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ASTM E2386-04(2017)

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Conduct of PDD Screening Examinations

Standard Guide for Conduct of PDD Screening Examinations

ABSTRACT
This guide establishes the essential and recommended elements in the procedures for conducting a psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) screening examination. Covered here are the appropriate location and test conditions, the proper pretest, intest and posttest practices, and the correct evaluation procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes essential and recommended elements in the procedures for the conduct of a psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) screening examination.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Sep-2017
ICS
17.040.20 - Properties of surfaces
Technical Committee
E52 - Forensic Psychophysiology
Drafting Committee
E52.05 - Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD)
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E2386-04(2011) - Standard Guide for the Conduct of PDD Screening Examinations
Effective Date
01-Oct-2017
Refers
ASTM E2063-12(2017) - Standard Practice for Calibration and Functionality Checks Used in Forensic Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (Polygraph) Examinations
Effective Date
01-Oct-2017
Refers
ASTM E2031-99(2016) - Standard Practice for Quality Control of Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (Polygraph) Examinations
Effective Date
01-Jan-2016
Refers
ASTM E2063-12 - Standard Practice for Calibration and Functionality Checks Used in Forensic Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (Polygraph) Examinations
Effective Date
01-May-2012
Refers
ASTM E2063-05(2011) - Standard Practice for Calibration and Functionality Checks Used in Forensic Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (Polygraph) Examinations
Effective Date
01-Mar-2011
Refers
ASTM E2031-99(2010) - Standard Practice for Quality Control of Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (Polygraph) Examinations
Effective Date
01-Sep-2010
Refers
ASTM E2064-00(2006) - Standard Guide for Minimum Continuing Education of Individuals Involved in Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD)
Effective Date
01-Dec-2006
Refers
ASTM E2000-05 - Standard Guide for Minimum Basic Education and Training of Individuals Involved in the Detection of Deception (PDD) (Withdrawn 2014)
Effective Date
01-Feb-2005
Refers
ASTM E2031-99(2004) - Standard Practice for Quality Control of Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (Polygraph) Examinations
Effective Date
01-Aug-2004
Refers
ASTM E2000-02 - Standard Guide for Minimum Basic Education and Training of Individuals Involved in the Detection of Deception (PDD)
Effective Date
10-Jul-2002
Refers
ASTM E2063-00 - Standard Practice for Calibration and Functionality Checks Used in Forensic Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (Polygraph) Examinations
Effective Date
10-Jan-2000
Refers
ASTM E2063-05 - Standard Practice for Calibration and Functionality Checks Used in Forensic Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (Polygraph) Examinations
Effective Date
10-Jan-2000
Refers
ASTM E2064-00 - Standard Guide for Minimum Continuing Education of Individuals Involved in the Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD)
Effective Date
10-Jan-2000
Refers
ASTM E2031-99 - Standard Practice for Quality Control of Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (Polygraph) Examinations
Effective Date
10-Jul-1999

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ASTM E2386-04(2017) - Standard Guide for Conduct of PDD Screening ExaminationsASTM E2386-04(2017) - Standard Guide for Conduct of PDD Screening Examinations
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ASTM E2386-04(2017) - Standard Guide for Conduct of PDD Screening Examinations
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2386 − 04 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Guide for
Conduct of PDD Screening Examinations
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2386; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Preparation
1.1 This guide establishes essential and recommended ele- 4.1 All relevant paperwork pertaining to the examinee
ments in the procedures for the conduct of a psychophysiologi- should be made available to the examiner in ample time for
cal detection of deception (PDD) screening examination. review prior to the examination.
1.2 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.2 Only instruments meeting ASTM standards, as a
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
minimum, should be used during the conduct of PDD screen-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
ing examinations.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.3 No examination shall be conducted unless the instru-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
ment is functioning in accordance with Practice E2063.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.4 An examiner shall, prior to the examination, dedicate
sufficient time to identify the issues and unique circumstances
2. Referenced Documents
in any area of anticipated testing.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E2000 Guide for Minimum Basic Education and Training of
5. Pretest Practices
Individuals Involved in the Detection of Deception (PDD)
5.1 The examiner shall adhere to the following practices:
(Withdrawn 2014)
5.1.1 Verify the correct identity of the examinee to the
E2031 Practice for Quality Control of Psychophysiological
extent possible.
Detection of Deception (Polygraph) Examinations
5.1.2 Obtain the consent of the examinee prior to testing.
E2063 Practice for Calibration and Functionality Checks
5.1.3 The examiner shall ensure that the examinee is a fit
Used in Forensic Psychophysiological Detection of De-
subject for testing to the extend legally practicable.
ception (Polygraph) Examinations
5.1.3.1 At any time during the PDD examination that it
E2064 Guide for Minimum Continuing Education of Indi-
becomes apparent to the examiner that the examinee is not
viduals Involved in Psychophysiological Detection of
suitable for testing, the examination will be terminated.
