ASTM E6-15

Standard Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers the principal terms relating to methods of mechanical testing of solids. The general definitions are restricted and interpreted, when necessary, to make them particularly applicable and practicable for use in standards requiring or relating to mechanical tests. These definitions are published to encourage uniformity of terminology in product specifications.  
1.2 Terms relating to fatigue and fracture testing are defined in Terminology E1823.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2015
• ICS: 01.040.19 - Testing (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 19.060 - Mechanical testing
• Technical Committee: E28 - Mechanical Testing
• Drafting Committee: E28.91 - Terminology

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E6 −15
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Methods of Mechanical Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E6; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Index of Cross-References and Associated Definitions
1.1 This terminology covers the principal terms relating to
3.1 The terms listed below are associated with terminology
methods of mechanical testing of solids. The general defini-
that is fundamental or commonly used. The definition for the
tions are restricted and interpreted, when necessary, to make
termofinterestisrelatedtoorisgivenbelowthedefinitionfor
them particularly applicable and practicable for use in stan-
the fundamental term cited.
dards requiring or relating to mechanical tests. These defini-
Term
tions are published to encourage uniformity of terminology in
angular strain see strain
product specifications.
axial strain see strain
bending strain see strain
1.2 Termsrelatingtofatigueandfracturetestingaredefined
chord modulus see modulus of elasticity
direct verification see verification
in Terminology E1823.
compressive stress see stress
elastic constants see modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s
2. Referenced Documents
ratio
2 elastic modulus see modulus of elasticity
2.1 ASTM Standards:
engineering strain see strain
E8/E8MTest Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
engineering stress see stress
fracture stress see stress
terials
indirect verification see verification
E796Test Method for Ductility Testing of Metallic Foil
linear (tensile or compressive) strain see strain
3
(Withdrawn 2009)
macrostrain see strain
malleability see ductility
E1823TerminologyRelatingtoFatigueandFractureTesting
microstrain see strain
4
2.2 ISO Standard:
modulus of rigidity see modulus of elasticity
nominal stress see stress
ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 International Vocabulary of
normal stress see stress
metrology—Basic and general concepts and terms (VIM)
physical properties see mechanical properties
pin see mandrel (in bend testing)
2.3 NIST Technical Notes:
plunger see mandrel (in bend testing)
NIST Technical Note 1297Guidelines for Evaluating and
principal stress see stress
residual strain see strain
Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Re-
5
residual stress see stress
sults
Rockwell superficial see Rockwell hardness number
hardness number
secant modulus see modulus of elasticity
shear strain see strain
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on
shear stress see stress
Mechanical Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.91 on
static fatigue strength see creep rupture strength
Terminology except where designated otherwise. A subcommittee designation in
strain gauge fatigue life see fatigue life
parenthesesfollowingadefinitionindicatesthesubcommitteewithresponsibilityfor
stress-rupture strength see creep rupture strength
that definition.
tangent modulus see modulus of elasticity
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2015. Published March 2016. Originally
tensile stress see stress
ɛ1
approved in 1923. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E6–09b . DOI:
torsional modulus see modulus of elasticity
10.1520/E0006-15.
torsional stress see stress
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or transverse strain see strain
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM true strain see strain
true stress see stress
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
ultimate tensile strength (UTS) see tensile strength
the ASTM website.
3 yield strength see also upper yield strength and lower
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
yield strength
www.astm.org.
4
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de
Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.ch.
4. Terminology
5
Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100
Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov. 4.1 Terms and Definitions:
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E6−15
DISCUSSION—When used in connection with tension tests of thin
accuracy, n—the permissible variation from the correct value.
materials or materials of small diameter for which it is often difficult to
(E28.01)
distinguish between the breaking force and the maximum force
alignment,
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: E6 − 09b E6 − 15
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Methods of Mechanical Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E6; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1
ε NOTE—Editorial corrections were made throughout in March 2011.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology covers the principal terms relating to methods of mechanical testing of solids. The general definitions are
restricted and interpreted, when necessary, to make them particularly applicable and practicable for use in standards requiring or
relating to mechanical tests. These definitions are published to encourage uniformity of terminology in product specifications.
1.2 Terms relating to fatigue and fracture testing are defined in Terminology E1823.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
3
E796 Test Method for Ductility Testing of Metallic Foil (Withdrawn 2009)
E1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing
4
2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 International Vocabulary of metrology—Basic and general concepts and terms (VIM)
2.3 NIST Technical Notes:
5
NIST Technical Note 1297 Guidelines for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results
3. Index of Cross-References and Associated Definitions
3.1 The terms listed below are associated with terminology that is fundamental or commonly used. The definition for the term
of interest is related to or is given below the definition for the fundamental term cited.
Term
angular strain see strain
axial strain see strain
bending strain see strain
chord modulus see modulus of elasticity
direct verification see verification
compressive stress see stress
elastic constants see modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s
ratio
elastic modulus see modulus of elasticity
engineering strain see strain
engineering stress see stress
fracture stress see stress
indirect verification see verification
linear (tensile or compressive) strain see strain
macrostrain see strain
malleability see ductility
microstrain see strain
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on Mechanical Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.91 on Terminology
except where designated otherwise. A subcommittee designation in parentheses following a definition indicates the subcommittee with responsibility for that definition.
Current edition approved May 15, 2009Dec. 1, 2015. Published June 2009March 2016. Originally approved in 1923. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as
ɛ1
E6 – 09a.E6 – 09b . DOI: 10.1520/E0006-09B.10.1520/E0006-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.ch.
5
Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E6 − 15
modulus of rigidity see modulus of elasticity
nominal stress see stress
normal stress see stress
physical properties see mechanical properties
pin see mandrel (in bend testing)
plunger see mandrel (in bend testing)
principal stress see stress
residual strain see strain
residual stress see stress
Rockwell superficial see Rockwell hardness number
hardness number
secant modulus see modulus of elasticity
shear strain see strain
shear stress see stress
static fatigue strength see creep rupture strength
strain gauge fatigue life see fatigue life
stress-rupture strength see creep rupture strength
tangent modulus see modulus of elasticity
tensile stress see stress
torsional modulus see modulus of elasticity
torsional stress see stress
transverse strain see strain
true strain see strain
true
...