ASTM D1837-02a(2007)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Volatility of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
Standard Test Method for Volatility of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Volatility, expressed in terms of the 95 % evaporated temperature of the product, is a measure of the amount of least volatile components present in the product. Coupled with a vapor pressure limit, it serves to ensure essentially single-component products in the cases of commercial grades of propane and butane. When volatility is coupled with a vapor pressure limit which has been related to density, as in the case of the commercial PB-mixture, the combination serves to assure essentially two component mixtures for such fuels. When coupled with a proper vapor pressure limit, this measurement serves to assure that special-duty propane products will be composed chiefly of propane and propylene and that propane will be the major constituent.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is a measure of the relative purity of the various types of liquefied petroleum (LP) gases and helps to ensure suitable volatility performance. The test results, when properly related to vapor pressure and density of the product, can be used to indicate the presence of butane and heavier components in propane type LP-gas, and pentane and heavier components in propane-butane and butane type fuels. The presence of hydrocarbon compounds less volatile than those of which the LP-gas is primarily composed is indicated by an increase in the 95 % evaporated temperature.
1.2 When the type and concentration of higher boiling components is required, chromatographic analysis should be used.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D1837 – 02a (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Test Method for
Volatility of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1837; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope evaporate (“weather”) at ambient pressure under specified
conditions that approximate a single plate distillation. Correct
1.1 This test method is a measure of the relative purity of
the observed temperature, when 5 mL of liquid test portion
the various types of liquefied petroleum (LP) gases and helps
remains, for barometric pressure and thermometer ice point
toensuresuitablevolatilityperformance.Thetestresults,when
error, and report as the 95% evaporation temperature.
properly related to vapor pressure and density of the product,
can be used to indicate the presence of butane and heavier
4. Significance and Use
components in propane type LP-gas, and pentane and heavier
4.1 Volatility, expressed in terms of the 95% evaporated
components in propane-butane and butane type fuels. The
temperature of the product, is a measure of the amount of least
presenceofhydrocarboncompoundslessvolatilethanthoseof
volatile components present in the product. Coupled with a
which the LP-gas is primarily composed is indicated by an
vapor pressure limit, it serves to ensure essentially single-
increase in the 95% evaporated temperature.
component products in the cases of commercial grades of
1.2 When the type and concentration of higher boiling
propane and butane. When volatility is coupled with a vapor
components is required, chromatographic analysis should be
pressure limit which has been related to density, as in the case
used.
of the commercial PB-mixture, the combination serves to
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
assure essentially two component mixtures for such fuels.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
When coupled with a proper vapor pressure limit, this mea-
only.
surement serves to assure that special-duty propane products
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
will be composed chiefly of propane and propylene and that
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
propane will be the major constituent.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5. Apparatus
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1 Weathering Tube—Acentrifugetube,cone-shaped,con-
2. Referenced Documents forming to the dimensions given in Fig. 1 and made of
2 thoroughly annealed heat-resistant glass. The shape of the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
lower tip of the tube is especially important.The taper shall be
D96 Test Methods for Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by
3 uniform and the bottom shall be rounded as shown in Fig. 1.
Centrifuge Method (Field Procedure)
The tubes shall comply in wall thickness to ASTM centrifuge
D1796 TestMethodforWaterandSedimentinFuelOilsby
tube requirements (Note 1). The graduation tolerances are
the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
given in Table 1.
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
NOTE 1—Requirements for centrifuge tubes appear in Test Methods
3. Summary of Test Method
D96 and D1796.
3.1 Refrigerate the sample by means of a cooling coil and
5.2 Tube Support—Means shall be provided for supporting
collect 100 mL of liquid in a weathering tube. Allow to
the weathering tube by its neck in a vertical position.
5.3 Water Bath (for use in tests on butane and propane-
butane mixture types of liquefied petroleum gas only). A
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
shallow container filled with clean water having a maintained
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
temperature ranging from 15 to 21°C (60 to 70°F) and a depth
D02.H0 on Liquefied Petroleum Gas.
Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published June 2007. Originally
of 38 mm (1 ⁄2 in.).
approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D1837–02a. DOI:
5.4 Thermometer—ASTM Armored Weathering Test Ther-
10.1520/D1837-02AR07.
2 mometer having a range from −50 to 5°C (−58 to 41°F) and
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3 4
Withdrawn. Borosilicate glass has been found satisfactory for this purpose.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D1837 – 02a (2007)
NOTE—The coils in the drawing are extended for clarity.
FIG. 2 Precooling Equipment
conforming to the requirements for Thermometer 99C−92
(99F−86) as prescribed in Specification E1. Do not remove the
armor from the thermometer.
5.5 Sampling Precooling Equipment:
5.5.1 Cooling Vessel—Any suitable wide-mouthed metal
container or Dewar flask at least 64 mm (2 ⁄2 in.) in inside
diameter by 292 mm (11 ⁄2 in.) deep.
5.5.2 Cooling Coil—Approximately 6 m (20 ft) of 4.8-mm
( ⁄16-in.) outside diameter soft copper tubing, wound around a
hollow mandrel at least 54 mm (2 ⁄8 in.) in outside diameter,
with adjacent turns touching. Run the lower end of the tube up
through the center of the mandrel before winding so that the
finished coil will fit snugly inside the cooling vessel. When
assembled, the top of the coil shall be at least 25 mm (1 in.)
below the top of the cooling vessel and the open ends of the
coil shall not be more than 100 mm (4 in.) above. Connect the
NOTE—For graduation tolerances see Table 1.
downstream end of the coil to a 3.2 mm ( ⁄8 in.) needle valve
FIG. 1 Weathering Tube
having an outlet connection not more than 76 mm (3 in.) long
(see Fig. 2).
TABLE 1 Weathering Tube Graduation Tolerances
5.5.3 Precoolant—This can be the liquefied petroleum gas
Scale Limit of
Range, mL
Division, mL Error, mL
from the same container from which a sample is to be taken.
Other refrigerants having a boiling point lower than the initial
0.0 to 0.1 0.05 0.02
0.1 to 0.3 0.05 0.03
boiling point of the sample can be used. Use a nonflammable
0.3 to 0.5 0.05 0.05
precoolant if required.
0.5 to 1.0 0.1 0.05
5.6 Charcoal—Four grains of activated charcoal, approxi-
1.0to3.0 0.1 0.1
3.0to5.0 0.5 0.2
mately 6 to 14 mesh in size, are required.The four grains shall
5.0 to 25.0 1.0 0.5
be similar in size (Note 2).
25.0 to 100.0 1.0 1.0
NOTE 2—Grainsofcharcoalareusedasaboilingaidwhichreducesthe
D1837 – 02a (2007)
tendency for the propane or butane to overflow the weathering tube as the
is low to the final test reading. If the thermometer reading is
propane or butane evaporates.
more than 0° (32°F), subtract the fraction of a degree that it is
high from the final test reading. If the thermometer reading
6. Proced
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