ASTM D1653-03(2008)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Organic Coating Films
Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Organic Coating Films
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
One of the factors affecting the performance provided by an organic coating is its capability of resisting or aiding the passage of water vapor. In some services, for example, exterior wood and masonry, the coating has to allow moderate amounts of water vapor to pass through the film without damage to it. Hence, the water vapor transmission characteristics of coatings are important in assessing their performance in practical use.
The purpose of these test methods is to obtain values of water vapor transfer through coatings that range in permeability from high to low. These values are for use in design, manufacture, and marketing.
The water vapor transmission is not a linear function of film thickness, temperature or relative humidity.
Values of water vapor transmission rate (WVT) and water vapor permeance (WVP) can be used in the relative rating of coatings only if the coatings are tested under the same closely controlled conditions of temperature and relative humidity, and if their thicknesses are equal.
Test Method A—The Dry Cup Method is the preferred test method for obtaining values that relate to conventional dwellings where high relative humidities are not anticipated.
Test Method B—The Wet Cup Method is the preferred test method for obtaining values that relate to applications where high relative humidities are anticipated in the vicinity of the barrier material. In general, the more permeable a coating is to the passage of moisture as is typical of many water-reducible coatings, the greater its affinity for water and the greater the increase in transmission when tested in and exposed to high humidities. Absorption of water may make a coating less dense, thus allowing moisture to diffuse easily and cause a much higher moisture vapor transmission rate, (WVTR) than would occur in drier environments.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the rate at which water vapor passes through films of paint, varnish, lacquer, and other organic coatings. The films may be free films or they may be applied to porous substrates.
1.2 Two test methods are covered as follows:
1.2.1 Test Method A—Dry Cup Method, and
1.2.2 Test Method B—Wet Cup Method.
1.2.3 Agreement should not be expected between results obtained by different methods or test conditions. The method that most closely approaches the conditions of use should be selected.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Factors for conversion are stated in 13.2.1.2 and 13.2.2.2.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1653 − 03 (Reapproved2008)
Standard Test Methods for
1
Water Vapor Transmission of Organic Coating Films
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1653; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope E104Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humidity
by Means of Aqueous Solutions
1.1 Thesetestmethodscoverthedeterminationoftherateat
which water vapor passes through films of paint, varnish,
3. Terminology
lacquer,andotherorganiccoatings.Thefilmsmaybefreefilms
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
or they may be applied to porous substrates.
3.1.1 water vapor transmission rate, WVT, n—the steady
1.2 Two test methods are covered as follows:
water vapor flow in unit time through unit area of a body,
1.2.1 Test Method A—Dry Cup Method, and
between two specific parallel surfaces, under specific condi-
1.2.2 Test Method B—Wet Cup Method.
tions of temperature and humidity at each surface. Accepted
1.2.3 Agreement should not be expected between results
inch-poundunitisgrainspersquarefootperhour.AcceptedSI
obtained by different methods or test conditions. The method
unit is grams per square metre per 24 h.
that most closely approaches the conditions of use should be
3.1.2 water vapor permeance, WVP, n—the steady water
selected.
vapor flow in unit time through unit area of a body (WVT)
1.3 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
inducedbyunitvaporpressuredifference(∆p)betweenthetwo
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
surfaces of a coating. Therefore, WVP=WVT/∆ p. Accepted
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
inch-pound unit is grains per square foot per hour per inch of
and are not considered standard. Factors for conversion are
mercury (called a perm).Accepted SI unit is grams per square
stated in 13.2.1.2 and 13.2.2.2.
metre per 24 h per millimetre of mercury (called a metric
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety perm).
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
4. Summary of Test Methods
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
4.1 In Test MethodA(Dry Cup Method), the test specimen
limitations prior to use. is sealed to the open mouth of a cup or dish containing
desiccant, and the assembly placed in a test chamber with a
2. Referenced Documents
controlled atmosphere. Two sets of exposure conditions are
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
acceptable for this test method.
