E52 - Forensic Psychophysiology

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 These terms have particular application to the scientific discipline of forensic psychophysiology. In addition, a hierarchy of sources of definitions are used in the development of this terminology. The hierarchy is as follows: Websters's New World Dictionary, Third College Edition; technical dictionaries; and the Compilation of ASTM Standard Definitions. The subcommittee developed a suitable definition after all of the sources in the hierarchy are found wanting.
SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions used in forensic psychophysiology. Legal or scientific terms that generally are understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources may not be included.  
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended.  
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM committee; for example, ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineering.  
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field are identified with an abbreviation.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This practice establishes both the global and the numerical procedures for the systematic interpretation and analysis of psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) data. Examiners shall use the method for which they have been formally trained, and these procedures shall be correctly matched to the PDD examination format.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices establish procedures for the systematic interpretation and analysis of Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD) data.  
1.2 Any test data analysis procedure used shall be correctly matched to the PDD examination format. Examiners shall use evaluation methods for which they have been formally trained.  
1.2.1 Acceptable test data analysis procedures are those published in refereed or technical journals, and for which published replications of the procedures have confirmed their efficacy.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The goal of this guide is to reduce the incidence and impact of perjured testimony in administrative proceedings and in the criminal, civil and family court systems.  
3.2 It is a mathematically established statistical principle that the probability of two independent events both occurring is the algebraic product of the probabilities of either event occurring alone.3  
3.3 In litigation, the situation frequently arises:  
3.3.1 That witnesses from opposite sides offer diametrically contradictory testimony regarding a fact or facts, such that one must almost certainly be lying, and  
3.3.2 That witnesses from one side corroborate each other's testimony, such that either both must be telling the truth, or both must be lying.  
3.4 Where both witnesses are examined regarding a fact:  
3.4.1 By PDD examiners who have personally established that the level of accuracy they are able to achieve meets or exceeds requirements established by the courts of the jurisdiction.  
3.4.2 The results when taken together support a strong common inference about the respective deceptiveness of the subjects.  
3.4.3 If the minimum accuracy is set at 86 %, the probability that the inference will be wrong is less than 2.00 %. If the minimum accuracy is set at 90 %, the probability that the inference will be wrong is no higher than 1.00 %.  
3.5 When more than two witnesses are examined by such examiners about a fact and all results support a common inference about the deceptiveness of the subjects regarding that fact, the probability that the inference will be wrong is even lower, in accordance with the statistical principle.  
3.6 The validity of this guide rests on evidence that competent examiners are personally capable of achieving sufficient accuracy.  
3.6.1 Determination of examiners' competence must be based not primarily on their training, years of experience, or the number of tests they have conducted, but on their personally demonstrated capability of the particip...
SCOPE
1.1 This is a guide for the derivation of quantitative assessments of the credibility of proposed witness testimony through the application of established statistical principles to combinations of PDD examination results, and for the utilization of such assessments in the interests of justice (The Marin Protocol).  
1.2 This guide describes circumstances in which proven statistical principles, applied to PDD results, can reliably quantify the trustworthiness or untrustworthiness of witness testimony, and  
1.2.1 Delineates requirements necessary to effect the generation and practical use of such results, including:
1.2.1.1 Criteria regarding witnesses to be examined,
1.2.1.2 Criteria for determining facts upon which witnesses are to be examined,
1.2.1.3 Certification of examiners eligible to conduct examinations,
1.2.1.4 Combinations of results which support strong inferences, and
1.2.1.5 Appropriate uses to which strong inferences can be put.  
1.3 Courts and others responsible for adjudicating questions of fact may choose whether and when to invoke paired PDD testing.  
1.3.1 This guide expresses the rights and obligations of all participants in order to best serve the interests of justice when it is invoked.  
1.3.2 Paired PDD testing must not be invoked in any case in any jurisdiction where to do so would violate the laws of that jurisdiction.  
1.3.3 Adherence to these guidelines ensures that the conclusions reached will be valid.  
1.4 This guide is directed to the proposed testimony of witnesses in criminal, civil, administrative and family court litigation, regarding factual claims, where  
1.4.1 It is unlikely that the witnesses could be honestly mistaken, and  
1.4.2 The facts in dispute are such that the case may hinge on whom the trier of fact believes; whenever,  
1.4.3 Witnesses on opposite sides of a case offer contradictory testimony.  
1.4.4 Two or more witnesses testifying for one s...

