ASTM E954-94
(Practice)Standard Practice for Packaging and Shipping of Laboratory Samples of Refuse-Derived Fuel (Withdrawn 2002)
Standard Practice for Packaging and Shipping of Laboratory Samples of Refuse-Derived Fuel (Withdrawn 2002)
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for packaging a refuse-derived fuel sample at its point of origin for shipping this sample to the laboratory for subsequent analyses.
1.2 This practice may be applicable to any waste material from which a laboratory analysis sample can be prepared.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Additional hazard information is found in Section 6.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: E 954 – 94
Standard Practice for
Packaging and Shipping of Laboratory Samples of Refuse-
Derived Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 954; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Practice
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for packaging a refuse- 3.1 A representative portion of a gross sample of RDF is
derived fuel sample at its point of origin for shipping this packaged in such a manner that all physical and chemical
sample to the laboratory for subsequent analyses. properties of the material are retained during shipment to the
1.2 This practice may be applicable to any waste material laboratory for analyses. Labeling and chain-of-custody proce-
from which a laboratory analysis sample can be prepared. dures are also included in this practice.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 4.1 The packaging of a laboratory sample as specified
herein is intended to ensure that the physical and chemical
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Additional hazard characteristics of the sample as received in the laboratory are
not changed during shipment.
information is found in Section 6.
2. Terminology 5. Apparatus
2.1 Definitions: 5.1 Polyethylene Bags, 3 mL, having a capacity to hold 2 kg
(1 to 2 ft ) of RDF-3.
2.1.1 gross sample—a sample representing one lot and
composed of a number of increments on which neither reduc- 5.2 Polyethylene Bag Seal, twist tie or equivalent.
5.3 Box, corrugated.
tion nor division has been performed.
2.1.2 laboratory sample—a representative portion of the 5.4 Box Seal, strapping tape or equivalent.
gross sample (or lot) received by the laboratory for analysis.
6. Hazards
2.1.3 lot—a large designated quantity (greater than the
6.1 Due to the origins of RDF in municipal waste, common
quantity of the final sample) of RDF which can be represented
sense dictates that some precautions should be observed when
by a properly selected gross sample.
handling samples. Recommended hygienic practices include
2.1.4 forms of refuse-derived fuel (RDF):
use of gloves when handling RDF; wearing a dust mask
RDF-1 Waste used as a fuel in as-discarded form.
(NIOSH—approved type), especially when shredding samples;
RDF-2—Waste processed to coarse particle size with or
conducting tests under a negative pressure hood when possible;
without ferrous metal separation.
and washing hands before eating and smoking.
RDF–3—shredded fuel derived from municipal solid waste
6.2 Sample handling shall be performed by trained person-
(MSW) which has been processed to remove metal, glass, and
nel. All operations shall be done as rapidly as possible to avoid
other inorganics. This material has a particle size such that 95
sample moisture changes due to atmospheric exposure.
weight % passes through a 2-in. square mesh screen.
6.3 At all times, RDF samples should be protected from
RDF-4—Combustible waste processed into powder form, 95
moisture, sun or contact with absorbent materials.
weight % passing a 10-mesh screen.
6.4 Packaging must be done at the sampling site without
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.