ASTM C416-97(2018)
(Classification)Standard Classification of Silica Refractory Brick
Standard Classification of Silica Refractory Brick
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The presence of certain impurities in silica brick tends to lower their refractoriness and service limits. This classification permits those familiar with refractories to predict the refractoriness of silica brick from their alkali and alumina contents.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification is limited to silica brick meeting the following requirements:
1.1.1 Alumina (Al2O3) content of less than 1.50 %.
1.1.2 Titania (TiO2) content of less than 0.20 %.
1.1.3 Iron oxide (FeO3) content of less than 2.50 %.
1.1.4 Calcium oxide (CaO) content of less than 4.00 %.
1.1.5 Average modulus of rupture of not less than 500 psi (3.45 MPa).
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation:C416 −97 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Classification of
1
Silica Refractory Brick
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C416; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
of minerals and refractory materials that are available from the National
1. Scope
3
Institute of Standards and Technology and other appropriate sources.
1.1 This classification is limited to silica brick meeting the
following requirements: 3. Significance and Use
1.1.1 Alumina (Al O ) content of less than 1.50 %.
2 3
3.1 Thepresenceofcertainimpuritiesinsilicabricktendsto
1.1.2 Titania (TiO ) content of less than 0.20 %.
2
lower their refractoriness and service limits. This classification
1.1.3 Iron oxide (FeO ) content of less than 2.50 %.
3
permits those familiar with refractories to predict the refracto-
1.1.4 Calcium oxide (CaO) content of less than 4.00 %.
riness of silica brick from their alkali and alumina contents.
1.1.5 Average modulus of rupture of not less than 500 psi
(3.45 MPa).
4. Basis of Classification
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 Flux Factor—Silica brick are classified on the basis of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
impurities by the use of a “flux factor,” which is equal to the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
percent of alumina plus twice the percent of total alkalies.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4.2 Types:
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2.1 Type A—Silica brick having a flux factor of 0.50 or
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
less.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.2.2 Type B—All other silica brick falling within the scope
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
of this classification.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5. Test Methods
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 The properties listed in this classification shall be
determined in accordance with the following ASTM methods:
2. Referenced Documents
5.1.1 Modulus of Rupture—Test Methods C133.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1.2 Chemical Analysis—XRF and ICP.
C133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modu-
lus of Rupture of Refractories
6. Retests
NOTE 1—Chemical analysis of refractory products is determined by a
6.1 Because of variables resulting from sampling and the
combination of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma
lack of satisfactory reproducibility in tests conducted by
(ICP) using standard reference materials (SRM), including various types
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C416 − 97 (Reapproved 2013) C416 − 97 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Classification of
1
Silica Refractory Brick
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C416; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This classification is limited to silica brick meeting the following requirements:
Alumina (Al O ) content of less than 1.50 %.
2 3
Titania (TiO ) content of less than 0.20 %.
2
Iron oxide (FeO ) content of less than 2.50 %.
3
Calcium oxide (CaO) content of less than 4.00 %.
Average modulus of rupture of not less than 500 psi (3.45 MPa).
1.1.1 Alumina (Al O ) content of less than 1.50 %.
2 3
1.1.2 Titania (TiO ) content of less than 0.20 %.
2
1.1.3 Iron oxide (FeO ) content of less than 2.50 %.
3
1.1.4 Calcium oxide (CaO) content of less than 4.00 %.
1.1.5 Average modulus of rupture of not less than 500 psi (3.45 MPa).
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modulus of Rupture of Refractories
NOTE 1—Chemical analysis of refractory products is determined by a combination of x-rayX-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively coupled
plazmaplasma (ICP) using standard reference materials (SRM), including various types of minerals and refractory materials that are available from the
3
National Institute of Standards and Technology and other appropriate sources.
3. Significance and Use
3.1 The presence of certain impurities in silica brick tends to lower their refractoriness and service limits. This classification
permits those familiar with refractories to predict the refractoriness of silica brick from their alkali and alumina contents.
4. Basis of Classification
4.1 Flux Factor—SilicaFlux Factor —Silica brick are classified on the basis of impurities by the use of a “flux factor,” which
is equal to the percent of alumina plus twice the percent of total alkalies.
4.2 Types:Types:
4.2.1 Type A—Silica brick having a flux factor of 0.50 or less.
4.2.2 Type B—All other silica brick falling within the scope of this classification.
1
This classification is under the
...
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