ABSTRACT
This practice establishes essential and renumbered elements in the design, conduct, and reporting of research (both laboratory and field) on the psychophysiological detection of deception (polygraph). In laboratory research, all procedures shall be documented in sufficient detail such that others can replicate them. Subject manipulation shall require minimal human interaction; however, when human interaction is deemed necessary, such procedure shall be standardized to the extent possible. Also, when studies of exploratory nature are conducted, they shall be clearly identified as exploratory studies. In field research, on the other hand, the procedure for case selection shall be reported in sufficient detail, including the qualifications of the polygraph testing and chart evaluating participants. In cases where departures from conventional field practice are encountered, these shall be documented in sufficient detail including an explanation for the nonstandard procedures. For both laboratory and field research, statements of generalization shall be limited to those which can be supported by data, procedures, and statistical methodology. Polygraph testing shall be carried out in terms of evidentiary psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) examinations and investigative PDD examinations, the validity and utility of which shall conform to the requirements specified. Investigative PDD examinations may resort to a "successive hurdles" approach to satisfy the minimum validity requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes essential and recommended elements in the design, conduct, and reporting of research on psychophysiological detection of deception (polygraph) (PDD). Analog and field research are addressed separately.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This guide establishes the essential and recommended elements in the procedures for conducting a psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) screening examination. Covered here are the appropriate location and test conditions, the proper pretest, intest and posttest practices, and the correct evaluation procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes essential and recommended elements in the procedures for the conduct of a psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) screening examination.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes essential and recommended elements in the procedures for the conduct of a psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) examination.  
1.1.1 Other unique PDD applications are addressed separately.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice sets forth the minimum requirements for calibration and functionality checks when conducting PDD examinations and related activities. For additional information see Practice E1954 and Guide E2000.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides guidelines for calibration and instrumentation (both analog and computerized systems) actively used in the psychophysiological detection of deception (verification of truth). As a minimum, such instrumentation shall simultaneously record an individual’s respiratory, exosomatic electrodermal, and cardiovascular activity.  
1.2 Analog polygraphs shall be calibrated by the psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) examiner, manufacturer, or factory-authorized individual.  
1.3 Computerized instrumentation shall be calibrated by the manufacturer or factory-authorized individual.  
1.4 The PDD examiner or factory-authorized individual shall perform functionality checks to ensure instrumentation is operating properly.  
1.5 This practice does not prohibit additional components which may be offered as supplemental measurements of physiological change. Additional recording components (such as movement sensors) may be used in addition to, but not replace, the required minimum components and these additional components shall meet the manufacturer’s specifications for calibration.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide sets forth the minimum requirements for instrumentation and software when conducting PDD examinations. For additional information see Practice E1954 and Guide E2000.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the minimum requirements for instrumentation (both analog and computerized systems), sensors and operating software used in the forensic psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD). As a minimum, such instrumentation shall simultaneously record an individual’s respiratory, electrodermal, and cardiovascular activity.  
1.2 This guide does not prohibit additional components, which may be offered as supplemental measurements of physiological change. Additional recording components may be used in addition to but not to replace the required minimum components.

