ASTM D4682-87(1996)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Miscibility with Gasoline and Fluidity of Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engine Lubricants
Standard Specification for Miscibility with Gasoline and Fluidity of Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engine Lubricants
SCOPE
1.1 This specification describes four categories of lubricants intended for use in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline engines based on their miscibility with gasoline and their low-temperature fluidity.
1.2 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods described in this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The values for temperature, pressure, etc. stated in SI units are the standard.
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Standards Content (Sample)
Designation: D 4682 – 87 (Reapproved 1996) An American National Standard
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Specification for
Miscibility with Gasoline and Fluidity of Two-Stroke-Cycle
1
Gasoline Engine Lubricants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4682; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope lubricant introduced into the apparatus as separate phases to
produce a single-phase mixture by agitation under controlled
1.1 This specification describes four categories of lubricants
conditions.
intended for use in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline
engines based on their miscibility with gasoline and their
4. Classification
low-temperature fluidity.
4.1 The candidate oils are classified into Categories 1
1.2 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
through 4 according to the temperature at which the tests are
test methods described in this specification. This standard does
conducted; respectively, 0°C (32°F), −10°C (14°F), −25°C
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,
(−13°F), and −40°C (−40°F). Each category has its own
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
reference oil, which is the same for both the miscibility and
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
fluidity tests.
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
to use.
5. Qualification Requirements
1.3 The values for temperature, pressure, and so forth stated
5.1 Miscibility—When tested in accordance with Section 6,
in SI units are the standard.
candidate oils that mix with the gasoline in not more than 110
2. Referenced Documents
% of the number of inversions of the apparatus required to mix
the reference oil, and that do not separate on standing, qualify
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
as miscible.
D 97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
3
5.2 Fluidity—When tested in accordance with Section 7,
D 439 Specification for Automotive Gasoline
candidate oils meet the requirements for fluidity if their
D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
viscosity is not more than 10 % higher than that of the
and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic
2
reference oil.
Viscosity)
D 874 Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils
TEST METHODS
2
and Additives
D 2983 Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of
6. Miscibility Test Method
Automotive Fluid Lubricants Measured by Brookfield
4 6.1 Summary of Test Method:
Viscometer
6.1.1 The candidate oil and gasoline are placed as separate
3. Terminology phases in a stoppered-glass cylinder and mixed by end-over-
end rotation of the cylinder under controlled conditions at the
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
temperature appropriate to the category of the oil.
3.1.1 fluidity—of two-stroke-cycle gasoline engine lubri-
cants, following industry practice, this term is used to desig-
NOTE 1—This procedure specifies that the lubricant be mixed with
nate the absolute viscosity in millipascal·seconds (centipoises)
gasoline. Some fuels in current use are partially or predominately
composed of oxygenated compounds such as alcohols, and some lubri-
of the lubricant under test. In general usage, fluidity is the
cants that mix readily with gasoline may not mix with such fuels. A variant
reciprocal of absolute viscosity.
procedure can be run to determine the ability of a lubricant to mix
3.1.2 miscibility—of two-stroke-cycle gasoline engine lubri-
satisfactorily with a fuel consisting partially or wholly of oxygenates. In
cants, an inverse function of the time required for a fuel and
this case, the miscibility test must be run using the candidate oil in the
oxygenate or oxygenate-containing fuel against the reference oil in
gasoline.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on
6.2 Significance and Use:
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.B on Automotive Lubricants.
6.2.1 The lubricants used in two-stroke-cycle gasoline en-
Current edition approved May 15, 1987. Published November 1987.
gines normally reach the surfaces to be lubricated as a mixture
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
3
with the fuel. This mixture can either be prepared in advance,
Discontinued; see 1990 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02. usually in the engine fuel tank, or can be produced by the
1
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D 4682
metered injection of oil into the fuel stream at some point 6.4.2 Any full-boiling-range gasoline meeting the general
befor
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