Deception (PDD)
5.2 All screening examinations shall be conducted in com-
3. Location and Test Conditions
pliance with governing local, state, and federal regulations and
laws.
3.1 Conditionsunderwhichtestingoccursshallbefreefrom
distractions that would interfere with the ability of the exam-
5.3 The examiner shall display objectivity.
inee to appropriately focus on the issues being addressed. The
5.4 Sufficient time shall be spent to discuss the issues to be
examination site should be reasonably free from outside noise
tested and to allow the examinee to explain his or her position.
and distraction.
5.5 The examiner shall formulate all test questions in
compliance with recognized professional practices.
5.6 The examiner shall allow sufficient time to introduce
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E52 on Forensic
Psychophysiology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E52.05 on
each test question to the examinee in a manner which complies
Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD).
with recognized professional practices.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017. Published October 2017. Originally
5.6.1 Sufficient time shall be spent to ensure that the
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as E2386 – 04 (2011).
DOI: 10.1520/E2386-04R17. examinee recognizes and understands each question.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.7 Sufficienttimeshallbespenttoensurethattheexaminee
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summa
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The term “surface texture” is used to describe the local deviations of a surface from an ideal shape. Surface texture usually consists of long wavelength repetitive features that occur as results of chatter, vibration, or heat treatments during the manufacture of implants. Short wavelength features superimposed on the long wavelength features of the surface, which may arise from polishing or etching of the implant, are referred to as roughness.  
4.2 This guide provides an overview of techniques that are available for measuring the surface in terms of Cartesian coordinates and the parameters used to describe surface texture. It is important to appreciate that it is not possible to measure surface texture per se, but to derive values for parameters that can be used to describe it. ISO has published a series of standards on surface texture measurements that may be consulted for more information (ISO 3274, ISO 4287, ISO 4288, ISO 5436-2, ISO 10993-19, ISO 12179, ISO 13565-1, ISO 19606, ISO 21920-1, ISO 21920-2, ISO 21920-3, ISO 25178-1, ISO 25178-2, ISO 25178-3, ISO 25178-6, ISO 25178-70, ISO 25178-71, ISO 25178-72, ISO 25178-73, ISO 25178-600, ISO 25178-601, ISO 25178-602, ISO 25178-603, ISO 25178-604, ISO 25178-605, ISO 25178-606, ISO 25178-607, ISO 25178-700, ISO 25178-701).
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1.1 This guide describes some of the more common methods that are available for measuring the topographical features of a surface and provides an overview of the parameters that are used to quantify them. Being able to reliably derive a set of parameters that describe the texture of biomaterial surfaces is a key aspect in the manufacture of safe and effective implantable medical devices that have the potential to trigger an adverse biological reaction in situ.  
1.2 This guide is not intended to apply to porous structures with average pore dimensions in excess of approximately 50 nm (0.05 μm).  
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5.2 The dry film thickness of coatings on wood or wood-based products is specified in written product warranties for proper decorative and protective performance of coatings on wood or wood-based products.  
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1.1 This test method covers the measurement of dry film thickness of coatings applied to a smooth, textured or curved rigid substrate of wood or a wood-based product.  
1.2 This test method covers the preparation of wood or wood-based specimens for the purpose of microscopic measurement of dry film thickness.  
1.3 This test method suggests an analysis of dry film thickness of coatings on wood or wood-based products using a microscopic measurement.  
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5.1 Many physical and appearance properties of the finished coating are affected by the film thickness. Film thickness can affect the color, gloss, surface profile, adhesion, flexibility, impact resistance and hardness of the coating. The fit of pieces assembled after coating can be affected when film thickness is not within tolerance. Therefore coatings must be applied within certain minimum and maximum film thickness specifications to optimize their intended use.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the thickness measurement of dry coating powders applied to a variety of rigid substrates. Use of some of these procedures may require repair of the coating powder. This practice covers the use of portable instruments. It is intended to supplement the manufacturers’ instructions for their operation of the gauges and is not intended to replace them. It includes definitions of key terms, reference documents, the significance and use of the practice, and the advantages and limitations of the instruments.  
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SCOPE
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5.2 It is also important that automotive finishes and other high-gloss nonmetallic surfaces possess the desired finished appearance. The present method identifies by measurements important aspects of finishes. Those having identical sets of numbers normally have the same gloss characteristics. It usually requires more than one measurement to identify properly the glossy appearance of any finish (see Refs 3 and 4).