ABSTRACT
This practice establishes essential and recommended procedures for the conduct of quality control for a Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD) examination, or polygraph examinations. The procedures state that all PDD examinations may be subjected to a quality control review. Experienced examiners who are trained in the PDD format utilized by the original examiner are qualified to conduct a quality control review of an examination. A quality control review shall be independent and objective and meet all applicable ASTM standards. The quality control process should involve the review of test data analysis of all charts collected, questions and answers utilized, the PDD report, among others. The person conducting the quality control review shall attest, in writing, as to whether the test data supports the conclusion rendered by the original examiner. All PDD documents and test data shall remain available for a quality control review for no less than a year or until the incident or circumstance requiring the examination to be conducted has been completely adjudicated.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes essential and recommended procedures for the conduct of quality control for a Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD) examination.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 These terms have particular application to the scientific discipline of forensic psychophysiology. In addition, a hierarchy of sources of definitions are used in the development of this terminology. The hierarchy is as follows: Websters's New World Dictionary, Third College Edition; technical dictionaries; and the Compilation of ASTM Standard Definitions. The subcommittee developed a suitable definition after all of the sources in the hierarchy are found wanting.
SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions used in forensic psychophysiology. Legal or scientific terms that generally are understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources may not be included.  
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended.  
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM committee; for example, ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineering.  
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field are identified with an abbreviation.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice sets forth the minimum requirements for calibration and functionality checks when conducting PDD examinations and related activities. For additional information see Practice E1954 and Guide E2000.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides guidelines for calibration and instrumentation (both analog and computerized systems) actively used in the psychophysiological detection of deception (verification of truth). As a minimum, such instrumentation shall simultaneously record an individual's respiratory, exosomatic electrodermal, and cardiovascular activity.  
1.2 Analog polygraphs shall be calibrated by the psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) examiner, manufacturer, or factory-authorized individual.  
1.3 Computerized instrumentation shall be calibrated by the manufacturer or factory-authorized individual.  
1.4 The PDD examiner or factory-authorized individual shall perform functionality checks to ensure instrumentation is operating properly.
1.5 This practice does not prohibit additional components which may be offered as supplemental measurements of physiological change. Additional recording components (such as movement sensors) may be used in addition to, but not replace, the required minimum components and these additional components shall meet the manufacturer's specifications for calibration.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These terms have particular application to the scientific discipline of forensic psychophysiology. In addition, a hierarchy of sources of definitions are used in the development of this terminology. The hierarchy is as follows: Websters's New World Dictionary, Third College Edition; technical dictionaries; and the Compilation of ASTM Standard Definitions. The subcommittee developed a suitable definition after all of the sources in the hierarchy are found wanting.
SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions used in forensic psychophysiology. Legal or scientific terms that generally are understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources may not be included.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM committee; for example, ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineering.
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field are identified with an abbreviation.

ABSTRACT
This guide establishes the essential and recommended elements in the procedures for conducting a psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) screening examination. Covered here are the appropriate location and test conditions, the proper pretest, intest and posttest practices, and the correct evaluation procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes essential and recommended elements in the procedures for the conduct of a psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) screening examination.

SCOPE
1.1 Standard guide for the derivation of quantitative assessments of the credibility of proposed witness testimony through the application of established statistical principles to combinations of PDD examination results, and for the utilization of such assessments in the interests of justice (The Marin Protocol)
1.2 This standard describes circumstances in which proven statistical principles, applied to PDD results, can reliably quantify the trustworthiness or untrustworthiness of witness testimony, and
1.2.1 Delineates requirements necessary to effect the generation and practical use of such results, including:
1.2.1.1 Criteria regarding witnesses to be examined,
1.2.1.2 Criteria for determining facts upon which witnesses are to be examined,
1.2.1.3 Certification of examiners eligible to conduct examinations,
1.2.1.4 Combinations of results which support strong inferences, and
1.2.1.5 Appropriate uses to which strong inferences can be put.
1.3 Courts and others responsible for adjudicating questions of fact may choose whether and when to invoke paired PDD testing.
1.3.1 This guide expresses the rights and obligations of all participants in order to best serve the interests of justice when it is invoked.
1.3.2 Paired PDD testing must not be invoked in any case in any jurisdiction where to do so would violate the laws of that jurisdiction.
1.3.3 Adherence to these guidelines ensures that the conclusions reached will be valid.
1.4 This standard is directed to the proposed testimony of witnesses in criminal, civil, administrative and family court litigation, regarding factual claims, where
1.4.1 It is unlikely that the witnesses could be honestly mistaken, and
1.4.2 The facts in dispute are such that the case may hinge on whom the trier of fact believes; whenever,
1.4.3 Witnesses on opposite sides of a case offer contradictory testimony.
1.4.4 Two or more witnesses testifying for one side offer mutually corroborating testimony.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These terms have particular application to the scientific discipline of forensic psychophysiology. In addition, a hierarchy of sources of definitions are used in the development of this terminology. The hierarchy is as follows: Websters's New World Dictionary, Third College Edition; technical dictionaries; and the Compilation of ASTM Standard Definitions. The subcommittee developed a suitable definition after all of the sources in the hierarchy are found wanting.
SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions used in forensic psychophysiology. Legal or scientific terms that generally are understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources may not be included.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM committee; for example, ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineering.
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field are identified with an abbreviation.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes essential and recommended elements in the procedures for the conduct of a psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) examination.
1.1.1 Other unique PDD applications are addressed separately.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice sets forth the minimum requirements for calibration and functionality checks when conducting PDD examinations and related activities. For additional information see Practice E1954 and Guide E2000.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides guidelines for calibration and instrumentation (both analog and computerized systems) actively used in the psychophysiological detection of deception (verification of truth). As a minimum, such instrumentation shall simultaneously record an individual's respiratory, exosomatic electrodermal, and cardiovascular activity.  
1.2 Analog polygraphs shall be calibrated by the psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) examiner, manufacturer, or factory-authorized individual.  
1.3 Computerized instrumentation shall be calibrated by the manufacturer or factory-authorized individual.  
1.4 The PDD examiner or factory-authorized individual shall perform functionality checks to ensure instrumentation is operating properly.
1.5 This practice does not prohibit additional components which may be offered as supplemental measurements of physiological change. Additional recording components (such as movement sensors) may be used in addition to, but not replace, the required minimum components and these additional components shall meet the manufacturer's specifications for calibration.

