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ASTM C417-05(2015)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Unfired Monolithic Refractories

Standard Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Unfired Monolithic Refractories

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The thermal conductivity of monolithic refractories is a property required for selecting their thermal transmission characteristics. Users select monolithic refractories to provide specified conditions of heat loss and cold face temperature, without exceeding the temperature limitation of the monolithic refractory. This test method establishes placement of thermocouples and positioning of test specimens in the calorimeter.  
3.2 This procedure must be used with Test Method C201 and requires a large thermal gradient and steady state conditions. The results are based upon a mean temperature.  
3.3 The data from this test method are suitable for specification acceptance, estimating heat loss and surface temperature, and the design of multi-layer refractory construction.  
3.4 The use of these data requires consideration of the actual application environment and conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method supplements Test Method C201, and shall be used in conjunction with that test method for determining the thermal conductivity of unfired monolithic refractories.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2015
ICS
81.080 - Refractories
Technical Committee
C08 - Refractories
Drafting Committee
C08.02 - Thermal Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C417 −05 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
1
Thermal Conductivity of Unfired Monolithic Refractories
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C417; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope refractory. This test method establishes placement of thermo-
couples and positioning of test specimens in the calorimeter.
1.1 This test method supplements Test Method C201, and
shall be used in conjunction with that test method for deter- 3.2 This procedure must be used with Test Method C201
mining the thermal conductivity of unfired monolithic refrac- and requires a large thermal gradient and steady state condi-
tories. tions. The results are based upon a mean temperature.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded 3.3 The data from this test method are suitable for specifi-
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical cation acceptance, estimating heat loss and surface
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only temperature, and the design of multi-layer refractory construc-
and are not considered standard. tion.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.4 Theuseofthesedatarequiresconsiderationoftheactual
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
application environment and conditions.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 4. Apparatus
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 The apparatus shall be in accordance with Test Method
C201, modified as in 4.2 of this test method, with the addition
2. Referenced Documents
of thermocouples and refractory fiber paper, as described in
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Sections 6 and 7.
C182 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Insulating
4.2 The furnace shall be modified by drilling a nominal
Firebrick
3
⁄8-in. (10-mm) diameter hole (Fig. 1) through the insulating
C201 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Refractories
firebrick in the furnace wall at each end of the center line of the
C862 Practice for Preparing Refractory Concrete Specimens
18-in. (456-mm) dimension of the furnace cavity. These holes
by Casting
shall be positioned so that the length of the hole will be parallel
C1054 Practice for Pressing and Drying Refractory Plastic
to the calorimeter surface and the bottom of the hole will
and Ramming Mix Specimens
coincide with the surface of the calorimeter. Copper tubing
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By
shall be placed within each hole so that a compressed-air
Comparison Techniques
source can be attached to one side and flexible leads to a
flowmeter can be attached to the other.
3. Significance and Use
4.3 A compressed-air supply and flowmeter for air.
3.1 The thermal conductivity of monolithic refractories is a
property required for selecting their thermal transmission
5. Test Specimens
characteristics. Users select monolithic refractories to provide
5.1 Castable Refractories—The test specimens may consist
specified conditions of heat loss and cold face temperature,
1 1
of either a panel 18 by 13 ⁄2 by 2 ⁄2 in. (456 by 342 by 64 mm),
without exceeding the temperature limitation of the monolithic
1 1
or an assembly of three straights 9 by 4 ⁄2 by 2 ⁄2 in. (228 by
1 1
114 by 64 mm) and six soaps 9 by 2 ⁄4 by 2 ⁄2 in. (228 by 57
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
by 64 mm). These specimens shall be prepared as in one of the
Refractoriesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.02 on Thermal
following methods and in general accordance with the manu-
Properties.
facturer’s recommendation for water content and Practice
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015. Published October 2015. Originally
ϵ1
C862.