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5.1 This test method is designed to rank material couples, surface treatments, and lubricants by CFT and in their resistance to adhesive wear. Since adhesive wear is a complex phenomenon and stochastic in nature, it is essential to evaluate surfaces to confirm the presence of adhesion.  
5.2 This test method should be considered when evaluating the impact of changes in a process or application that is prone to adhesive wear, including any combination of scoring, galling, and plowing. These modes of failure commonly occur under sliding contact, at high contact stress, and, when applicable, at lubricant starvation.  
5.3 The TCT is often used to evaluate the ability of material couples, surface treatments, coatings, and lubricants to prevent or reduce adhesive wear in metalworking operations including deep drawing, extrusion, and pipe bending. Other applications in which the test may be effective are loader bucket bushings, gear teeth at startup, and low-clearance pumps.  
5.4 This test method is best used as a comparative screening tool. The ranking of performance produced by the TCT correlates well with the ranking in many applications.3 However, since the test is a bench test and not directly reproducing any specific application, TCT results should be only used as an indicator of the tendency for adhesive wear to occur. TCT is a useful screening test for comparing the effectiveness of material couples, surface treatments, coatings, and lubricant formulations before process testing and field trials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers laboratory procedures for determining the coefficient of friction (COF) and resistance of materials to adhesion under flat sliding using the twist compression test (TCT). This test method ranks material couples, surface treatments, coatings, and lubricant combinations by COF and their resistance to adhesion.  
1.2 The time until adhesion for the materials under the test conditions are reported and used to quantify the tribocouple’s adhesion resistance and susceptibility to galling or scuffing. Systems of higher adhesion resistance will give longer time until failure.  
1.3 The coefficient of friction values averaged between the test reaching full test pressure and the time of the onset of adhesion or the end of tests run for a predetermined time period are recorded. Systems are ranked by their average coefficients of friction before adhesion occurs.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard except psi and pounds in Table 1.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Measurement of the thickness of a coating is essential to assessing its utility and cost.  
4.2 The coulometric method destroys the coating over a very small (about 0.1 cm2) test area. Therefore its use is limited to applications where a bare spot at the test area is acceptable or the test piece may be destroyed.
SCOPE
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1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers electronic instruments intended for intermittent measuring and monitoring of patient temperatures by means of detecting the intensity of thermal radiation between the subject of measurement and the sensor.  
1.2 The specification addresses assessing subject’s body internal temperature through measurement of thermal emission from the ear canal. Performance requirements for noncontact temperature measurement of skin are also provided.  
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1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.2 In this terminology standard, definitions of terms used in other ASTM standards are indicated by placing the designation of that standard in parentheses at the end of the definition. Definitions used by other organizations (see Refs (3–4)) are indicated similarly by placing in parentheses at the end of the definition the acronym of the organization, occasionally with the date of its terminology standard quoted. In either case, a superscript letter may be used to indicate the degree of correspondence between the definition given herein and that in the citation. Superscript A indicates that the two are identical; B that the given definition is a modification of that cited, with little difference in essential meaning; and C that the two differ substantially.  
3.3 A further parenthetical inclusion at the end of the definition gives the revision, if after 1981, in which the definition was added to this terminology standard or last revised.  
3.4 Where appropriate, symbols or acronyms are listed for terms in this terminology standard. Since usage varies, these listings should be considered as recommendations, not as mandatory. If a different symbol or acronym is used in another ASTM standard, this should be indicated in that standard.  
3.5 In the 1990 edition of this terminology standard, a great many terms were relocated to conform to the recommendation of the Form and Style for ASTM Standards, (Blue Book) that listings be in spoken word order. In general, there are no cross-references between the old and new listings, except where a special function is served. An example of such a special function is to list all terms relating to a given basic quantity, for example, all terms defining various ...
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology standard defines terms used in the description of appearance, including but not limited to color, gloss, opacity, scattering, texture, and visibility of both materials (ordinary, fluorescent, retroreflective) and light sources (including visual display units).  
1.2 It is the policy of ASTM Committee E12 on Color and Appearance that this terminology standard include important terms and definitions explicit to the scope, whether or not the terms are currently used in an ASTM standard. Terms that are in common use and appear in common-language dictionaries (see Refs (1–2)2) are generally not included, except when the dictionaries show multiple definitions and it seems desirable to indicate the definitions recommended for E12 standards.  
1.3 The usage of terms describing appearance varies considerably. In some cases, different usage of a term in different fields has been noted.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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