ABSTRACT
This practice establishes essential and recommended procedures for the conduct of quality control for a Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD) examination, or polygraph examinations. The procedures state that all PDD examinations may be subjected to a quality control review. Experienced examiners who are trained in the PDD format utilized by the original examiner are qualified to conduct a quality control review of an examination. A quality control review shall be independent and objective and meet all applicable ASTM standards. The quality control process should involve the review of test data analysis of all charts collected, questions and answers utilized, the PDD report, among others. The person conducting the quality control review shall attest, in writing, as to whether the test data supports the conclusion rendered by the original examiner. All PDD documents and test data shall remain available for a quality control review for no less than a year or until the incident or circumstance requiring the examination to be conducted has been completely adjudicated.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes essential and recommended procedures for the conduct of quality control for a Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD) examination.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These terms have particular application to the scientific discipline of forensic psychophysiology. In addition, a hierarchy of sources of definitions are used in the development of this terminology. The hierarchy is as follows: Websters's New World Dictionary, Third College Edition; technical dictionaries; and the Compilation of ASTM Standard Definitions. The subcommittee developed a suitable definition after all of the sources in the hierarchy are found wanting.
SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions used in forensic psychophysiology. Legal or scientific terms that generally are understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources may not be included.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM committee; for example, ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineering.
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field are identified with an abbreviation.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These terms have particular application to the scientific discipline of forensic psychophysiology. In addition, a hierarchy of sources of definitions are used in the development of this terminology. The hierarchy is as follows: Websters's New World Dictionary, Third College Edition; technical dictionaries; and the Compilation of ASTM Standard Definitions. The subcommittee developed a suitable definition after all of the sources in the hierarchy are found wanting.
SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions used in forensic psychophysiology. Legal or scientific terms that generally are understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources may not be included.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM committee; for example, ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineering.
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field are identified with an abbreviation.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes essential and recommended elements in the procedures for the conduct of a psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) examination.
1.1.1 Other unique PDD applications are addressed separately.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes essential and recommended elements in the procedures for the conduct of a psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) examination.
1.1.1 Other unique PDD applications are addressed separately.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide sets forth the minimum requirements for instrumentation and software when conducting PDD examinations. For additional information see Practice E1954 and Guide E2000.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the minimum requirements for instrumentation (both analog and computerized systems), sensors and operating software used in the forensic psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD). As a minimum, such instrumentation shall simultaneously record an individual’s respiratory, electrodermal, and cardiovascular activity.
1.2 This guide does not prohibit additional components, which may be offered as supplemental measurements of physiological change. Additional recording components may be used in addition to but not to replace the required minimum components.

