of the
7.1 Test specimens shall be in the form of right circular
specimen. If the measuring device is a barrel micrometer, it
cylinders with conical or plane parallel ends, unless otherwise
shall have a ratchet stop to produce a constant pressure on the
specified. Square prismatic specimens may be used provided
specimen,
theover-alldimensionsoflengthanddistancebetweenparallel
5.4.2 A high-grade barrel or dial micrometer graduated to
faces approximate the corresponding dimensions for the test
read in 0.001 or 0.002–mm (0.0001–in.) units, and accurate
specimen.
within 0.002 mm (0.0001 in.) in any 0.020–mm (0.0010–in.)
7.2 The specimen shall have an over-all length of 356 5
range, and within 0.004 mm (0.0002 in.) in any 0.200–mm
mm(1.38 60.20in.)andadiameterof9 61mm(0.35 60.04
(0.0100–in.) range.The measuring device should be calibrated
in.).Careshallbeexercisedinthepreparationofthespecimens
throughoutitsrangetodeterminebothperiodicandcumulative
to avoid alteration of the cylindrical surface by polishing or
errors for proper correction of observed data.
with materials which will affect the rate of entry of alkali
5.4.3 Asufficientrangetoallowforsmalldifferencesamong
solution into the rock.
gage lengths of various specimens. If care is taken in the
7.3 Theincludedangleoftheconicalendsshallbeapproxi-
fabrication of the specimens, a measuring device with a travel
mately 120°.
of not less than 7.5 mm (0.3 in.) provides ample range in the
7.4 Fabricate specimens having flat–end faces in such a
instrument, and
mannerastoensurethatthefacesareparalleltoeachotherand
5.4.4 Astandard or reference shall be used for checking the perpendicular to the major axis of the specimen (see Note 2).
measuring device at regular intervals. The bar that serves as a
NOTE 2—End faces parallel to each other and perpendicular to the
reference for the length comparator shall have an over-all
majoraxisofthespecimencanbemadebyturningthespecimeninasmall
length of 35 6 2 mm (1.38 6 0.08 in.) The length of the bar
lathe and using tool steel to cut the ends.
shall be known to an accuracy of 0.002 mm (0.0001 in.). The
8. Procedure
bar shall be fused silica or a steel alloy having a coefficient of
−6
thermal expansion not greater than 1.0 310 °C. Each end
8.1 Placeapositionmarkonthespecimentopermitplacing
shall be machined to the same shape as that of the rock
the specimen in the comparator in the same position during
specimens. If a steel alloy is used, it shall be polished (See
subsequent measurements.
Note 1). The reference bar shall be placed in the instrument in
8.2 Measure the length of the test specimen.
thesamepositioneachtimealengthmeasurementismade.The
8.3 Immerse the specimen in distilled water at a room
micrometersettingofthemeasuringdeviceshallbecheckedby
temperature in the range of 20 to 27.5°C (68 to 81.5°F).
useofthereferencebaratleastatthebeginningandendofthe
8.4 At inter
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.