ASTM D5327-97(2002)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Evaluating and Comparing Transfer Efficiency of Spray Applied Coatings Under General Laboratory Conditions
Standard Practice for Evaluating and Comparing Transfer Efficiency of Spray Applied Coatings Under General Laboratory Conditions
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the evaluation and comparison of the transfer efficiency of spray-applied coatings under general laboratory conditions. Transfer efficiency is the ratio of paint solids deposited to the total paint solids used during the application process, expressed as a percent. This practice can be used to study the effect on transfer efficiency of changing operating variables and paint formulations. Key variables that need to be controlled are listed in 8.13.
Note 1—It is important that all process or formulation parameters, except that which is intentionally being changed, be kept consistent from test to test. If not done, the results of the study are to be questioned.
1.2 The reproducibility of this practice is highly dependent on the degree of control of the parameters listed in Section of the practice.
1.3 Limitations—This laboratory practice indicates only the direction of the effect of operating variables and liquid paint formulations on transfer efficiency under conditions of the laboratory test: the magnitude of the effect can be determined only with specific plant experience. In fact, the nature of the critical parameters that affect transfer efficiency makes clear that it is not possible to extrapolate laboratory results.
Note 2—The laboratory practice outlined involves general laboratory spray equipment and procedures and is derived from Test Method D 5009. This practice and Test Method D 5009 are both derived from a study and report of transfer efficiency measurements conducted for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. For laboratories that have access to a conveyor and mass flow measurement equipment, a suitable, potentially more reproducible, tested method is defined in Test Method D 5009.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Section 7, Note 8 and Note 9.
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Designation:D5327–97(Reapproved2002)
Standard Practice for
Evaluating and Comparing Transfer Efficiency of Spray
Applied Coatings Under General Laboratory Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5327; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
1.1 This practice covers the evaluation and comparison of
statements see Section 7, Note 8 and Note 9.
the transfer efficiency of spray-applied coatings under general
laboratory conditions. Transfer efficiency is the ratio of paint
2. Referenced Documents
solids deposited to the total paint solids used during the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
application process, expressed as a percent. This practice can
D 1200 Test Method for Viscosity by Ford Viscosity Cup
be used to study the effect on transfer efficiency of changing
D 2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
operating variables and paint formulations. Key variables that
D 3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related
need to be controlled are listed in 8.13.
Pigmented Coatings
NOTE 1—It is important that all process or formulation parameters,
D 5009 Test Method for Evaluating and Comparing Trans-
except that which is intentionally being changed, be kept consistent from
fer Efficiency of Spray Applied Coatings Under Labora-
test to test. If not done, the results of the study are to be questioned.
tory Conditions
1.2 The reproducibility of this practice is highly dependent
2.2 Other Standards:
on the degree of control of the parameters listed in Section 8 of
NFPA33 SprayApplicationUsingFlammableandCombus-
the practice.
tible Materials
1.3 Limitations—This laboratory practice indicates only the
NFPA 86 Standard for Ovens and Furnaces
direction of the effect of operating variables and liquid paint
3. Terminology
formulations on transfer efficiency under conditions of the
laboratory test: the magnitude of the effect can be determined
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Practice:
only with specific plant experience. In fact, the nature of the
3.1.1 fluid mass flow rate—the mass flow rate of paint in
critical parameters that affect transfer efficiency makes clear
grams per minute during the test.
that it is not possible to extrapolate laboratory results.
3.1.2 mass of foil—the weight of each target foil in grams
before being painted.
NOTE 2—The laboratory practice outlined involves general laboratory
3.1.3 mass of foil plus paint solids—the weight of each
spray equipment and procedures and is derived fromTest Method D 5009.
