ASTM D5501-12
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Ethanol and Methanol Content in Fuels Containing Greater than 20% Ethanol by Gas Chromatography
Standard Test Method for Determination of Ethanol and Methanol Content in Fuels Containing Greater than 20% Ethanol by Gas Chromatography
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a method of determining the percentage of ethanol in an ethanol-gasoline fuel blend over the range of 20 to 100 mass% for compliance with fuel specifications and federal or local fuel regulations.
5.2 Ethanol content of denatured fuel ethanol for gasoline blending is required in accordance with Specification D4806.
5.3 Ethanol content of ethanol fuel blends for flexible-fuel automotive spark-ignition engines is required in accordance with Specification D5798.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the ethanol content of hydrocarbon blends containing greater than 20% ethanol. This method is applicable to denatured fuel ethanol, ethanol fuel blends, and mid-level ethanol blends.
1.1.1 Ethanol is determined from 20 mass% to 100 mass% and methanol is determined from 0.01 mass% to 0.6 mass%. Equations used to convert these individual alcohols from mass% to volume% are provided.Note 1—Fuels containing less than 20% ethanol may be quantified using Test Method D5599, and less than 12% ethanol may be quantified using Test Method D4815.
1.2 This test method does not purport to identify all individual components common to ethanol production or those components that make up the denaturant or hydrocarbon constituent of the fuel.
1.3 Water cannot be determined by this test method and shall be measured by a procedure such as Test Method D1364 and the result used to correct the concentrations determined by this method.
1.4 This test method is inappropriate for impurities that boil at temperatures higher than 225°C or for impurities that cause poor or no response in a flame ionization detector, such as water.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D5501 − 12
StandardTest Method for
Determination of Ethanol and Methanol Content in Fuels
Containing Greater than 20% Ethanol by Gas
1
Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5501; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the ethanol
2.1 ASTM Standards:
content of hydrocarbon blends containing greater than 20%
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
ethanol. This method is applicable to denatured fuel ethanol,
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
ethanol fuel blends, and mid-level ethanol blends.
ucts by Hydrometer Method
1.1.1 Ethanol is determined from 20 mass% to 100 mass%
D1364 Test Method for Water in Volatile Solvents (Karl
and methanol is determined from 0.01 mass% to 0.6 mass%.
Fischer Reagent Titration Method)
Equations used to convert these individual alcohols from
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
mass% to volume% are provided.
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
NOTE 1—Fuels containing less than 20% ethanol may be quantified
Petroleum Products
using Test Method D5599, and less than 12% ethanol may be quantified
using Test Method D4815.
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
Products, and Lubricants
1.2 This test method does not purport to identify all indi-
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as
vidual components common to ethanol production or those
Analytical Standards
components that make up the denaturant or hydrocarbon
D4626 Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic
constituent of the fuel.
Response Factors
1.3 Water cannot be determined by this test method and
D4806 Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blend-
shall be measured by a procedure such as Test Method D1364
ing with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition
and the result used to correct the concentrations determined by
Engine Fuel
this method.
D4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE,
1.4 This test method is inappropriate for impurities that boil
TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C to C Alco-
1 4
at temperatures higher than 225°C or for impurities that cause
hols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
poor or no response in a flame ionization detector, such as
D5599 Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in
water.
Gasoline by Gas Chromatography and Oxygen Selective
Flame Ionization Detection
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
D5798 Specification for Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-
standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for
Fuel Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
information purposes only.
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Measurement System Performance
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
E203 Test Method for Water Using Volumetric Karl Fischer
Titration
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
D02.04.0L on Hydrocarbon Analysis. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012. Published March 2013. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D5501–09. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D5501-12. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5501 − 12
E355 Practice for Gas ChromatographyTerms and Relation- 5.3 Ethanol content of ethanol fuel blends for flexible-fuel
ships automotive spark-ignition engines is required in accordance
E594 Practice for Testing Flame Ionization Detectors Used with Specification D5798.
in Gas or Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
6. Apparatus
E1064 Test Method for Water in Organic Liquids by Coulo
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5501 − 09 D5501 − 12
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Ethanol Content of Denatured Fuel and
Methanol Content in Fuels Containing Greater than 20%
1
Ethanol by Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5501; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the ethanol content of denatured fuel ethanol by gas chromatography.
1.1 Ethanol is determined from 93 to 97 mass % and methanol is determined from 0.01 to 0.6 mass %. Equations used to convert
these individual alcohols from mass % to volume % are provided.This test method covers the determination of the ethanol content
of hydrocarbon blends containing greater than 20% ethanol. This method is applicable to denatured fuel ethanol, ethanol fuel
blends, and mid-level ethanol blends.
1.1.1 Ethanol is determined from 20 mass% to 100 mass% and methanol is determined from 0.01 mass% to 0.6 mass%.
Equations used to convert these individual alcohols from mass% to volume% are provided.
NOTE 1—Fuels containing less than 20% ethanol may be quantified using Test Method D5599, and less than 12% ethanol may be quantified using Test
Method D4815.
1.2 This test method does identify and quantify methanol but does not purport to identify all individual components common
to ethanol production or those components that make up the denaturant.denaturant or hydrocarbon constituent of the fuel.
1.3 Water cannot be determined by this test method and shall be measured by a procedure such as Test Method D1364 and the
result used to correct the chromatographic values.concentrations determined by this method.
1.4 This test method is inappropriate for impurities that boil at temperatures higher than 225°C or for impurities that cause poor
or no response in a flame ionization detector, such as water.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.the
standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D1364 Test Method for Water in Volatile Solvents (Karl Fischer Reagent Titration Method)
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and Lubricants
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as Analytical Standards
D4626 Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic Response Factors
D4806 Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.04.0L
on Hydrocarbon Analysis.
Current edition approved April 15, 2009Nov. 1, 2012. Published May 2009March 2013. Originally approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 20042009 as
D5501–04.–09. DOI: 10.1520/D5501-09.10.1520/D5501-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5501 − 12
D4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C to C Alcohols in
1 4
Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
D5599 Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography and Oxygen Selective Flame
...
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