ABSTRACT
This practice establishes both the global and the numerical procedures for the systematic interpretation and analysis of psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) data. Examiners shall use the method for which they have been formally trained, and these procedures shall be correctly matched to the PDD examination format.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices establish procedures for the systematic interpretation and analysis of Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD) data.
1.2 Any test data analysis procedure used shall be correctly matched to the PDD examination format. Examiners shall use evaluation methods for which they have been formally trained.
1.2.1 Acceptable test data analysis procedures are those published in refereed or technical journals, and for which published replications of the procedures have confirmed their efficacy.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes essential and recommended elements in the procedures for the conduct of a psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) examination.
1.1.1 Other unique PDD applications are addressed separately.

SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions used in forensic psychophysiology. Legal or scientific terms that generally are understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources may not be included.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM committee; for example, ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineering.
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field are identified with an abbreviation.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These terms have particular application to the scientific discipline of forensic psychophysiology. In addition, a hierarchy of sources of definitions are used in the development of this terminology. The hierarchy is as follows: Websters's New World Dictionary, Third College Edition; technical dictionaries; and, the Compilation of ASTM Standard Definitions. The subcommittee developed a suitable definition after all of the sources in the hierarchy are found wanting.
SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions used in forensic psychophysiology. Legal or scientific terms that generally are understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources may not be included.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM committee; for example, ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineering.
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field are identified with an abbreviation.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide is intended to ensure that those individuals who are practicing PDD (polygraph) examinations maintain their proficiency in the profession. Changes are constantly being made in the areas of instrumentation, testing format, and procedures, as well as legislation which affects the conduct of the industry. It is important that the individual PDD examiner be aware of changes in technology.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes the minimum amount of advanced continuing education required for individuals engaged in psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) examinations.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is intended to ensure that those individuals who are administering PDD examinations of sex offenders are proficient in such testing techniques.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes the minimum training required for PDD examiners engaged in the psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) examinations for applications with individuals in treatment, or probation or parole for sex offenses.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Clinical PDD examinations refer to the employment of polygraph instrumentation for the purpose of detecting deception or verifying truthfulness of statements of individuals under court supervision, or in treatment for the commission of a sex offense.
Clinical PDD examinations are specifically intended to assist in the detection, treatment, or supervision of sex offenders.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes procedures for conducting a clinical polygraph examination (CPE), to include, but not limited to, post conviction sex offender testing (PCSOT). This PDD model is specifically intended to assist in the treatment and supervision of sex offenders on probation, parole, or a deferred prosecution alternative.
1.2 This guide also applies to the conduct of clinical polygraph examinations for therapeutic purposes when requested by a presiding legal authority.
1.3 This guide directs that such examiners for this application are specifically trained in issues associated with supervision and treatment of sex offenders.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The development of a canon of ethics signifies the maturity in a specialized field of endeavor, that the practitioners recognize their collective responsibility to the individual and to the public welfare. The ethical standards set forth in this guide hold all PDD examiners to a code of practice that elevates the profession above personal interests, for the benefit of justice and society. Because licensing requirements of PDD examiners vary from state to state, the establishment of ethical practices is imperative.
SCOPE
1.1 The purpose of this guide is to establish ethical requirements for all individuals engaged in forensic psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD).
1.2 All individuals engaged in the practice of conducting PDD examinations shall adhere to this guide.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide sets forth the minimum requirements for instrumentation and software when conducting PDD examinations. For additional information see Practice E 1954 and Guide E 2000.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the minimum requirements for instrumentation (both analog and computerized systems), sensors and operating software used in the forensic psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD). As a minimum, such instrumentation shall simultaneously record an individuals respiratory, electrodermal, and cardiovascular activity.
1.2 This guide does not prohibit additional components, which may be offered as supplemental measurements of physiological change. Additional recording components may be used in addition to but not to replace the required minimum components.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes procedures for conducting a clinical polygraph examination (CPE), to include, but not limited to, post conviction sex offender testing (PCSOT). This PDD model is specifically intended to assist in the treatment and supervision of sex offenders on probation, parole, or a deferred prosecution alternative.
1.2 This guide also applies to the conduct of clinical polygraph examinations for therapeutic purposes when requested by a presiding legal authority.
1.3 This guide directs that such examiners for this application are specifically trained in issues associated with supervision and treatment of sex offenders.

SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions used in forensic psychophysiology. Legal or scientific terms that generally are understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources may not be included.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM committee; for example, ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineering.
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field are identified with an abbreviation.

SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions used in forensic psychophysiology. Legal and scientific terms that generally are understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources may not be included.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM committee; for example, ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineering.
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field are identified with an abbreviation.

ABSTRACT
This practice establishes essential and renumbered elements in the design, conduct, and reporting of research (both laboratory and field) on the psychophysiological detection of deception (polygraph). In laboratory research, all procedures shall be documented in sufficient detail such that others can replicate them. Subject manipulation shall require minimal human interaction; however, when human interaction is deemed necessary, such procedure shall be standardized to the extent possible. Also, when studies of exploratory nature are conducted, they shall be clearly identified as exploratory studies. In field research, on the other hand, the procedure for case selection shall be reported in sufficient detail, including the qualifications of the polygraph testing and chart evaluating participants. In cases where departures from conventional field practice are encountered, these shall be documented in sufficient detail including an explanation for the nonstandard procedures. For both laboratory and field research, statements of generalization shall be limited to those which can be supported by data, procedures, and statistical methodology. Polygraph testing shall be carried out in terms of evidentiary psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) examinations and investigative PDD examinations, the validity and utility of which shall conform to the requirements specified. Investigative PDD examinations may resort to a "successive hurdles" approach to satisfy the minimum validity requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes essential and recommended elements in the design, conduct, and reporting of research on psychophysiological detection of deception (polygraph) (PDD). Analog and field research are addressed separately.

ABSTRACT
This practice establishes essential and renumbered elements in the design, conduct, and reporting of research (both laboratory and field) on the psychophysiological detection of deception (polygraph). In laboratory research, all procedures shall be documented in sufficient detail such that others can replicate them. Subject manipulation shall require minimal human interaction; however, when human interaction is deemed necessary, such procedure shall be standardized to the extent possible. Also, when studies of exploratory nature are conducted, they shall be clearly identified as exploratory studies. In field research, on the other hand, the procedure for case selection shall be reported in sufficient detail, including the qualifications of the polygraph testing and chart evaluating participants. In cases where departures from conventional field practice are encountered, these shall be documented in sufficient detail including an explanation for the nonstandard procedures. For both laboratory and field research, statements of generalization shall be limited to those which can be supported by data, procedures, and statistical methodology. Polygraph testing shall be carried out in terms of evidentiary psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) examinations and investigative PDD examinations, the validity and utility of which shall conform to the requirements specified. Investigative PDD examinations may resort to a "successive hurdles" approach to satisfy the minimum validity requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers essential and recommended elements in the design, conduct, and reporting of research on psychophysiological detection of deception (polygraph). Analog and field research are addressed separately.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This guide establishes the essential and recommended elements in the procedures for conducting a psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) screening examination. Covered here are the appropriate location and test conditions, the proper pretest, intest and posttest practices, and the correct evaluation procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes essential and recommended elements in the procedures for the conduct of a psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) screening examination.

ABSTRACT
This practice establishes essential and recommended procedures for the conduct of quality control for a Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD) examination, or polygraph examinations. The procedures state that all PDD examinations may be subjected to a quality control review. Experienced examiners who are trained in the PDD format utilized by the original examiner are qualified to conduct a quality control review of an examination. A quality control review shall be independent and objective and meet all applicable ASTM standards. The quality control process should involve the review of test data analysis of all charts collected, questions and answers utilized, the PDD report, among others. The person conducting the quality control review shall attest, in writing, as to whether the test data supports the conclusion rendered by the original examiner. All PDD documents and test data shall remain available for a quality control review for no less than a year or until the incident or circumstance requiring the examination to be conducted has been completely adjudicated.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes essential and recommended procedures for the conduct of quality control for a Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD) examination.

