ASTM E305-13

Standard Practice for Establishing and Controlling Atomic Emission Spectrochemical Analytical Curves

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is intended as a fundamental guide for the calibration, standardization, and daily control of the analytical curves for atomic emission spectrometers.  
5.2 It is assumed that this practice will be used by trained operators capable of performing the procedures described herein.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers guidance for establishing and controlling atomic emission spectrochemical analytical curves. The generation of analytical curves and their routine control are considered as separate although interrelated operations. This practice is applicable to atomic emission spectrometers.Note 1—X-ray emission spectrometric applications are no longer covered by this practice. See Guides E1361 and E1621 for discussion of this technique.  
1.1.1 Since computer programs are readily available to run multiple linear regressions that can be used to generate analytical curves and since most instruments include this feature, this practice does not go into detail on the procedure. However, some recommendations are given on evaluating the equations that are generated.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2013
• ICS: 71.040.50 - Physicochemical methods of analysis
• Technical Committee: E01 - Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
• Drafting Committee: E01.20 - Fundamental Practices

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E305 − 13
Standard Practice for
Establishing and Controlling Atomic Emission
1
Spectrochemical Analytical Curves
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E305; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to
1.1 This practice covers guidance for establishing and
Terminology E135.
controlling atomic emission spectrochemical analytical curves.
The generation of analytical curves and their routine control
4. Summary of Practice
are considered as separate although interrelated operations.
4.1 Systematic and random errors that occur in obtaining
This practice is applicable to atomic emission spectrometers.
data are reviewed. Background corrections are considered as
NOTE 1—X-ray emission spectrometric applications are no longer
well as interferences from other elements. Calibration,
covered by this practice. See Guides E1361 and E1621 for discussion of
standardization, and verification procedures are discussed,
this technique.
including the use of reference materials and the generation of
1.1.1 Since computer programs are readily available to run
data. A basis is given for evaluating second, third, and higher
multiple linear regressions that can be used to generate
degree analytical curves.
analytical curves and since most instruments include this
5. Significance and Use
feature, this practice does not go into detail on the procedure.
However, some recommendations are given on evaluating the
5.1 This practice is intended as a fundamental guide for the
equations that are generated.
calibration, standardization, and daily control of the analytical
curves for atomic emission spectrometers.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 5.2 It is assumed that this practice will be used by trained
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- operators capable of performing the procedures described
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- herein.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6. Precautions
2. Referenced Documents 6.1 Potential Errors:
6.1.1 Bias Because of Incorrect Calibration—In the proce-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
dure for quantitative spectrochemical analysis, the initial gen-
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
eration of the analytical curve relates element composition or
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
relative composition to spectral intensity or intensity ratio.The
E1329 Practice for Verification and Use of Control Charts in
accuracy of the calibration may be affected by a number of
Spectrochemical Analysis
factors, such as incorrect values for element compositions,
E1361 Guide for Correction of Interelement Effects in
heterogeneity of the reference materials, spectral interferences,
X-Ray Spectrometric Analysis
and matrix effects. These factors may cause a shift in the
E1621 Guide for X-Ray Emission Spectrometric Analysis
analytical curve, thereby leading to bias in the analytical data
generated. It is the user’s responsibility to apply calibration
models designed to evaluate the effect of, and mathematically
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical
correct for, spectral interferences and matrix effects.
Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
6.1.1.1 Calibration bias because of incorrect element con-
Subcommittee E01.20 on Fundamental Practices.
centrations are minimized by the use of certified reference
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2013.PublishedJuly2013.Originallyapproved
materials. These calibrants may be augmented with one or
in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as E305 – 07. DOI: 10.1520/
E0305-13.
more other reference materials for which the chemical compo-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
sitionshavebeencarefullydeterminedbyapprovedmethodsof
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
analysis, such as ASTM or BSI (British Standards Institute).
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. The inclusion of production materials analyzed by independent
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E305 − 13
methods permits determining whether bias exists because of 7.1.1 Background Correction—Methods of backgr
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E305 − 07 E305 − 13
Standard Practice for
Establishing and Controlling Atomic Emission
1
Spectrochemical Analytical Curves
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E305; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice providescovers guidance for establishing and controlling atomic emission spectrochemical analytical curves.
The generation of analytical curves and their routine control are considered as separate although interrelated operations. This
practice is applicable to atomic emission spectrometers.
NOTE 1—X-ray emission spectrometric applications are no longer covered by this practice. See Guides E1361 and E1621 for discussion of this
technique.
1.1.1 Since computer programs are readily available to run multiple linear regressions that can be used to generate analytical
curves and since most instruments include this feature, this practice does not go into detail on the procedure. However, some
recommendations are given on evaluating the equations that are generated.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E1329 Practice for Verification and Use of Control Charts in Spectrochemical Analysis
E1361 Guide for Correction of Interelement Effects in X-Ray Spectrometric Analysis
E1621 Guide for X-Ray Emission Spectrometric Analysis
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to Terminology E135.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 Systematic and random errors that occur in obtaining data are reviewed. Background corrections are considered as well as
interferences from other elements. Calibration, standardization, and verification procedures are discussed, including the use of
reference materials and the generation of data. A basis is given for evaluating second, third, and higher degree analytical curves.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This practice is intended as a fundamental guide for the calibration, standardization, and daily control of the analytical
curves for atomic emission spectrometers.
5.2 It is assumed that this practice will be used by trained operators capable of performing the procedures described herein.
6. Precautions
6.1 Potential Errors:
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E01.20 on Fundamental Practices.
Current edition approved June 1, 2007June 1, 2013. Published June 2007July 2013. Originally approved in 1966. Discontinued March 2004 and reinstated as
ε1
E305 – 07.Last previous edition approved in 19942007 as E305 – 89 (1994)E305 – 07. . DOI: 10.1520/E0305-07.10.1520/E0305-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E305 − 13
6.1.1 Bias Because of Incorrect Calibration—In the procedure for quantitative spectrochemical analysis, the initial generation
of the analytical curve relates element concentrationcomposition or relative concentrationcomposition to spectral intensity or
intensity ratio. The accuracy of the calibration may be affected by a number of factors, such as incorrect values for element
concentrations,compositions, heterogeneity of the reference materials, spectral interferences, and matrix effects. These factors may
cause a shift in the analytical curve, thereby leading to bias in the analytical data generated. It is the user’s responsibility to apply
calibration models designed to evaluate the effect of, and mathematically correct for, spectral interferences and matrix effects.
6.1.1.1 Calibration bias because of incorrect element concentr
...