ASTM D5327-97
(Practice)Standard Practice for Evaluating and Comparing Transfer Efficiency of Spray Applied Coatings Under General Laboratory Conditions
Standard Practice for Evaluating and Comparing Transfer Efficiency of Spray Applied Coatings Under General Laboratory Conditions
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the evaluation and comparison of the transfer efficiency of spray-applied coatings under general laboratory conditions. Transfer efficiency is the ratio of paint solids deposited to the total paint solids used during the application process, expressed as a percent. This practice can be used to study the effect on transfer efficiency of changing operating variables and paint formulations. Key variables that need to be controlled are listed in 8.13. Note 1-It is important that all process or formulation parameters, except that which is intentionally being changed, be kept consistent from test to test. If not done, the results of the study are to be questioned.
1.2 The reproducibility of this practice is highly dependent on the degree of control of the parameters listed in Section 8 of the practice.
1.3 Limitations -This laboratory practice indicates only the direction of the effect of operating variables and liquid paint formulations on transfer efficiency under conditions of the laboratory test: the magnitude of the effect can be determined only with specific plant experience. In fact, the nature of the critical parameters that affect transfer efficiency make clear that it is not possible to extrapolate laboratory results. Note 2-The laboratory practice outlined involves general laboratory spray equipment and procedures and is derived from Test Method D5009. This practice and Test Method D5009 are both derived from a study and report of transfer efficiency measurements conducted for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. For laboratories that have access to a conveyor and mass flow measurement equipment, a suitable, potentially more reproducible, tested method is defined in Test Method D5009.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Section 7, Notes 8 and 9.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: D 5327 – 97
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Practice for
Evaluating and Comparing Transfer Efficiency of Spray
Applied Coatings Under General Laboratory Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5327; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This practice covers the evaluation and comparison of 2.1 ASTM Standards:
the transfer efficiency of spray-applied coatings under general D 1200 Test Method for Viscosity by Ford Viscosity Cup
laboratory conditions. Transfer efficiency is the ratio of paint D 2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
solids deposited to the total paint solids used during the D 3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related
application process, expressed as a percent. This practice can Pigmented Coatings
be used to study the effect on transfer efficiency of changing D 5009 Test Method for Evaluating and Comparing Trans-
operating variables and paint formulations. Key variables that fer Efficiency of Spray Applied Coatings Under Labora-
need to be controlled are listed in 8.13. tory Conditions
2.2 Other Standards:
NOTE 1—It is important that all process or formulation parameters,
NFPA 33 Spray Application Using Flammable and Combus-
except that which is intentionally being changed, be kept consistent from
tible Materials
test to test. If not done, the results of the study are to be questioned.
NFPA 86 Standard for Ovens and Furnaces
1.2 The reproducibility of this practice is highly dependent
on the degree of control of the parameters listed in Section 8 of
3. Terminology
the practice.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Practice:
1.3 Limitations—This laboratory practice indicates only the
3.1.1 fluid mass flow rate—the mass flow rate of paint in
direction of the effect of operating variables and liquid paint
grams per minute during the test.
formulations on transfer efficiency under conditions of the
3.1.2 mass of foil—the weight of each target foil in grams
laboratory test: the magnitude of the effect can be determined
before being painted.
only with specific plant experience. In fact, the nature of the
3.1.3 mass of foil plus paint solids—the weight of each
critical parameters that affect transfer efficiency makes clear
target foil in grams after being painted and baked.
that it is not possible to extrapolate laboratory results.
3.1.4 mass of paint solids—the difference in the mass of the
NOTE 2—The laboratory practice outlined involves general laboratory
foil before painting and the mass of the foil after painting and
spray equipment and procedures and is derived from Test Method D 5009.
baking. The sum of the mass of the foil plus paint solids less
This practice and Test Method D 5009 are both derived from a study and
the sum of the mass of the foil.
report of transfer efficiency measurements conducted for the U.S. Envi-
3.1.5 transfer effıciency—the ratio of the mass of the paint
ronmental Protection Agency. For laboratories that have access to a
solids deposited on the foil to the mass of the paint solids
conveyor and mass flow measurement equipment, a suitable, potentially
sprayed during the test, expressed as a percent.
more reproducible, tested method is defined in Test Method D 5009.