This practice and Test Method D 5009 are both derived from a study and target foil in grams after being painted and baked.
report of transfer efficiency measurements conducted for the U.S. Envi-
3.1.4 mass of paint solids—the difference in the mass of the
ronmental Protection Agency. For laboratories that have access to a
foil before painting and the mass of the foil after painting and
conveyor and mass flow measurement equipment, a suitable, potentially
baking. The sum of the mass of the foil plus paint solids less
more reproducible, tested method is defined in Test Method D 5009.
the sum of the mass of the foil.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1.5 transfer effıciency—the ratio of the mass of the paint
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
solids deposited on the foil to the mass of the paint solids
only.
sprayed during the test, expressed as a percent.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.6 weight percent solids—the solids content as percent of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the total weight of a sample of the paint used during the test.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.6.1 Discussion—Weight percent solids are determined
as specified in 8.4.2.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
Subcommittee D01.55 on Factory Applied Coatings on Preformed Products.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.02.
Current edition approved June 10, 1997. Published September 1997. Originally Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch
published as D 5327 – 92. Last previous edition D 5327 – 92. Park, Quincy, MA 02269-9101.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D5327–97 (2002)
4. Summary of Practice 8. Procedure
4.1 Metal panels covered with preweighed aluminum foil 8.1 Setupthepaintsupplyequipmenttothesprayapparatus
are coated in a spray booth. The coated foils are baked to
in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
remove volatile matter. The transfer efficiency is calculated on
8.1.1 Ground all electrically conductive objects in the spray
a weight percent basis using the solids content, quantity of
area, except those objects required by the process to be at high
paint sprayed, and the amount of solids on the coated alumi- voltage in accordance with Chapter 9.11 of NFPA 33.
num foil.
8.2 Agitate the test paint in a closed container at least 30
min before paint samples are taken.
5. Significance and Use
8.3 Using an airtight container, take a paint grab sample
5.1 Subject to the limitations listed in 1.3, this practice can
from the paint pot in accordance with Practice D 3925.
be used as a research tool to optimize spray equipment and
8.4 Determine and record the following from the paint
paint formulations, as well as to study the relative effect on
sample:
transfer efficiency of changing operating variables, spray
8.4.1 Paint viscosity in accordance with Test Method
application equipment, type of coatings, etc.
D 1200,
6. Apparatus 8.4.2 Weight Percent Solids—The preferred method is Test
Method D 2369. If the baking temperature in Test Method
6.1 Laboratory Scale, accurate to 60.001 g.
D 2369 is considered inadequate for complete cure, use the
6.2 Platform Scale, accurate to 60.01 g.
manufacturer’s recommended cure schedule. Make sure that
6.3 Targets, should consist of a minimum of three steel
the cure schedule used is agreed upon and recorded, and
panels, two scavengers and a target panel. If more than one
8.4.3 Electrical resistivity for samples being applied elec-
target panel is used, a scavenger panel is to be used at the start
trostatically.
and end of the test panel set. The steel panels are 15.2 by
8.5 Cut the aluminum foil to dimensions of 58 by 5 cm (15
0.15875 cm wide (6 by 0.0625 in.) with 0.635 cm (0.25 in.)
by approximately 2 in.) longer than the length of the target
radius corners.The length of the panel should be sufficient that
panel.
a minimum of 30.4 cm (12 in.) above and below the spray
8.6 Number each precut foil strip, before weighing, using a
pattern is achieved.
permanent marking pen.
NOTE 3—It is essential to effectively capture the entire height of the
8.7 Weigh each test foil strip and record the uncoated
spray pattern.
weight and the foil number.
NOTE 4—Other panel sizes similar to those in the end use can be used.
8.8 Attach the preweighed, labeled test foil to the targets
Differences in the part shape will influence the transfer efficiency.
using the technique shown in Fig. 1.
NOTE 5—Results of this test may not be extrapolated to different spray
booths, part geometries, etc.
8.9 Mount the foil covered targets on a panel or target
holder, with the foil seam on each target facing away from the
6.4 Aluminum Foil, medium temper or equivalent,
spray gun. Set panel spacing as desired.
0.0037-cm (1.5-mil) thick. The aluminum foil should be
8.9.1 If electrostatic equipment is being used, the resistance
preheated at the conditions specified in the cure schedule
shall be
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