ASTM F2319-04

Standard Specification for Fixed Wing Basic Life Support, Advanced Life Support, and Specialized Medical Support Air Ambulances (Withdrawn 2013)

ABSTRACT
This specification pertains to fixed wing aircraft (airplanes) used for patient prehospital emergency medical care and transportation. It describes the minimum aircraft configuration and capability, the minimum number of seats for personnel, and the provisions for the minimum medical equipment and supplies for fixed wing basic life support air ambulances. This will also assist in the definition of appropriate care, increase public awareness of the high standard available, and provide a nationally accepted guideline. The fixed wing basic life support air ambulance shall consist of three components: the fixed wing medical transport vehicle (airplane), transport personnel, and patient care equipment and supplies The three components must be licensed/certified by the appropriate governmental authority.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification pertains to fixed wing aircraft (airplanes) used for patient prehospital emergency medical care and transportation. It outlines the minimum requirements, including personnel, and patient care equipment and supplies, that must be met before the aircraft can be classified as a fixed wing air ambulance unit.
1.2 The first part of this specification (Sections through ) describes the minimum aircraft configuration and capability, the minimum number of seats for personnel, and the provisions for the minimum medical equipment and supplies for fixed wing basic life support air ambulances.
1.3 The provisions of this specification plus the provisions of the Advanced Life Support (ALS) Annex comprise the specification for fixed wing advanced life support air ambulances. See Sections 1 and 1.1 of the Advanced Life Support (ALS) Annex for the scope for fixed wing advanced life support air ambulances.
1.4 The provisions of this Sspecification plus the provisions of the Advanced Life Support Annex, plus the provisions in this Specialized Medical Support (SMS) Annex comprise the specification for fixed wing specialized medical support air ambulances. See Sections 1 through 1.3 of the Specialized Medical Support (SMS) Annex for the scope for fixed wing specialized medical support air ambulances.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F30 on Emergency Medical Services, this practice was withdrawn in July 2013 in accordance with section 10.6.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2004
• Withdrawal Date: 28-Jul-2013
• ICS: 11.160 - First aid
• ICS: 49.020 - Aircraft and space vehicles in general
• Technical Committee: F30 - Emergency Medical Services
• Drafting Committee: F30.01 - EMS Equipment

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F2319 −04
StandardSpecification for
Fixed Wing Basic Life Support, Advanced Life Support, and
Specialized Medical Support Air Ambulances
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2319; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Humans (Withdrawn 2007)
F960Specification for Medical and Surgical Suction and
1.1 This specification pertains to fixed wing aircraft (air-
Drainage Systems (Withdrawn 2003)
planes) used for patient prehospital emergency medical care
F1031Practice for Training the Emergency Medical Tech-
and transportation. It outlines the minimum requirements,
nician (Basic)
including personnel, and patient care equipment and supplies,
F1118Specification for National Air Medical Transport
that must be met before the aircraft can be classified as a fixed
Units Resources Catalog (Withdrawn 2007)
wing air ambulance unit.
F1149Practice for Qualifications, Responsibilities, and Au-
1.2 The first part of this specification (Sections 1 through
thority of Individuals and Institutions Providing Medical
13.2) describes the minimum aircraft configuration and
Direction of Emergency Medical Services
capability,theminimumnumberofseatsforpersonnel,andthe
F1177Terminology Relating to Emergency Medical Ser-
provisions for the minimum medical equipment and supplies
vices
for fixed wing basic life support air ambulances.
F1219Guide for Training the Emergency Medical Techni-
cian (Basic) to Perform Patient Initial and Detailed As-
1.3 The provisions of this specification plus the provisions
of the Advanced Life Support (ALS) Annex comprise the sessment (Withdrawn 2006)
F1220 Guide for Emergency Medical Services System
specification for fixed wing advanced life support air ambu-
lances. See Sections 1 and 1.1 of the Advanced Life Support (EMSS) Telecommunications
F1229Guide for Qualification and Training of EMS Air
(ALS) Annex for the scope for fixed wing advanced life
support air ambulances. Medical Patient Care Providers
F1555Guide for Characteristics for Extremity Splints
1.4 The provisions of this Specification plus the provisions
F1556Guide for Spinal Immobilization and Extrication
of the Advanced Life Support Annex, plus the provisions in
(SPINE) Device Characteristics
this Specialized Medical Support (SMS) Annex comprise the
F1557Guide for Full Body Spinal Immobilization Devices
specification for fixed wing specialized medical support air
(FBSID) Characteristics
ambulances. See Sections 1 through 1.3 of the Specialized
F1558Guide for Characteristics for Adjunct Cervical Spine
Medical Support (SMS) Annex for the scope for fixed wing
Immobilization Devices (ACSID)
specialized medical support air ambulances.