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C417 – 05(2010) .
DOI: 10.1520/C0417-05R15.
5.1.1 Panel Specimens—This test specimen shall be a
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1 1
monolithic panel 18 by 13 ⁄2 by 2 ⁄2 in. (456 by 342 by 64 mm)
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
in size, and shall be prepared in general accordance with
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Practice C862, as outlined in 5.1. The panel shall be cast in a
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C417−05 (2015)
5.2 Plastic Refractori
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: C417 − 05 (Reapproved 2010) C417 − 05 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
1
Thermal Conductivity of Unfired Monolithic Refractories
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C417; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Units of measure were editorially corrected in September 2010 in accordance with 1.2.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method supplements Test Method C201, and shall be used in conjunction with that test method for determining
the thermal conductivity of unfired monolithic refractories.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C182 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Insulating Firebrick
C201 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Refractories
C862 Practice for Preparing Refractory Concrete Specimens by Casting
C1054 Practice for Pressing and Drying Refractory Plastic and Ramming Mix Specimens
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By Comparison Techniques
3. Significance and Use
3.1 The thermal conductivity of monolithic refractories is a property required for selecting their thermal transmission
characteristics. Users select monolithic refractories to provide specified conditions of heat loss and cold face temperature, without
exceeding the temperature limitation of the monolithic refractory. This test method establishes placement of thermocouples and
positioning of test specimens in the calorimeter.
3.2 This procedure must be used with Test Method C201 and requires a large thermal gradient and steady state conditions. The
results are based upon a mean temperature.
3.3 The data from this test method are suitable for specification acceptance, estimating heat loss and surface temperature, and
the design of multi-layer refractory construction.
3.4 The use of these data requires consideration of the actual application environment and conditions.
4. Apparatus
4.1 The apparatus shall be in accordance with Test Method C201, modified as in 4.2 of this test method, with the addition of
thermocouples and refractory fiber paper, as described in Sections 6 and 7.
3
4.2 The furnace shall be modified by drilling a nominal ⁄8-in. (10-mm) diameter hole (Fig. 1) through the insulating firebrick
in the furnace wall at each end of the center line of the 18-in. (456-mm) dimension of the furnace cavity. These holes shall be
positioned so that the length of the hole will be parallel to the calorimeter surface and the bottom of the hole will coincide with
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on Refractoriesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.02 on Thermal Properties.
Current edition approved April 1, 2010Oct. 1, 2015. Published September 2010October 2015. Originally approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 20052010
ϵ1
as C417 – 05.C417 – 05(2010) . DOI: 10.1520/C0417-05R10E01.10.1520/C0417-05R15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C417 − 05 (2015)
A—Inlet air
B—Exhaust air
C—Transite board
D—Group 16 IFB
E—Group 28 IFB
F—Group 28 grindings
G—Calorimeter assembly
3
H—Copper tubing, nominal ⁄8-in. (10-mm) diameter
I—Center calorimeter
FIG. 1 Furnace Modification
the surface of the calorimeter. Copper tubing shall be placed within each hole so that a compressed-air source can be attached to
one side and flexible leads to a flowmeter can be attached to the other.
4.3 A compressed-air supply and flowmeter for air.
5. Test Specimens
1 1
5.1 Castable Refract
...

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3.1 The oxidation of silicon carbide refractories at elevated temperatures is an important consideration in the application of these refractories. The product of oxidation is amorphous silica or cristobalite, depending upon the temperature at which oxidation takes place. This oxide formation is associated with expansion and degradation of strength. The quantity of water vapor in the atmosphere greatly affects the rate of oxidation.  
3.2 The test, which creates and measures the expansion, is suitable for guidance in product development and relative comparison in application work where oxidation potential is of concern. The variability of the test is such that it is not recommended for use as a referee test.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the oxidation resistance of silicon carbide refractories at elevated temperatures in an atmosphere of steam. The steam is used to accelerate the test. Oxidation resistance is the ability of the silicon carbide (SiC) in the refractory to resist conversion to silicon dioxide (SiO2) and its attendant crystalline growth.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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