ASTM C454-83(1998)

Standard Practice for Disintegration of Carbon Refractories by Alkali

SCOPE
1.1 This practice shows the behavior of carbon refractories when subjected to the action of an alkali at an elevated temperature. This destructive condition as encountered in service is accelerated in the test to show in a short time the probable behavior of the carbon refractory during use.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-1998
• Technical Committee: C08 - Refractories
• Drafting Committee: C08.04 - Chemical Behaviors

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM C454-83(2002) - Standard Practice for Disintegration of Carbon Refractories by Alkali
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C 454 – 83 (Reapproved 1998)
Standard Practice for
Disintegration of Carbon Refractories by Alkali
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 454; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4.3 A hole ⁄8 in. (22 mm) in diameter and 1 in. (25 mm)
deep is drilled into the center of one face of each specimen.
1.1 This practice shows the behavior of carbon refractories
4.4 Cut a lid from a carbon shape measuring approximately
when subjected to the action of an alkali at an elevated
2by2by ⁄4 in. (50 by 50 by 6 mm) for each specimen.
temperature. This destructive condition as encountered in
service is accelerated in the test to show in a short time the
5. Procedure
probable behavior of the carbon refractory during use.
5.1 Dry the specimens and lids at 220 to 230°F (105 to
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
110°C) for at least 1 h. Place8gofK CO in the hole of each
2 3
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided
specimen, and then place a lid over each hole.
for information only.
5.2 Place the prepared specimens in the sagger, using coke
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
breeze as a packing material to prevent oxidation. Maintain a
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
distance of not less than 1 in. (25 mm) between the inner wall
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of the sagger and any specimen, and not less than ⁄4 in. (6 mm)
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
between specimens. Cover the uppermost specimen with a
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
layer of coke breeze at least 1 in. in thickness and place a
2. Significance and Use close-fitting cover on the sagger. The lid may be sealed in place
around the outside of the sagger by the use of air-setting
2.1 The disintegration of carbon refractories by alkali attack
refractory mortar.
at elevated temperatures is an important consideration in using
5.3 Heat the sagger assembly in the kiln at a rate not
these materials for certain applications. Disruption of carbon
exceeding 360°F (200°C)/h until 1750°F (955°C) is reached;
refractories in the test is sensitive to a number of variables,
maintain that temperature within 615°F (8.5°C) for 5 h.
including alkali concentration, temperature, and the presence
5.4 During the cooling period, remove the specimens from
of water vapor. The procedure is suitable for guidance in
the sagger before they reach 210°F (100°C) and store, until
product development and for relative comparisons in applica-
examined and photographed, in a desiccator or drying oven
tion work such as in blast furnace service.
operating at 220 to 230°F (105 to 110°C).
3. Apparatus and Materials
NOTE 1—If there is a delay between preparing (5.1) and heating (5.3)
3.1 Sagger— A sagger, and coke breeze passing a No. 4
the specimens, store them or the sagger-specimen assemblage in a
(4.75-mm) sieve. desiccator or in an oven maintained at 220 to 230°F (105 to 110°C) until
the procedure is continued.
3.2 Kiln—The kiln shall be capa
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