D823Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
4.1.1 Condition A, consisting of 50% relative humidity at
of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
73°F (23°C), and
D1005Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
4.1.2 Condition B, consisting of 90% relative humidity at
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
100°F (38°C).
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
4.2 In Test Method B (Wet Cup Method), the test specimen
D4708Practice for Preparation of Uniform Free Films of
is sealed to the open mouth of a cup or dish containing water,
Organic Coatings
and the assembly placed in a test chamber with a controlled
atmosphere.Twosetsofexposureconditionsareacceptablefor
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on
this test method:
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct
4.2.1 Condition A, consisting of 50% relative humidity at
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint
Films.
73°F (23°C), and
Current edition approved June 1, 2008. Published June 2008. Originally
4.2.2 Condition C, consisting of very low (near zero)
approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D1653-03. DOI:
relative humidity at 73°F (23°C).
10.1520/D1653-03R08.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.3 In both methods, periodic weighings of the cup or dish
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
are made to determine the rate of water vapor movement
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. through the specimen.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1653 − 03 (2008)
5. Significance and Use ing constant relative humidity by means of aqueous solutions,
refer to procedures outlined in Practice E1
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
e1
Designation:D1653–93 (Reapproved 1999)
Designation:D1653–03(Reapproved2008)
Standard Test Methods for
1
Water Vapor Transmission of Organic Coating Films
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1653; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1
e NOTE—Editorially changes made throughout in December 1999.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the rate at which water vapor passes through films of paint, varnish, lacquer,
and other organic coatings. The films may be free films or they may be applied to porous substrates.
1.2 Two test methods are covered as follows:
1.2.1 Test Method A—Dry Cup Method, and
1.2.2 Test Method B—Wet Cup Method.
1.2.3 Agreementshouldnotbeexpectedbetweenresultsobtainedbydifferentmethodsortestconditions.Themethodthatmost
closely approaches the conditions of use should be selected.
1.3The values stated in inch-pound units are to be designated as the standard. Factors for conversion are stated in
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Factors for conversion are stated
in 13.2.1.2 and 13.2.2.2.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
D1005 Test MethodsMethod for Measurement of Dry-Film Thickness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D4708 Practice for Preparation of Uniform Free Films of Organic Coatings
E104 Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humidity by Means of Aqueous Solutions
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 water vapor transmission rate, WVT, n—the steady water vapor flow in unit time through unit area of a body, between
two specific parallel surfaces, under specific conditions of temperature and humidity at each surface.Accepted inch-pound unit is
grains per square foot per hour. Accepted SI unit is grams per square metre per 24 h.
3.1.2 water vapor permeance, WVPwatervaporpermeance,WVP, n—thesteadywatervaporflowinunittimethroughunitarea
ofabody(WVT)inducedbyunitvaporpressuredifference(Dp)betweenthetwosurfacesofacoating.Therefore,WVP=WVT/D
p.Accepted inch-pound unit is grains per square foot per hour per inch of mercury (called a perm).Accepted SI unit is grams per
square metre per 24 h per millimetre of mercury (called a metric perm).
4. Summary of Test Methods
4.1 In Test MethodA(Dry Cup Method), the test specimen is sealed to the open mouth of a cup or dish containing desiccant,
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D-1D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and are the direct responsibility
of Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 1993.June 1, 2008. Published February 1994.June 2008. Originally published as D1653–59T.approved in 1959. Last previous edition
D1653–91a.approved in 2003 as D1653-03.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 06.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1653–03 (2008)
and the assembly placed in a test chamber with a controlled atmosphere. Two sets of exposure conditions are acceptable for this
test method.
4.1.1 Condition A, consisting of 50% relative humidity at 73°F (23°C), and
4.1.2 Condition B, consisting of 90% relative humidity at 100°F (38°C).
4.2 In Test Method B (Wet Cup Method), the test specimen is sealed to the open mouth of a cup or dish containing water, and
t
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.