ASTM D4580-23
(Practice)Standard Practice for Measuring Delamination in Concrete Bridge Decks by Sounding
Standard Practice for Measuring Delamination in Concrete Bridge Decks by Sounding
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This practice may be used in conjunction with other methods in determining the general condition of concrete bridge decks.
2.2 This practice may be used in determining specific areas of delamination requiring repair.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for surveying concrete bridge decks by sounding to determine delamination in the concrete. It is not intended that the procedures described herein are to be used on bridge decks that have been overlaid with asphalt mixtures. The procedures may be used on bridge decks that have been overlaid with portland cement concrete mixtures; however, areas indicated to be delaminated may have a lack of bond between the overlay and the underlying bridge deck (Note 1).
Note 1: The influence of variable field conditions such as traffic noise, vibration, moisture content of the concrete, and the like, are not completely known and additional investigation may be needed. It is generally agreed that the practice should not be used on frozen concrete.
1.2 The following three procedures are covered in this practice:
1.2.1 Procedure A, Electro-Mechanical Sounding Device—This procedure uses an electric-powered tapping device, sonic receiver, and recorder mounted on a cart. The cart is pushed across the bridge deck and the delamination is recorded on the recorder.
1.2.2 Procedure B, Chain Drag—This procedure consists of dragging a chain over the bridge deck surface. The detection of delamination is accomplished by the operator noting dull or hollow sounds. Tapping the bridge deck surface with a steel rod or hammer may be substituted for the chain drag.
1.2.3 Procedure C, Rotary Percussion2—This procedure consists of rolling a dual-wheel, multi-toothed apparatus attached to an extension pole over the bridge deck surface. The percussive force caused by the tapping wheels will create either a dull or hollow sound, indicating any delamination.
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.5 Since a complete Precision and Bias statement for this standard has not been developed, the standard practice is to be used for research and informational purposes only. Therefore, this standard should not be used for acceptance or rejection of a material for purchasing purposes.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4580 − 23
Standard Practice for
Measuring Delamination in Concrete Bridge Decks by
1
Sounding
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4580; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope percussive force caused by the tapping wheels will create either
a dull or hollow sound, indicating any delamination.
1.1 This practice covers procedures for surveying concrete
bridge decks by sounding to determine delamination in the
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
concrete. It is not intended that the procedures described herein
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
are to be used on bridge decks that have been overlaid with
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for
asphalt mixtures. The procedures may be used on bridge decks
information only and are not considered standard.
that have been overlaid with portland cement concrete mix-
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
tures; however, areas indicated to be delaminated may have a
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
lack of bond between the overlay and the underlying bridge
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
deck (Note 1).
as requirements of the standard.
NOTE 1—The influence of variable field conditions such as traffic noise,
1.5 Since a complete Precision and Bias statement for this
vibration, moisture content of the concrete, and the like, are not com-
standard has not been developed, the standard practice is to be
pletely known and additional investigation may be needed. It is generally
agreed that the practice should not be used on frozen concrete.
used for research and informational purposes only. Therefore,
this standard should not be used for acceptance or rejection of
1.2 The following three procedures are covered in this
a material for purchasing purposes.
practice:
1.2.1 Procedure A, Electro-Mechanical Sounding Device—
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
This procedure uses an electric-powered tapping device, sonic
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
receiver, and recorder mounted on a cart. The cart is pushed
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
across the bridge deck and the delamination is recorded on the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
recorder.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.2.2 Procedure B, Chain Drag—This procedure consists of
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dragging a chain over the bridge deck surface. The detection of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
delamination is accomplished by the operator noting dull or
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
hollow sounds. Tapping the bridge deck surface with a steel rod
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
or hammer may be substituted for the chain drag.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
2
1.2.3 Procedure C, Rotary Percussion —This procedure
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
consists of rolling a dual-wheel, multi-toothed apparatus at-
tached to an extension pole over the bridge deck surface. The
2. Significance and Use
2.1 This practice may be used in conjunction with other
methods in determining the general condition of concrete
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and
bridge decks.
Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.32 on
Bridges and Structures.
2.2 This practice may be used in determining specific areas
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published May 2023. Originally
of delamination requiring repair.
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D4580/D4580M – 12
(2018). DOI: 10.1520/D4580-23.
2
The rotary sound detecting device for concrete and procedure are patent PROCEDURE A – ELECTRO-MECHANICAL
pending in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office by Philip K. Clark Company, Inc.,
SOUNDING DEVICE
503 Central Drive, Suite 102, Virginia Beach, VA 23454. Interested parties are
invited to submit information regarding the identification of an alternative(s) to this
3. Summary of Procedure
patent pending item to ASTM International Headquarters, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,
PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Your comments will receive
1
3.1 L
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4580/D4580M − 12 (Reapproved 2018) D4580 − 23
Standard Practice for
Measuring DelaminationsDelamination in Concrete Bridge
1
Decks by Sounding
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4580/D4580M;D4580; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers procedures for surveying concrete bridge decks by sounding to determine delaminationsdelamination in
the concrete. It is not intended that the procedures described herein are to be used on bridge decks that have been overlaid with
bituminousasphalt mixtures. The procedures may be used on bridge decks that have been overlaid with portland cement concrete
mixtures; however, areas indicated to be delaminated may have a lack of bond between the overlay and the underlying bridge deck
(Note 1).
NOTE 1—The influence of variable field conditions such as traffic noise, vibration, moisture content of the concrete, and the like, are not completely known
and additional investigation may be needed. It is generally agreed that the practice should not be used on frozen concrete.
1.2 The following three procedures are covered in this practice:
1.2.1 Procedure A, Electro-Mechanical Sounding Device—This procedure uses an electric-powered tapping device, sonic receiver,
and recorder mounted on a cart. The cart is pushed across the bridge deck and delaminations are the delamination is recorded on
the recorder.
1.2.2 Procedure B, Chain Drag—This procedure consists of dragging a chain over the bridge deck surface. The detection of
delaminationsdelamination is accomplished by the operator noting dull or hollow sounds. Tapping the bridge deck surface with
a steel rod or hammer may be substituted for the chain drag.
2
1.2.3 Procedure C, Rotary Percussion —This procedure consists of rolling a dual-wheel, multi-toothed apparatus attached to an
extension pole over the bridge deck surface. The percussive force caused by the tapping wheels will create either a dull or hollow
sound, indicating any delamination.
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from
the two systems may result in nonconformance with the given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.32 on Bridges and
Structures.
Current edition approved April 1, 2018May 1, 2023. Published April 2018May 2023. Originally approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 20122018 as
D4580/D4580M – 12.D4580/D4580M – 12 (2018). DOI: 10.1520/D4580_D4580M-12R18.10.1520/D4580-23.
2
The rotary sound detecting device for concrete and procedure are patent pending in the USU.S. Patent and Trademark Office by Philip K. Clark Company, Inc., 503
Central Drive, Suite 102, Virginia Beach, VA 23454. Interested parties are invited to submit information regarding the identification of an alternative(s) to this patent pending
item to ASTM International Headquarters, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Your comments will receive careful consideration
1
at a meeting of the responsible technical subcommittee, which you may attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D4580 − 23
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.5 Since a complete Precision and Bias statement for this standard has not been developed, the standard practice is to be used
for research and informational purposes only. Therefore, this standard should not be used for acceptance or rejection of a material
for purchasing purposes.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the us
...
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