SCOPE
1.1 Standard guide for the derivation of quantitative assessments of the credibility of proposed witness testimony through the application of established statistical principles to combinations of PDD examination results, and for the utilization of such assessments in the interests of justice (The Marin Protocol)
1.2 This standard describes circumstances in which proven statistical principles, applied to PDD results, can reliably quantify the trustworthiness or untrustworthiness of witness testimony, and
1.2.1 Delineates requirements necessary to effect the generation and practical use of such results, including:
1.2.1.1 Criteria regarding witnesses to be examined,
1.2.1.2 Criteria for determining facts upon which witnesses are to be examined,
1.2.1.3 Certification of examiners eligible to conduct examinations,
1.2.1.4 Combinations of results which support strong inferences, and
1.2.1.5 Appropriate uses to which strong inferences can be put.
1.3 Courts and others responsible for adjudicating questions of fact may choose whether and when to invoke paired PDD testing.
1.3.1 This guide expresses the rights and obligations of all participants in order to best serve the interests of justice when it is invoked.
1.3.2 Paired PDD testing must not be invoked in any case in any jurisdiction where to do so would violate the laws of that jurisdiction.
1.3.3 Adherence to these guidelines ensures that the conclusions reached will be valid.
1.4 This standard is directed to the proposed testimony of witnesses in criminal, civil, administrative and family court litigation, regarding factual claims, where
1.4.1 It is unlikely that the witnesses could be honestly mistaken, and
1.4.2 The facts in dispute are such that the case may hinge on whom the trier of fact believes; whenever,
1.4.3 Witnesses on opposite sides of a case offer contradictory testimony.
1.4.4 Two or more witnesses testifying for one side offer mutually corroborating testimony.

SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions used in forensic psychophysiology. Legal and scientific terms that generally are understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources may not be included.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM committee; for example, ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineering.
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field are identified with an abbreviation.

SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions used in forensic psychophysiology. Legal and scientific terms that generally are understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources may not be included.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM committee; for example, ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineering.
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field are identified with an abbreviation.

ABSTRACT
This practice establishes both the global and the numerical procedures for the systematic interpretation and analysis of psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) data. Examiners shall use the method for which they have been formally trained, and these procedures shall be correctly matched to the PDD examination format.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes procedures for the systematic interpretation and analysis of Psychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD) data.
1.2 Any test data analysis procedure used shall be correctly matched to the PDD examination format. Examiners shall use evaluation methods for which they have been formally trained.
1.2.1 Acceptable test data analysis procedures are those published in refereed or technical journals, and for which published replications of the procedures have confirmed their efficacy.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the minimum basic education and training required for an individual involved in the psychological detection of deception in using instruments which measure physiological responses in the areas of breathing or respiration, changes in electrodermal activity, and changes in pulse rate and relative blood pressure.
1.2 For additional standards promulgated by ASTM Committee, see Practice E1954.

SCOPE
1.1 The purpose of this guide is to establish ethical requirements for all individuals engaged in forensic psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD).
1.2 All individuals engaged in the practice of conducting PDD examinations shall adhere to this guide.

SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions used in forensic psychophysiology. Legal and scientific terms that generally are understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources may not be included.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM committee; for example, ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineering.
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field are identified with an abbreviation.

SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions used in forensic psychophysiology. Legal and scientific terms that generally are understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources may not be included.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM committee; for example, ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineering.
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field are identified with an abbreviation.

SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions used in forensic psychophysiology. Legal and scientific terms that generally are understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources may not be included.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM committee; for example, ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineering.
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field are identified with an abbreviation.

SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms and corresponding definitions used in forensic psychophysiology. Legal and scientific terms that generally are understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources may not be included.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years, and the year of the last review or revision is appended.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the identifying document and ASTM committee; for example, ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineering.
1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field are identified with an abbreviation.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes minimum advanced continuing education training required for individuals engaged in psychophysiological detection of deception (PDD) testing of sex offenders.