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ASTM F477-99

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe

Standard Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers elastomeric seals (gaskets) used to seal the joints of plastic pipe used for gravity, low-pressure, and high-pressure applications. This refers to push-on joints which require no internal or external pressure to effect the initial seal.  
1.2 Requirements are given for natural or synthetic rubber gaskets, or a combination of both.  Note 1-Oil-resistant gaskets are available for those applications where exposure to solvents or oil may occur. The user should contact the gasket manufacturer for recommendations.
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Apr-1999
ICS
23.040.80 - Seals for pipe and hose assemblies
Technical Committee
F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
Drafting Committee
F17.20 - Joining
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Referred By
ASTM F2946-12(2021) - Standard Specification for PVC Hub and Elastomeric Seal (Gasket) Tee Connection for Joining Plastic Pipe to Insitu Pipelines and Manholes
Effective Date
10-Apr-1999
Referred By
ASTM F645-18b - Standard Guide for Selection, Design, and Installation of Thermoplastic Water- Pressure Piping Systems
Effective Date
10-Apr-1999
Referred By
ASTM F1803-15(2019) - Standard Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Closed Profile Gravity Pipe and Fittings Based on Controlled Inside Diameter 
Effective Date
10-Apr-1999
Referred By
ASTM F2435-22 - Standard Specification for Steel Reinforced Polyethylene (PE) Corrugated Pipe
Effective Date
10-Apr-1999
Referred By
ASTM D2680-20 - Standard Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Composite Sewer Piping
Effective Date
10-Apr-1999
Referred By
ASTM F1483-23 - Standard Specification for Oriented Poly(Vinyl Chloride), PVCO, Pressure Pipe
Effective Date
10-Apr-1999
Referred By
ASTM F794-21 - Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Profile Gravity Sewer Pipe and Fittings Based on Controlled Inside Diameter
Effective Date
10-Apr-1999
Referred By
ASTM F2764/F2764M-23 - Standard Specification for 6 in. to 60 in. [150 mm to 1500 mm] Polypropylene (PP) Corrugated Double and Triple Wall Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Sanitary Sewer Applications
Effective Date
10-Apr-1999
Referred By
ASTM F1488-14(2019) - Standard Specification for Coextruded Composite Pipe
Effective Date
10-Apr-1999
Referred By
ASTM F1336-20 - Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Gasketed Sewer Fittings
Effective Date
10-Apr-1999
Referred By
ASTM D4161-14(2019) - Standard Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe Joints Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals
Effective Date
10-Apr-1999
Referred By
ASTM F2947/F2947M-21a - Standard Specification for 150 to 1500 mm [6 to 60 in.] Annular Corrugated Profile-Wall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Sanitary Sewer Applications
Effective Date
10-Apr-1999
Referred By
ASTM F2649-14(2023) - Standard Specification for Corrugated High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Grease Interceptor Tanks
Effective Date
10-Apr-1999
Referred By
ASTM D3139-19 - Standard Specification for Joints for Plastic Pressure Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals
Effective Date
10-Apr-1999
Referred By
ASTM C1903-21 - Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Duct Bank
Effective Date
10-Apr-1999

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ASTM F477-99 - Standard Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic PipeASTM F477-99 - Standard Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
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ASTM F477-99 - Standard Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
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Standards Content (Sample)