3.1.6 weight percent solids—the solids content as percent of
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
the total weight of a sample of the paint used during the test.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.1.6.1 Discussion—Weight percent solids are determined
only.
as specified in 8.4.2.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Summary of Practice
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 Metal panels covered with preweighed aluminum foil
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
are coated in a spray booth. The coated foils are baked to
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
remove volatile matter. The transfer efficiency is calculated on
statements see Section 7, Note 8 and Note 9.
a weight percent basis using the solids content, quantity of
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM D-1 on Paint and Related
Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of Subcom- Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
mittee D01.55 on Factory-Applied Coatings on Preformed Products. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.02.
Current edition approved June 10, 1997. Published September 1997. Originally Available from National Fire Protection Association, Battery March Park,
published as D 5327 – 92. Last previous edition D 5327 – 92. Quincy, MA 22269.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 5327
paint sprayed, and the amount of solids on the coated alumi- 8.1.1 Ground all electrically conductive objects in the spray
num foil. area, except those objects required by the process to be at high
voltage in accordance with Chapter 9.11 of NFPA 33.
5. Significance and Use
8.2 Agitate the test paint in a closed container at least 30
min before paint samples are taken.
5.1 Subject to the limitations listed in 1.3, this practice can
8.3 Using an airtight container, take a paint grab sample
be used as a research tool to optimize spray equipment and
from the paint pot in accordance with Practice D 3925.
paint formulations, as well as to study the relative effect on
8.4 Determine and record the following from the paint
transfer efficiency of changing operating variables, spray
sample:
application equipment, type of coatings, etc.
8.4.1 Paint viscosity in accordance with Test Method
6. Apparatus D 1200,
8.4.2 Weight Percent Solids—The preferred method is Test
6.1 Laboratory Scale, accurate to 60.001 g.
Method D 2369. If the baking temperature in Test Method
6.2 Platform Scale, accurate to 60.01 g.
D 2369 is considered inadequate for complete cure, use the
6.3 Targets, should consist of a minimum of three steel
manufacturer’s recommended cure schedule. Make sure that
panels, two scavengers and a target panel. If more than one
the cure schedule used is agreed upon and recorded, and
target panel is used, a scavenger panel is to be used at the start
8.4.3 Electrical resistivity for samples being applied elec-
and end of the test panel set. The steel panels are 15.2 by
trostatically.
0.15875 cm wide (6 by 0.0625 in.) with 0.635 cm (0.25 in.)
8.5 Cut the aluminum foil to dimensions of 58 by 5 cm (15
radius corners. The length of the panel should be sufficient that
by approximately 2 in.) longer than the length of the target
a minimum of 30.4 cm (12 in.) above and below the spray
panel.
pattern is achieved.
8.6 Number each precut foil strip, before weighing, using a
NOTE 3—It is essential to effectively capture the entire height of the
permanent marking pen.
spray pattern.
8.7 Weigh each test foil strip and record the uncoated
NOTE 4—Other panel sizes similar to those in the end use can be used.
weight and the foil number.
Differences in the part shape will influence the transfer efficiency.
8.8 Attach the preweighed, labeled test foil to the targets
NOTE 5—Results of this test may not be extrapolated to different spray
using the technique shown in Fig. 1.
booths, part geometries, etc.
8.9 Mount the foil covered targets on a panel or target
6.4 Aluminum Foil, medium temper or equivalent,
holder, with the foil seam on each target facing away from the
0.0037-cm (1.5-mil) thick. The aluminum foil should be
preheated at the conditions specified in the cure schedule
recommended by the paint manufacturer.
6.5 Back-Draw Water-Wash Spray Booth, or equivalent. The
booth should be capable of developing and maintaining up to
36.
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