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ASTM D3170-87(1996)e1

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Chipping Resistance of Coatings

Standard Test Method for Chipping Resistance of Coatings

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of coatings to chipping damage by stones or other flying objects.  Note 1-This test method is similar to SAE J-400.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-May-1996
ICS
87.040 - Paints and varnishes
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.55 - Factory Applied Coatings on Preformed Products
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D3170-01 - Standard Test Method for Chipping Resistance of Coatings
Effective Date
10-May-1996
Referred By
ASTM D3322-23 - Standard Practice for Testing Primers and Primer Surfacers Over Preformed Metal
Effective Date
10-May-1996
Referred By
ASTM A1124/A1124M-23 - Standard Specification for Textured Epoxy-Coated Steel Reinforcing Bars
Effective Date
10-May-1996
Referred By
ASTM D3451-06(2017) - Standard Guide for Testing Coating Powders and Powder Coatings
Effective Date
10-May-1996
Referred By
ASTM D333-01(2021) - Standard Guide for Clear and Pigmented Lacquers
Effective Date
10-May-1996
Referred By
ASTM D6577-15(2019) - Standard Guide for Testing Industrial Protective Coatings
Effective Date
10-May-1996
Referred By
ASTM D6486-23 - Standard Practice for Short Term Vehicle Service Exposure of Automotive Coatings
Effective Date
10-May-1996
Referred By
ASTM D6675-23 - Standard Practice for Salt-Accelerated Outdoor Cosmetic Corrosion Testing of Organic Coatings on Automotive Sheet Steel
Effective Date
10-May-1996
Referred By
ASTM D3794-22 - Standard Guide for Testing Coil Coatings
Effective Date
10-May-1996

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ASTM D3170-87(1996)e1 - Standard Test Method for Chipping Resistance of CoatingsASTM D3170-87(1996)e1 - Standard Test Method for Chipping Resistance of Coatings
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ASTM D3170-87(1996)e1 - Standard Test Method for Chipping Resistance of Coatings
English language
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
e1
Designation: D 3170 – 87 (Reapproved 1996)
Standard Test Method for
Chipping Resistance of Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3170; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
e NOTE—Unit of measurement statement added editorially in June 1996.
1. Scope 2.2 Other Documents:
Test for Chip Resistance of Surface Coatings (J-400)
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resis-
New Pictorial Standards Coating Defects
tance of coatings to chipping damage by stones or other flying
objects.
3. Summary of Test Method
NOTE 1—This test method is similar to SAE J-400.
3.1 Standardized road gravel is projected by means of a
controlled air blast at the coated specimens. Generally the test
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for conditions are made more severe by performing the test at low
ambient temperatures. The resultant chipping effect is evalu-
information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the ated by comparison with a set of photographic standards that
appear in the Pictorial Standards Coating Defects.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Significance and Use
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 Chipping of coatings, particularly on the leading faces
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and edges of automobile surfaces, is considered unacceptable
2. Referenced Documents
by owners. In formulating a coating or coating system to meet
2.1 ASTM Standards: service requirements, the resistance to chipping damage by
flying objects such as gravel is one of the properties of
D 609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels
for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and importance since it can vary considerably as other properties
are adjusted. Since resistance to chipping decreases at lower
Related Coating Products
D 823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness temperatures partly as the result of decreased flexibility, the
test may be more directly related to service conditions by
of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
D 1005 Test Methods for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick- performing it at a low temperature. This test method is
designed to produce a controlled amount of impact by the
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
D 1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of media on the coated panel in order to enhance reproducibility.
Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
2 5. Apparatus
a Ferrous Base
5.1 Gravel-Projecting Machine, constructed according to
D 1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of
the design specifications shown in Fig. 1.
Dry Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to
5.2 Gravel—Water-eroded alluvial road gravel passing
a Nonferrous Metal Base
5 3
through a ⁄8-in. (16-mm) space screen but retained on a ⁄8-in.
D 1733 Method of Preparation of Aluminum-Alloy Panels
(9.5-mm) space screen. Note that mesh screen is not a
for Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Products
substitute for a space screen. It is important to remove the
D 2201 Practice for Preparation of Zinc-Coated and Zinc-
small pieces of gravel before reusing the gravel.
Alloy-Coated Steel Panels for Testing Paint and Related
Products
Available from the Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Dr.,
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint Warrendale, PA 15096.
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of Available from the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, 492
Subcommittee D 01.55 on Factory-Applied Coatings on Preformed Products. Norristown Rd., Blue Bell, PA 19422-2350.
Current edition approved May 29, 1987. Published July 1987. Originally A suitable apparatus meeting these specifications can be obtained from Q-Panel
published as D 3170 – 73. Last previous edition D 3170 – 74 (1980)e . Co., 26200 First St., Westlake, OH 44135.
2 7
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01. Gravel meeting these specifications can be obtained from Q-Panel Co., 26200
Discontinued, see 1980 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Part 27. First St., Westlake, OH 44135.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 3170
FIG. 1 Gravel-Projecting Machine
FIG. 2 Reference Photographs (Illustration Purpose Only)
5.3 Masking Tape, 4 in. (100 mm) wide. mens shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the
5.4 Temperature-Conditioning Equipment —(alternatives): seller. Te
...

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FIG. 1 Alignment of Panels for Scrubbing
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1.1 This test method covers an accelerated procedure for determining the resistance of paints to erosion caused by scrubbing. (Note: The term wet abrasion is sometimes used for scrubbing, and wet abrasion resistance or scrubbability for scrub resistance.) Although scrub resistance tests are intended primarily for interior coatings, they are sometimes used with exterior coatings as an additional measure of film performance.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of particle size distribution of liquid paints and pigmented liquid coatings by Dynamic Image Analysis. This method includes the reporting of particles ≥1 µm in size and up to 300 µm in size.
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5.1 Coatings attached to substrates are subjected to damaging impacts during the manufacture of articles and their use in service. In its use over many years, this test method for impact resistance has been found to be useful in predicting the performance of organic coatings for their ability to resist cracking caused by impacts.
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1.1 This test method covers a procedure for rapidly deforming by impact a coating film and its substrate and for evaluating the effect of such deformation.  
1.2 This test method should be restricted to testing in only one laboratory when numerical values are used because of the poor reproducibility of the method. Interlaboratory agreement is improved when ranking is used in place of numerical values.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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