An American National Standard
Designation: F 477 – 99
Standard Specification for
Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 477; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D1149 Test Method for Rubber Deterioration—Surface
Ozone Cracking in a Chamber
1.1 This specification covers elastomeric seals (gaskets)
D1229 Test Method for Rubber Property—Compression
used to seal the joints of plastic pipe used for gravity,
Set at Low Temperatures
low-pressure, and high-pressure applications. This refers to
D1349 Practice for Rubber—Standard Temperatures for
push-onjointswhichrequirenointernalorexternalpressureto
Testing
effect the initial seal.
D1414 Test Methods for Rubber O-Rings
1.2 Requirements are given for natural or synthetic rubber
D1415 Test Method for Rubber Property—International
gaskets, or a combination of both.
Hardness
NOTE 1—Oil-resistant gaskets are available for those applications 4
D1566 Terminology Relating to Rubber
where exposure to solvents or oil may occur. The user should contact the
D 2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer
gasket manufacturer for recommendations.
Hardness
1.3 Thetextofthisspecificationreferencesnotes,footnotes,
F913 Specification for Thermoplastic Elastomeric Seals
and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These
(Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
notesandfootnotes(excludingthoseintablesandfigures)shall
2.2 NSF Standards:
not be considered as requirements of the specification.
StandardNo.14 forPlasticPipingComponentsandRelated
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
Materials
test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This
Standard No. 61 for Drinking Water Systems Components-
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
Health Effects
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
3. Terminology
of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
3.1 Definitions—Terms relating to rubber or elastomer shall
limitations prior to use.
beasdefinedinTerminologyD1566.Termsrelatingtoplastics
shall be as defined in Terminology D883.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards: 4. Composition and Manufacture
D395 Test Methods for Rubber Property—Compression
4.1 All gaskets shall be extruded or molded in such a
Set
mannerthatanycrosssectionwillbedense,homogeneous,and
D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-
free of porosity, blisters, pitting, or other imperfections. The
plastic Elastometers—Tension
gasket shall be fabricated from a high-grade elastomer mate-
D471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liq-
rial. The basic polymer shall be natural rubber, synthetic
uids
rubber, a blend of both, or a thermoplastic elastomer, meeting
D 518 Test Method for Rubber Deterioration—Surface
the requirements prescribed in Sections 5 and 6.
Cracking
4.2 Where a splice is used in the manufacture of the gasket,
D573 Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration in an Air
thestrengthshallbesuchthatthegasketshallwithstand100%
Oven
elongationoverthepartofthegasketwhichincludesthesplice
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
with no visible separation of the splice. While in a stretched
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeF-17onPlastic
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.20 on Joining. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vols 09.01.
Current edition approved April 10, 1999. Published July 1999. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.02.
published as F477–76. Last previous edition F477–96a. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04.
2 7
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01. Available from the National Sanitation Foundation, P.O. Box 1468,AnnArbor,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01. MI 48106.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F 477–99
TABLE 2 Physical Requirements for Thermoplastic Elastomeric
position the gasket shall be rotated in the spliced area a
Seals for Plastic Pipe
minimum of 180° in each direction in order to inspect for
separation. In addition, any portion of the splice shall be
Low-Head High-Head
capable of passing a bend test without visible separation. The
Application Application
(Below 150 (150 kPa or
bendtestforcirculargasketsisdefinedaswrappingtheportion
kPa or 50-ft 50-ft Head
of the unstretched gasket containing the splice a minimum of
Head) and Above)
180° and a maximum of 270° around a rod of a diameter equal
Original Properties:
to the cross section diameter of the gasket.
Tensile strength, min, MPa (psi) 3.0 (435) 3.5 (500)
100 % modulus, min, MPa (psi) 1.6 (230) 1.9 (280)
Elongation, min, % 350 350
5. Dimensions and Tolerances
Hardness, Type A durometer 40 to 70 40 to 70
5.1 Wheninitsfinalassembledposition,thegasketshallnot Low-temperature hardness, Type A 10 10
durometer, max increase, points
be stretched more than 30% of its original circumference.
Compression set, max % 25 20
Ozone resistance no cracks no cracks
NOTE 2—Excessive stretch may have deleterious effect on rubber
Accelerated Aging (Air Oven Test):
gaskets, the minimum stretch compatible with the proper performance of
Decrease in tensile strength, max % of 15 15
the gasket should be used at all times.
original
Decrease in elongation, max % of original 15 15
5.2 The gaskets shall conform to the dimensions specified
Hardness, Type A durometer, max change,55
by the manufacturer of the pipe or fittings, with which the
points
gaskets are to be used, with a Rubber Manufacturers’Associa- After Water Immersion:
Change in volume max % 4 4
tion Class 3 tolerance on all cross section dimensions, and
Stress relaxation, initial stress at 23 6 2 SDC 500 to 500 to 1400
61% on all diametrical dimensions, unless otherwise agreed
(KPa) 1400
100 000 h extrapolation of percent remaining 40 40
upon by the pipe or fitting manufacturer and the purchaser.
stress at 23 6 2 SDC, min
5.3 For molded gaskets or gasket material, the permissible
flash shall be a maximum of +0.80 mm (0.032 in.). Maximum
mold mismatch shall not exceed 0.25 mm (0.010 in.).
sealing surfaces of the gasket, and have physical properties which ensure
adequate longevity for the anticipated usage.
6. Physical Requirements
6.1.1 Hardness—The Type A durometer average hardness
6.1 The sealing portion of the gaskets shall comply with the
specifiedbythemanufacturershallbewithintherangegivenin
physical requirements listed in Table 1 for thermoset elas-
Table 1 for thermoset elastomers or Table 2 for thermoplastic
tomers or Table 2 for thermoplastic elastomers, when tested in
elastomers. Gaskets are required to have theTypeAdurometer
accordance with the methods in Section 7.
hardness specified, 6 5 points.
6.2 Elastomer compounds must be non-crazing to pipe.The
NOTE 3—Some gaskets incorporate a high durometer elastomeric or
gasket in the cured state shall not cause craze marks, pits, or
nonelastomeric, that is, metal or plastic material, as a reinforcement or
blisters when in contact
...

