Standard Test Method for Evaluation of the Thermal and Oxidative Stability of Lubricating Oils Used for Manual Transmissions and Final Drive Axles

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method measures the tendency of automotive manual transmission and final drive lubricants to deteriorate under high-temperature conditions, resulting in thick oil, sludge, carbon and varnish deposits, and the formation of corrosive products. This deterioration can lead to serious equipment performance problems, including, in particular, seal failures due to deposit formation at the shaft-seal interface. This test method is used to screen lubricants for problematic additives and base oils with regard to these tendencies.
This test method is used or referred to in the following documents:
5.2.1 American Petroleum Institute (API) Publication 1560-Lubricant Service Designations for Automotive Manual Transmissions, Manual Transaxles, and Axles,7  
5.2.2 STP-512A–Laboratory Performance Tests for Automotive Gear Lubricants Intended for API GL-5 Service,8  
5.2.3 SAE J308-Information Report on Axle and Manual Transmission Lubricants,9 and
5.2.4 U.S. Military Specification MIL-L-2105D.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-60-1 test. It covers the oil-thickening, insolubles-formation, and deposit-formation characteristics of automotive manual transmission and final drive axle lubricating oils when subjected to high-temperature oxidizing conditions.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard except for the catalyst weight loss and oil weight measurements, for which the unit is gram; the oil volume, for which the unit is millilitre; the alternator output, for which the unit is watt; and the air flow, for which the unit is milligram per minute. The other SI values, which are in parentheses, are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning information is given in Sections 7 and 8 and Annex A3.

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Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2007
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ASTM D5704-07 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of the Thermal and Oxidative Stability of Lubricating Oils Used for Manual Transmissions and Final Drive Axles
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation: D 5704 – 07
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of the Thermal and Oxidative Stability of
Lubricating Oils Used for Manual Transmissions and Final
1
Drive Axles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5704; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-60-1
2
ity)
test. It covers the oil-thickening, insolubles-formation, and
D664 TestMethodforAcidNumberofPetroleumProducts
deposit-formation characteristics of automotive manual trans-
by Potentiometric Titration
mission and final drive axle lubricating oils when subjected to
D893 Test Method for Insolubles in Used Lubricating Oils
high-temperature oxidizing conditions.
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Determine Conformance with Specifications
as the standard except for the catalyst weight loss and oil
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
weight measurements, for which the unit is gram; the oil
4
2.2 ANSI Standard:
volume, for which the unit is millilitre; the alternator output,
ANSI/ISA-S7.3 Quality Standard for Instrument Air
for which the unit is watt; and the air flow, for which the unit
5
2.3 Military Specification:
is milligram per minute. The other SI values, which are in
MIL-L-2105D Lubricating Oil, Gear, Multipurpose
parentheses, are for information only.
6
2.4 ASTM Adjuncts:
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Engineering Drawings
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Terminology
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1 Definitions:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning
3.1.1 carbon, n—in manual transmissions and final drive
information is given in Sections 7 and 8 and Annex A3.
axles, a hard, dry, generally black or gray deposit that can be
2. Referenced Documents removed by solvents but not by wiping with a cloth.
3 3.1.2 lubricant, n—in manual transmission and final drive
2.1 ASTM Standards:
axles, lubricating oil.
B224 Classification of Coppers
3.1.3 sludge, n—in manual transmissions and final drive
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
axles,adepositprincipallycomposedofthelubricatingoiland
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
oxidation products that do not drain from parts but can be
removed by wiping with a cloth.
1
3.1.4 thermal and oxidative stability, n—in lubricating oils
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
used for manual transmissions and final drive axles, a lack of
D02.B0.03 on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids.
deterioration of the lubricating oil under high-temperature
Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published May 2007. Originally
conditions that is observed as viscosity increase of the lubri-
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5704–06.
2
catingoil,insolublesformationinthelubricatingoil,ordeposit
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center
(TMC) will update changes in this test method by means of Information Letters.
formation on the parts, or a combination thereof.
Information Letters may be obtained from theASTMTest Monitoring Center, 6555
Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. Attention: Administrator. This edition
4
incorporates revisions in all Information Letters through 06–2.TheTMC is also the Joint standard ofANSI/ISA.Available from Instrument Society ofAmerica, 67
source of reference oils. Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12277, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
3 5
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.
6
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Detailed drawings necessary for rig construction. Available from ASTM
the ASTM website.
International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJD5704A.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D5704–07
3.1.5 varnish, n—i
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