ASTM E95-68(2016)

Standard Specification for Cell-Type Oven with Controlled Rates of Ventilation

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the general and design requirements for two types of cell-type ovens based on their rates of ventilation, for determining loss in weight or changes in properties of materials on heating at elevated temperatures. This specification takes into account the fact that chamber geometry, rate of ventilation, and temperature each affect the rate of loss of volatile constituents from a material, or the rate of change in other properties. Hence, this oven is recommended whenever the results are dependent on the time and temperature of heating, the amount of ventilation, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements of a cell-type oven with controlled rates of ventilation for determining loss in weight or changes in properties of materials on heating at elevated temperatures. These specifications take into account the fact that chamber geometry, rate of ventilation, and temperature each affect the rate of loss of volatile constituents from a material, or the rate of change in other properties. This oven is recommended whenever the results are dependent on the time and temperature of heating, the amount of ventilation, or both. It is assumed that specific requirements such as specimen shape and dimensions, rate of ventilation, time, and temperature will be included in the applicable material specifications or test methods.  
Note 1: Ovens meeting these specifications have been found useful for determination of plasticizer loss in plastics, and for controlled aging of elastomers and plastics.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2016
• ICS: 71.040.10 - Chemical laboratories. Laboratory equipment
• Technical Committee: E41 - Laboratory Apparatus
• Drafting Committee: E41.06 - Laboratory Instruments and Equipment

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E95 −68 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Specification for
Cell-Type Oven with Controlled Rates of Ventilation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E95; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope experiment when using the LV-type oven that the rate of
ventilation is adequate to avoid stagnation at the surface of the
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements of a
specimens, as would be caused, for example, by high rates of
cell-type oven with controlled rates of ventilation for deter-
diffusion of volatile constituents through the body of the
mining loss in weight or changes in properties of materials on
specimen.
heating at elevated temperatures.These specifications take into
account the fact that chamber geometry, rate of ventilation, and
3.2 Oven types are classified as follows:
temperature each affect the rate of loss of volatile constituents
Type Ventilation Rate, m/min
from a material, or the rate of change in other properties. This
LV 0.25 to 25
HV 100 to 250
oven is recommended whenever the results are dependent on
the time and temperature of heating, the amount of ventilation,
4. Requirements
or both. It is assumed that specific requirements such as
specimen shape and dimensions, rate of ventilation, time, and
4.1 The oven shall consist of one or more cylindrical cells,
temperature will be included in the applicable material speci-
each having a minimum diameter of 35 mm (1.4 in.) and a
fications or test methods.
minimum length of 300 mm (12 in.). The cells shall be
mounted in a thermostatically controlled, heat-transfer me-
NOTE1—Ovensmeetingthesespecificationshavebeenfoundusefulfor
dium: for example, an aluminum block, a liquid bath, or a
determination of plasticizer loss in plastics, and for controlled aging of
elastomers and plastics. circulating-air oven. The cells shall not be constructed of
copper or a copper alloy.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard.
4.2 The design of the oven shall be such that heated air
enters one end of the cell and is exhausted from the other end
2. Referenced Documents
of it without being recirculated. In order to prevent cross-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
migration of volatile constituents contained in the specimens
D1870 Practice for Elevated Temperature Aging Using a
being tested, air passing over a specimen in one cell shall not
Tubular Oven (Withdrawn 1998)
come in contact with specimens in other cells.
4.3 Air entering the cells shall have been filtered and
3. Types
preheated to within 1°C of the specified temperature for the
3.1 Ovens are classified according to ventilation rate within
space occupied by the specimen. The design shall also permit
the cells, provision being made for low (LV) and high (HV)
the cells to be cleaned easily after each test.
ventilation rates. Thus, for materials showing low rates of
4.4 Provisionshallbemadeformeteringtheairflowthrough
weightlossameansisprovidedfortheirevaluationwithoutthe
each cell within 610 % of any desired rate within the range of
necessity of providing the excessive heat input required by the
the particular type of oven. The air may be metered to each
higher ventilation rate. It should, however, be established by
tube, or a single pressure-control device leading to a plenum
chamber may be used. If a plenum chamber is used, cells
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 on
should be connected to it by passageways or orifices having
Laboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.06 on
restrictions to assure the same rate of airflow to each cell. The
Laboratory Instruments and Equipment.
rate of flow may be measured on the entering air at room
Current edition approved July 1, 2016. Published August 2016. Originally
approved i
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E95 − 68 (Reapproved 2011) E95 − 68 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Specification for
Cell-Type Oven with Controlled Rates of Ventilation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E95; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements of a cell-type oven with controlled rates of ventilation for determining
loss in weight or changes in properties of materials on heating at elevated temperatures. These specifications take into account the
fact that chamber geometry, rate of ventilation, and temperature each affect the rate of loss of volatile constituents from a material,
or the rate of change in other properties. This oven is recommended whenever the results are dependent on the time and
temperature of heating, the amount of ventilation, or both. It is assumed that specific requirements such as specimen shape and
dimensions, rate of ventilation, time, and temperature will be included in the applicable material specifications or test methods.
NOTE 1—Ovens meeting these specifications have been found useful for determination of plasticizer loss in plastics, and for controlled aging of
elastomers and plastics.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1870 Practice for Elevated Temperature Aging Using a Tubular Oven (Withdrawn 1998)
3. Types
3.1 Ovens are classified according to ventilation rate within the cells, provision being made for low (LV) and high (HV)
ventilation rates. Thus, for materials showing low rates of weight loss a means is provided for their evaluation without the necessity
of providing the excessive heat input required by the higher ventilation rate. It should, however, be established by experiment when
using the LV-type oven that the rate of ventilation is adequate to avoid stagnation at the surface of the specimens, as would be
caused, for example, by high rates of diffusion of volatile constituents through the body of the specimen.
3.2 Oven types are classified as follows:
Type Ventilation Rate, m/min
LV 0.25 to 25
HV 100 to 250
4. Requirements
4.1 The oven shall consist of one or more cylindrical cells, each having a minimum diameter of 35 mm (1.4 in.) and a minimum
length of 300 mm (12 in.). The cells shall be mounted in a thermostatically controlled, heat-transfer medium: for example, an
aluminum block, a liquid bath, or a circulating-air oven. The cells shall not be constructed of copper or a copper alloy.
4.2 The design of the oven shall be such that heated air enters one end of the cell and is exhausted from the other end of it
without being recirculated. In order to prevent cross-migration of volatile constituents contained in the specimens being tested, air
passing over a specimen in one cell shall not come in contact with specimens in other cells.
4.3 Air entering the cells shall have been filtered and preheated to within 1°C of the specified temperature for the space occupied
by the specimen. The design shall also permit the cells to be cleaned easily after each test.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 on Laboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.06 on Weighing
DevicesLaboratory Instruments and Equipment.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011July 1, 2016. Published December 2011August 2016. Originally approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 20062011 as
E95 – 68 (2006).(2011). DOI: 10.1520/E0095-68R11.10.1520/E0095-68R16.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM webs
...