F1559Guide for Characteristics for Cervical Spine Immo-
bilization Collar(s) (CSIC)
2. Referenced Documents
2.2 NTIS Document:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
USARTL-TR-79-22DAircraftCrashSurvivalDesignGuide
D3577Specification for Rubber Surgical Gloves
2.3 Federal Laws and Regulations:
D3578Specification for Rubber Examination Gloves
14 CFRChapter 1—FederalAviationAdministration (FAA)
F920Specification for Minimum Performance and Safety
Rules and Regulations, Parts 1-49 and 61-139;
Requirements for Resuscitators Intended for Use With
specifically, Subpart 135.19—Emergency Operations
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F30 on
Emergency Medical Services and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
F30.01 on EMS Equipment. www.astm.org.
Current edition approved April 1, 2004. Published May 2004. DOI: 10.1520/ Available from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port
F2319-04. Royal Rd., Springfield, VA 22161, http://www.ntis.gov, Accession Number ADA
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 2118434.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Office,Washington, DC 20402.When indicated, reprints of certain regulations may
the ASTM website. be obtained from the Federal agency responsible for issuance thereof.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2319−04
2.4 Federal Standards/Specifications: CGA V-1Compressed Gas Cylinder Valve Outlet and Inlet
FAA Order 8400.10Vol. 4, Chapter 5—Air Ambulance Connections
Operations CGA V-5Diameter Index Safety System
FAA Technical Standard OrdersC-22g Safety Belts, and
2.9 Canadian Standards Association (CSA):
C114 Torso Restraint Systems
CSAStandard Z305.1MNonflammable Medical Gas Piping
29 CFROccupational Safety and Health Administration—
Systems
Standard 1910.120, Hazardous Waste Operations and
CSA Standard Z305.2MLow Pressure Connecting Assem-
Emergency Response
blies for Medical Gas Systems
29 CFROccupational Safety and Health Administration—
CSA Standard Z305.3MPressure Regulators, Gages and
Standard 1910.1030, Bloodborne Pathogens
Flow Metering Devices for Medical Gas Systems
29 CFROccupational Safety and Health Administration—
2.10 American National Standards Institute andAssociation
Standard 1010.134, Respiratory Protection 12
for Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (ANSI/AAMI):
21 CFRFood and Drug Administration—Medical Devices
ANSI Z79.3Anesthetic Equipment—Oropharyngeal and
DOT Specification RR-C-901/3Cylinders Compressed Gas:
Nasopharyngeal Airways
With Valve or Plug and Cap; ICC3aa
ANSI Z79.6Breathing Tubes
2.5 FAA Advisory Circulars (AC):
ANSI Z79.14Anesthetic Equipment—Tracheal Tubes
AC 43.13-2A Acceptable Methods, Techniques and
ANSI/AAMI SP9Standard for Nonautomated Sphygmoma-
Practices, Aircraft Alterations
nometers
2.6 Military Standards:
ANSI/AAMI SP10Standard for Automated Sphygmoma-
MIL-STD-101Color Coding, Medical Gases
nometers
MIL-STD-202 Test Methods For Electronic and Electric
2.11 Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE):
Component Parts
SAE Air 825BOxygen Equipment for Aircraft
MIL-STD-461Department of Defense Interface Standard,
SAE AS 1198Continuous Flow Oxygen Regulator
Requirements for the Control of Electromagnetic Interfer-
2.12 Underwriters Laboratory (UL):
ence Characteristics of Subsystems and Equipment
UL 2601-1 Standard for Safety—Medical Electrical
MIL-STD-704 Aircraft Electric Power Characteristics
Equipment—Part 1: General Requirements for Safety
MIL-STD-810EEnvironmentalTest Methods and Engineer-
ing Guidelines
3. Terminology
MIL-STD-39226Compressed Gas Cylinders
MIL-STD-1472 Human Factors
3.1 Following are definitions used in this specification.
2.7 National Fire Protection Association Standards:
3.2 Definitions Relating to Personnel:
NFPA 56FStandard for Nonflammable Medical Gas Sys-
3.2.1 air ambulance provider—the individual or entity that
tems
holds the state (or equivalent) air ambulance provider certifi-
NFPA 70National Electrical Code
cateandisresponsibleforandmanagestheoperationoftheair
NFPA 407-8Aircraft Fuel Servicing, paragraphs 2-4.1
ambulance.
NFPA 99Electrical Safety
3.2.2 air-medical crewmembers—transportpersonnelwhose
2.8 Compressed Gas Association (CGA) Standards:
primary function is to carry out the medical duties of the
CGA C-9Standard for Color-Marking of Compressed Gas
medical mission that has been accepted by an air ambulance.
Cylinders Intended for Medical Use
They are qualified to perform the medical responsibilities of
CGA E-7Standard for Flow meters, Pressure Reducing
the mission to the standard established for the designated air
Regulators, Regulator/Flow Meter and Regulator/Flow
ambulance category (basic life support, advanced life support,
gGage Combinations for the Administration of Medical
or specialized).
Gases
CGA P-2Characteristics and Safe Handling of Medical 3.2.3 flight crewmembers—transport personnel whose pri-
Gases mary function is to operate and navigate the aircraft under the
CGAP-4Safe Handling of Cylinders by Emergency Rescue specified conditions, in accordance with all the applicable
Squads Federal Aviation regulations. Flight crewmembers include
pilots, navigators, radio operators, and crew chiefs.