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1.1 This practice covers procedures for testing single joints of thermoplastic pipe for gravity flow (non-pressure) sewer lines, when using either air or water under low pressure to demonstrate the integrity of the joint. This practice is used for testing 27 in. (675 mm) and larger inside diameter PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride), HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) and PP (Polypropylene) sewer lines utilizing flexible gasketed joints with elastomeric seals, Specification F477.  
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1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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ASTM
ASTM F1336-20(Specification)
Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Gasketed Sewer Fittings

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the material, dimensional, and mechanical requirements, and associated test methods for fabricated or molded poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) gasketed sewer fittings manufactured from pipe, or from a combination of pipe and injection molded parts, or from injection molded parts that are suitable for non-pressure drainage of sewage and surface water, as well as applications involving subsurface drainage. The fittings shall adhere to specified values for outside diameter, wall thickness, socket length, and spigot length. When evaluated according to the test procedures provided herein, the fittings shall meet specified requirements for impact strength, pipe stop load support, internal stress, and branch bending. The products shall also undergo referee testing and quality control tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for fabricated or molded poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) gasketed sewer fittings to be used with piping manufactured to Specifications D3034, F679, F891 or F1760. Fabricated fittings may be manufactured from pipe, or from a combination of pipe and injection molded parts, or from injection molded parts. Gasketed sewer fitting configurations may include one or more spigot outlets.  
1.2 The requirements of this specification are to provide fabricated or molded PVC gasketed fittings suitable for non-pressure drainage of sewage and surface water, as well as applications involving subsurface drainage.  
Note 1: Industrial waste lines should be installed only with the specific approval of the governing code authority when using chemicals not commonly found in drains and sewers or temperatures in excess of 140 °F (60 °C), or both.  
1.3 Fittings produced to this specification are intended to be installed with pipe, in accordance with Practice D2321.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test method portion only, Section 10, of this specification.  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    9 pages
    English language
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  • Technical specification
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3240-19(2023)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Installation of Seamless Molded Hydrophilic Gaskets (SMHG) for Long-Term Watertightness of Cured-in-Place Rehabilitation of Main and Lateral Pipelines

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is for use by designers and specifiers, regulatory agencies, owners, and inspection organizations that are involved in the rehabilitation of main and lateral pipelines and manholes. As for any practice, modifications may be required for specific job conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the requirements for the installation of seamless molded hydrophilic gaskets (SMHG) in cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) rehabilitation of main and lateral pipelines.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 There is no similar or equivalent ISO Standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    7 pages
    English language
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