ASTM D696-03

Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion of Plastics Between -30&#176C and 30&#176C With a Vitreous Silica Dilatometer

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the coefficient of linear thermal expansion for plastic materials having coefficients of expansion greater than 1 x 106 1°C by use of a vitreous silica dilatometer. At the test temperatures and under the stresses imposed, the plastic materials shall have a negligible creep or elastic strain rate or both, insofar as these properties would significantly affect the accuracy of the measurements.
Note 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.
1.1.1 Test Method E 228 shall be used for temperatures other than 30°C to 30°C.
1.1.2 This test method shall not be used for measurements on materials having a very low coefficient of expansion (less than 1 x 10 6 1°C). For materials having very low coefficient of expansion, interferometer or capacitance techniques are recommended.
1.2 The thermal expansion of a plastic is composed of a reversible component on which are superimposed changes in length due to changes in moisture content, curing, loss of plasticizer or solvents, release of stresses, phase changes and other factors. This test method is intended for determining the coefficient of linear thermal expansion under the exclusion of these factors as far as possible. In general, it will not be possible to exclude the effect of these factors completely. For this reason, the test method can be expected to give only an approximation to the true thermal expansion.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Apr-2003
• ICS: 83.080.01 - Plastics in general
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.30 - Thermal Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D696-98 - Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion of Plastics Between -30&#176C and 30&#176C With a Vitreous Silica Dilatometer
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Replaced By: ASTM D696-08 - Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion of Plastics Between -30&#176C and 30&#176C With a Vitreous Silica Dilatometer
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D4101-17e1 - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Polypropylene Injection and Extrusion Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D710-19 - Standard Specification for Vulcanized Fibre Sheets, Rolls, Rods, and Tubes Used for Electrical Insulation
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F3319-20 - Standard Specification for Selection and Application of Field-Installed Cryogenic Pipe and Equipment Insulation Systems on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)-Fueled Ships
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D229-19e1 - Standard Test Methods for Rigid Sheet and Plate Materials Used for Electrical Insulation
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM E228-22 - Standard Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials With a Push-Rod Dilatometer
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F2855-19 - Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)/Aluminum/Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC-AL-CPVC) Composite Pressure Tubing
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F3459-21 - Standard Specification for Rigid Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) Exterior Profiles Used for Sound Walls
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F1499-22 - Standard Specification for Coextruded Composite Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe (DWV)
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM E831-19 - Standard Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials by Thermomechanical Analysis
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D3678-19 - Standard Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Interior-Profile Extrusions
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D6455-11(2018) - Standard Guide for the Selection of Test Methods for Prefabricated Bituminous Geomembranes (PBGMs)
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM E289-17 - Standard Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Rigid Solids with Interferometry
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F1488-14(2019) - Standard Specification for Coextruded Composite Pipe
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 696 – 03
Standard Test Method for
Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion of Plastics
1
Between −30°C and 30°C with a Vitreous Silica Dilatometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 696; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This test method covers determination of the coefficient 2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
of linear thermal expansion for plastic materials having coef- D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
−6
2
ficients of expansion greater than 1 310 1°C by use of a D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
vitreous silica dilatometer. At the test temperatures and under D4065 Practice for Determining and Reporting Dynamic
3
the stresses imposed, the plastic materials shall have a negli- Mechanical Properties of Plastics
gible creep or elastic strain rate or both, insofar as these E228 Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid
4
properties would significantly affect the accuracy of the mea- Materials with a Vitreous Silica Dilatometer
surements. E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
4
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
NOTE 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.
E831 Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid
4
1.1.1 Test Method E228 shall be used for temperatures
Materials by Thermomechanical Analysis
other than −30°C to 30°C.
1.1.2 This test method shall not be used for measurements 3. Terminology
on materials having a very low coefficient of expansion (less
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
−6
than 1 310 1°C). For materials having very low coefficient
nology D883 unless otherwise specified.
of expansion, interferometer or capacitance techniques are
4. Summary of Test Method
recommended.
1.2 The thermal expansion of a plastic is composed of a
4.1 This test method is intended to provide a means of
reversible component on which are superimposed changes in
determining the coefficient of linear thermal expansion of
length due to changes in moisture content, curing, loss of
plastics which are not distorted or indented by the thrust of the
plasticizer or solvents, release of stresses, phase changes and
dilatometer on the specimen. For materials that indent, see 8.4.
other factors. This test method is intended for determining the
The specimen is placed at the bottom of the outer dilatometer
coefficient of linear thermal expansion under the exclusion of
tube with the inner one resting on it. The measuring device
these factors as far as possible. In general, it will not be
which is firmly attached to the outer tube is in contact with the
possible to exclude the effect of these factors completely. For
top of the inner tube and indicates variations in the length of
this reason, the test method can be expected to give only an
the specimen with changes in temperature. Temperature
approximation to the true thermal expansion.
changes are brought about by immersing the outer tube in a
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
liquid bath or other controlled temperature environment main-
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
tained at the desired temperature.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1 The coefficient of linear thermal expansion, a, between
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
temperatures T and T for a specimen whose length is L at
1 2 0
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the reference temperature, is given by the following equation:
a5 L 2 L !/[L T 2T ! 5DL/L DT
~ ~ #
2 1 0 2 1 0
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties
2
(Section D20.30.07). Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
3
Current edition approved April 10, 2003. Published June 2003. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.
4
approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D696–98. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D 696–03
where L and L are the specimen lengths at temperatures
...