ASTM E95-68(2001)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Cell-Type Oven With Controlled Rates of Ventilation
Standard Specification for Cell-Type Oven With Controlled Rates of Ventilation
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements of a cell-type oven with controlled rates of ventilation for determining loss in weight or changes in properties of materials on heating at elevated temperatures. These specifications take into account the fact that chamber geometry, rate of ventilation, and temperature each affect the rate of loss of volatile constituents from a material, or the rate of change in other properties. This oven is recommended whenever the results are dependent on the time and temperature of heating, the amount of ventilation, or both. It is assumed that specific requirements such as specimen shape and dimensions, rate of ventilation, time, and temperature will be included in the applicable material specifications or test methods.
Note 1—Ovens meeting these specifications have been found useful for determination of plasticizer loss in plastics, and for controlled aging of elastomers and plastics.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
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Designation: E 95 – 68 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Specification for
1
Cell-Type Oven With Controlled Rates of Ventilation
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE 95;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 Oven types are classified as follows:
Type Ventilation Rate, m/min
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements of a
LV 0.25 to 25
cell-type oven with controlled rates of ventilation for deter-
HV 100 to 250
mining loss in weight or changes in properties of materials on
4. Requirements
heating at elevated temperatures. These specifications take into
account the fact that chamber geometry, rate of ventilation, and
4.1 The oven shall consist of one or more cylindrical cells,
temperature each affect the rate of loss of volatile constituents
each having a minimum diameter of 35 mm (1.4 in.) and a
from a material, or the rate of change in other properties. This
minimum length of 300 mm (12 in.). The cells shall be
oven is recommended whenever the results are dependent on
mounted in a thermostatically controlled, heat-transfer me-
the time and temperature of heating, the amount of ventilation,
dium: for example, an aluminum block, a liquid bath, or a
or both. It is assumed that specific requirements such as
circulating-air oven. The cells shall not be constructed of
specimen shape and dimensions, rate of ventilation, time, and
copper or a copper alloy.
temperature will be included in the applicable material speci-
4.2 The design of the oven shall be such that heated air
fications or test methods.
enters one end of the cell and is exhausted from the other end
of it without being recirculated. In order to prevent cross-
NOTE 1—Ovens meeting these specifications have been found useful
migration of volatile constituents contained in the specimens
for determination of plasticizer loss in plastics, and for controlled aging of
being tested, air passing over a specimen in one cell shall not
elastomers and plastics.
come in contact with specimens in other cells.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4.3 Air entering the cells shall have been filtered and
as the standard.
preheated to within 1°C of the specified temperature for the
space occupied by the specimen. The design shall also permit
2. Referenced Documents
the cells to be cleaned easily after each test.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.4 Provisionshallbemadeformeteringtheairflowthrough
D 1870 Practice for Elevated Temperature Aging Using a
2 each cell within 610% of any desired rate within the range of
Tubular Oven
the particular type of oven. The air may be metered to each
3. Types tube, or a single pressure-control device leading to a plenum
chamber may be used. If a plenum chamber is used, cells
3.1 Ovens are classified according to ventilation rate within
should be connected to it by passageways or orifices having
the cells, provision being made for low (LV) and high (HV)
restrictions to assure the same rate of airflow to each cell. The
ventilation rates. Thus, for materials showing low rates of
rate of flow may be measured on the entering air at room
weightlossameansisprovidedfortheirevaluationwithoutthe
temperature, if the proper factor is applied for the increase in
necessity of providing the excessive heat input required by the
rate of flow caused by the thermal expansion of the air when it
higher ventilation rate. It should, however, be established by
is raised to the temperature of the cell.
experiment when using the LV-type oven that the rate of
4.5 Provision shall be made for supporting and positioning
ventilation is adequate to avoid stagnation at the surface of the
specimens within the cell, separated from each other and
specimens, as would be caused, for example, by high rates of
without touching the walls of the cell.
diffusion of volatile constituents through the body of the
specimen.
NOTE 2—Only one specimen should be mounted in each cell unless it
is known that the inclusion of additional specimens would not affect the
result.Thespecimensandspecimensupportsshouldnotoccupymorethan
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 on
25% of thecross-sectional area of the cell.
Laboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.02 on
Metalware. 4.6 The temperature in the space occupied by the specimen
Current edition approved May 7, 1968. Published July 1968. Originally pub-
shall be controllable within 1°C of any specified temperature
lished as E 95 – 52. Last previous edition E 95 – 65 T.
2 within the range of 50 to 150°C. The assumption should not be
Annual Book of ASTM Standa
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