3.2.4 transport personnel—flight crewmembers and air-
Copies of Federal Standards and Specifications are available from Federal
Standards and Specifications, Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government
medical crewmembers who by specialized training (as defined
Printing Office, 732 N. Capital St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.
FAAAdvisoryCircularsareavailableonlineathttp://www.faa.gov/Regulatory
Advisory/ac_index.htm Available from Canadian Standards Association (CSA), 178 Rexdale Blvd.,
Copies of Military specifications and standards required by suppliers in Toronto, ON Canada M9W 1R3, http://www.csa.ca.
connection with specific procurement functions should be obtained from the AvailablefromAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(ANSI),25W.43rdSt.,
procuring activity or as directed by the contracting officer. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
9 13
Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Available from Technical Division, Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE),
Park, Quincy, MA 02269, http://www.nfpa.org. 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096, http://www.sae.org.
10 14
Available from Compressed Gas Association (CGA), 1725 Jefferson Davis Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Corporate Progress, 333
Hwy., Suite 1004, Arlington, VA 22202-4102, http://www.cganet.com. Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062, http://www.ul.com.
F2319−04
in Guide F1229 or applicable FAA regulations) are currently 3.7.2 category—a level of patient care, relating to the
qualified to carry out their assigned duties. capability of the air medical transport unit. There are various
levelsincluding,butnotlimitedto,basiclifesupport,advanced
3.3 Descriptions of Terms Relating to Aircraft:
life support, and specialized medical care.
3.3.1 air ambulance—an aircraft that is capable of meeting
3.7.3 declared effective service range—the number of nau-
the standard for a medical transport unit if the requisite
tical miles, without resupply of aviation or medical
personnel, equipment, and supplies are added. It does not
requirements, within which the fixed wing medical transport
include the personnel and the onboard medical equipment.
unit can be expected to operate.
3.3.2 fixed wing aircraft (airplane)—anaircraftthatusesthe
3.7.4 declared response time—thenormalminimumnumber
lift generated by the airflow over fixed wings to take off and
of minutes required between the initial notification of the
land on a prepared landing strip.
medicalmissionandtheliftoffoftheairmedicaltransportunit.
3.4 Descriptionsof Terms Relating to Patient Care
3.7.5 declared service area—the area designated by the air
Equipment—Patient care equipment is defined as that equip-
ambulance provider where the fixed wing medical transport
ment related to the medical mission. It includes:
unit is operationally capable of response. It includes pre-
3.4.1 permanently installed patient care equipment—
defined limits in range, altitude and weather, over water,
designed to be used inside the air ambulance. It may be
instrument flight, and day/night capability.
self-contained or it may depend on the aircraft’s power source,
3.7.6 fixed wing air ambulance—a fixed wing medical
or a combination of both.
transport vehicle, the crew, and on board equipment that meets
3.4.2 portable patient care equipment—self-contained and
the standard for the named category.
designed for use en route, at the pick-up point, and in transit.
3.7.7 fixed wing advanced life support air ambulance—a
It implies being capable of being hand carried. Some items of
unit that meets the standard described in the Annex entitled
portable patient care equipment may have the option of using
ALS Advanced Life Support.
the aircraft’s sources of power and medical gases.
3.7.8 medical mission—an accepted medical flight from the
3.4.3 transportable patient care equipment—notnecessarily
initial notification to the completion or cancellation.
self-contained. It may be used en route if qualified for use in
flight, and if power and accessibility are available.
3.7.9 specialized medical support level of patient care—a
level of patient care that is directed to particular problems that
3.5 Descriptions of Terms Relating to Communications—
are usually already undergoing advanced treatment. Typically,
Airborne communication equipment consists of three groups,
the patient is being moved to a facility that can provide
depending on its primary function:
additional service. It may also include the need for special
3.5.1 aviation communication equipment—equipment in-
equipment not normally required in air ambulances, such as
stalledintheaircraft,usedbytheflightcrewfortrafficcontrol,
incubators, left ventricular assist devices, pressure chambers,
navigation of the aircraft, and receiving weather information.
and so forth.
3.5.2 intercomequipment—equipment,usedbythetransport
3.8 independent accredited testing laboratory—a testing
personnel to facilitate conversations between the flight crew
facility that is accredited in accordance with the National
and air-medical crewmembers and, in some cases, with the
Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Volun-
patient.
tary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) to perform
3.5.3 medical communication equipment—equipment in-
specific calibrations and tests that it is contracted to perform
stalled in the aircraft, used by the transport personnel to
and (1) has no business relationship with the company whose
facilitate conversations between the air-medical crewmembers
productitistestingotherthanthefee-for-servicetestingofthat
and the emergency medical system in which they operate. It
company’s product; (2) has no corporate stock that is directly
includesvoicecommunicationwithpublicserviceandmedical
owned by a principal of the company whose product is being
ground units, with selected medical control, and with EMS
tested; and (3) has no conflict-of-interest by accepting fee-for-
systems dispatch centers. It can include equipment for the
service testing of a company’s product.
transmission of graphic data.
3.6 Descriptions of Term Relating to Documentation: 4. Significance and Use
3.6.1 national air ambulance resources catalog—the docu-
4.1 This specification describes a su
...