ASTM D4886-88(2002)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Geotextiles (Sand Paper/Sliding Block Method)
Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Geotextiles (Sand Paper/Sliding Block Method)
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of resistance of geotextiles to abrasion using an abrasion tester. This test method at this point has only been evaluated for geotextiles-not geomembranes, grids, etc. Therefore, the test method is designated for geotextiles, not geosynthetics, as all products may not lend themselves to this test method for abrasion. If later developments indicate a wider scope for this test method, appropriate changes will be made.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in inch-pound units are provided as information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D4886–88(Reapproved 2002)
Standard Test Method for
Abrasion Resistance of Geotextiles (Sand Paper/Sliding
Block Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4886; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2 abrasion, n—the wearing away of any part of a
material by rubbing against another surface. D123
1.1 This test method covers the determination of resistance
3.1.3 geotextiles, n—any permeable textile used with foun-
of geotextiles to abrasion using an abrasion tester. This test
dation, soil, rock, earth, or any other geotechnical engineering
method at this point has only been evaluated for geotextiles—
related material as an integral part of a man-made project,
not geomembranes, grids, etc. Therefore, the test method is
structure, or system. D4439
designated for geotextiles, not geosynthetics, as all products
3.1.4 For definitions of other terms used in this test method,
may not lend themselves to this test method for abrasion. If
refer to Terminologies D123 or D4439.
later developments indicate a wider scope for this test method,
appropriate changes will be made.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.1 A test specimen, mounted on a stationary platform is
standard. The values given in inch-pound units are provided as
rubbed by an abradant with specified surface characteristics.
information only.
Under controlled conditions of pressure and abrasive action,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the abradant is rubbed on a horizontal axis using a uniaxional
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
motion. Resistance to abrasions is expressed as a percentage of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
original strength before abrading.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents 5.1 This test method may be used for acceptance testing of
2 commercial shipments of geotextiles, but caution is advised
2.1 ASTM Standards:
since information on the precision of the test is lacking.
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
Comparative testing as directed in 5.1.1 may be advisable.
D1682 Methods of Test for Breaking Load and Elongation
3 5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in
of Textile Fabrics
reported test results when using this test method, the purchaser
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine
D4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics for Testing
if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Compe-
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
tent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation
3. Terminology of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of
testspecimensthatareashomogeneousaspossibleandthatare
3.1 Definitions:
from a lot of material of the type in question. The test
3.1.1 atmosphere for testing geotextiles, n—air maintained
specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers
at a relative humidity of 65 6 5 % and a temperature of 21 6
to each laboratory for testing.The average results from the two
2°C (70 6 4°F). D4439
laboratories should be compared using Student’s t-test for
unpaireddataandanacceptableprobabilitylevelchosenbythe
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either
Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.02 on Endur-
its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the
ance Properties.
supplier must agree to interpret future test results in light of the
Current edition approved Nov. 25, 1988. Published January 1989. DOI: 10.1520/
D4886-88R02.
known bias.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.2 The resistance of abrasion is also greatly affected by the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
conditions of the tests, such as the nature of abradant, variable
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
action of the abradant over the area of specimen abraded, the
the ASTM website.
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D4886–88 (2002)
NOTE 1—Abrasion testing is a nonroutine quality control test for
tension of the specimen, the pressure between the specimen
geotextiles and will not normally be performed on every lot by the
and abradant, and the dimensional changes in the specimens.
manufacturer or supplier. When testing for abrasion is performed, how-
5.3 The resistance of geotextile materials to abrasion as
ever, the sampling should be as described in Section 7.
measured on a testing machine in the laboratory is generally
7.2 Laboratory Sample—Take for the laboratory sample, a
only one of several factors contributing to performance or
swatch extending the width of the fabric and approximately 1
durability as experienced in the actual use of the material.
m (39 in.) along the selvage from each roll in the lot sample.
While “abrasion resistance” and“ durability” are frequently
The swatch may be taken from the end portion of a roll
related, the relationship varies with different end uses, and
provided there is no evidence that it is distorted or different
different factors may be necessary in any calculation of
from other portions of the roll. In cases of dispute, take a
predicted durability from specific abrasion data. Laboratory
swatch that will exclude fabric from the outer wrap of the roll
tests may be reliable as an indication of relative end-use
or the inner wrap around the core.
performance in cases where the difference in abrasion resis-
7.3 Test Specimens—From each swatch in the laboratory
tanceofvariousmaterialsislarge,buttheyshouldnotberelied
sample, prepare two sets of specimens each containing five
upon for prediction of actual in-situation life in specific end
specimens.Cutrectangularspecimens75by200 61mm(3by
uses unless there are data showing the specific relationship
8 6 ⁄16 in.). Cut the set of specimens to be tested in the
between laboratory abrasion tests and actual in-situation life in
machine direction with the longer dimension parallel to the
the intended end-use.
machine direction and the set of specimens to be tested in the
5.4 These general observations apply to all types of fabrics,
cross-machine direction with the longer dimension in the
including woven, nonwoven, and knit fabrics.
cross-machine direction. Take each set of specimens from a
5.5 If there is a disagreement arising from differences in
swatch along a diagonal so that they will be taken from
values reported by the purchaser and the seller when using this
different positions across the length and width of the swatch.
test method for acceptance testing, the statistical bias, if any,
Take no specimens nearer to the selvage than ⁄20 th of the
between the laboratory of the purchaser and the laboratory of
fabric width or 150 mm (6 in.), whichever is the smaller.
the seller should be determined with each comparison being
based on testing specimens randomly drawn from one sam-
8. Conditioning
pling unit of material of the type being evaluated.
8.1 Bring the specimens to
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