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ASTM F3215-16

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Food Waste Dehydrators

Standard Specification for Food Waste Dehydrators

ABSTRACT
This specification applies to dehydrators intended for removing liquid by evaporation from processed or unprocessed food scraps and limited amounts of cardboard, paper, and biodegradable food service ware. Dehydrators shall be of the following type, size, and options as specified:
Type A-Capable of processing up to 140 lb (63.6 kg) per day.
Type B-Capable of processing 141 to 240 lb (64.1 to 109.1 kg) per day.
Type C-Capable of processing 250 lb (113.6 kg) per day.
Type D-Capable of processing 650 lb (295.4 kg) per day.
Type E-Capable of processing 900 to 1100 lb (40.9 to 500 kg) per day.
Type F-Capable of processing 2200 lb (1000 kg) per day.
Type G-Capable of processing 3300 lb (1500 kg) per day.
All equipment of the same model designation and options on the same purchase order shall have component interchangeability for serviceability.
This specification includes requirements for materials to be used in the fabrication of dehydrators as well as their design and construction, operation, electrical properties, lubrication, finish, and performance. It also covers test methods, certification, product marking, information to be supplied in the manuals (installation instructions, operating guide, maintenance procedures, service parts list, electrical schematics), packaging and packing materials, and quality assurance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers dehydrators intended for removing liquid by evaporation from processed or unprocessed food scraps and limited amounts of cardboard, paper, and biodegradable food service ware.  
1.2 The values as stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 13, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2016
ICS
13.030.40 - Installations and equipment for waste disposal and treatment
Technical Committee
F26 - Food Service Equipment
Drafting Committee
F26.01 - Cleaning and Sanitation Equipment
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM F3215-16 - Standard Specification for Food Waste Dehydrators
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F3215 −16
Standard Specification for
1
Food Waste Dehydrators
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3215; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A505 Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Alloy, Hot-
Rolled and Cold-Rolled, General Requirements for
1.1 This specification covers dehydrators intended for re-
A513 Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon
moving liquid by evaporation from processed or unprocessed
and Alloy Steel Mechanical Tubing
food scraps and limited amounts of cardboard, paper, and
A519 Specification for Seamless Carbon and Alloy Steel
biodegradable food service ware.
Mechanical Tubing
1.2 The values as stated in inch-pound units are to be
A532/A532M Specification for Abrasion-Resistant Cast
regarded as the standard. The values stated in parentheses are
Irons
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for
A554 Specification for Welded Stainless Steel Mechanical
information only and are not considered standard.
Tubing
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
A582/A582M Specification for Free-Machining Stainless
test method portion, Section 13, of this specification: This Steel Bars
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
A681 Specification for Tool Steels Alloy
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user B43 Specification for Seamless Red Brass Pipe, Standard
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
Sizes
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita- B75 Specification for Seamless Copper Tube
tions prior to use.
D2000 Classification System for Rubber Products in Auto-
motive Applications
2. Referenced Documents
D2287 Specification for Nonrigid Vinyl Chloride Polymer
2
and Copolymer Molding and Extrusion Compounds
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3915 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
A6/A6M Specification for General Requirements for Rolled
and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Com-
Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling
pounds for Plastic Pipe and Fittings Used in Pressure
A29/A29M SpecificationforGeneralRequirementsforSteel
3
Applications (Withdrawn 2015)
Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
A53/A53M Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-
F104 Classification System for Nonmetallic Gasket Materi-
Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless
als
A126 Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Valves,
F437 Specification for Threaded Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl
Flanges, and Pipe Fittings
Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80
A240 Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel
F439 Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride)
Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels
(CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80
and for General Applications
F441/F441M Specification for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chlo-
A269 Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic
ride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80
Stainless Steel Tubing for General Service
F760 Specification for Food Service Equipment Manuals
A276 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
4
2.2 NFPA Standard:
A436 Specification for Austenitic Gray Iron Castings
NFPA 70 National Electrical Code
5
2.3 UL Standard:
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on Food UL 508 Industrial Control Equipment
Service Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.01 on
Cleaning and Sanitation Equipment.
3
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published November 2016. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/F3215-16. www.astm.org.
2 4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http://www.nfpa.org.
5
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 2600 N.W. Lake Rd., Camas,
the ASTM website. WA 98607-8542, http://www.ul.com.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F3215−16
3. Terminology 6.1.1 Corrosion-Resistant Steel—Shall conform to the re-
quirements of any 200, 300 or 400 series steel specified in
3.1 Definitions:
Specification A240, Specification A276, Specification A554,
3.1.1 dehydrator, n—a devi
...

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ASTM F3215-22(Specification)
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This specification applies to dehydrators intended for removing liquid by evaporation from processed or unprocessed food scraps and limited amounts of cardboard, paper, and biodegradable food service ware. Dehydrators shall be of the following type, size, and options as specified:
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers dehydrators intended for removing liquid by evaporation from processed or unprocessed food scraps and limited amounts of cardboard, paper, and biodegradable food service ware.  
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This specification establishes the material, design, and performance requirements pertinent to the construction of commercial pulping and waterpress assemblies that are intended for grinding food scraps, paper, cardboard, and disposable plastic food-service ware. Unless otherwise specified, materials used to fabricate pulpers and waterpresses may include corrosion-resistant steel and other corrosion-resisting materials, abrasion-resistant cast iron, austenitic gray iron, copper tube, brass pipe, alloy steel, black and galvanized pipe, gaskets and seals, perforated metal, stainless steel pipe, plastic piping and fitting, and austenitic gray iron pipe fitting. Assembled pulpers and waterpresses shall meet operational, electrical, lubrication, finish, and performance requirements, and should function satisfactorily as specified.
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers commercial food waste disposers intended for the grinding of food waste. Commercial disposers shall be of two types, namely: Type and Type II. The materials shall conform to the specified requirements and include the following: corrosion resistant steel, aluminum alloy, abrasion-resistant cast iron, austenitic gray iron, copper tube, brass pipe, alloy steel, black and galvanized pipe, and gaskets and seals. The disposer construction requirements including requirements for the following are detailed: (1) valves and fittings, (2) hopper (upper housing), (3) grind chamber (lower housing), (4) shredded ring, (5) flywheel, (6) cutting teeth, (7) water seal, (8) bearings, (9) motor, (10) wiring and circuit protective devices, (11) support leg(s), and (12) plating, coating, and painting. Leakage and operations test shall be performed.
SCOPE
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ASTM D5284-09(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Sequential Batch Extraction of Waste with Acidic Extraction Fluid

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is intended as a means for obtaining sequential extracts of a waste. The extracts may be used to estimate the release of certain constituents of the waste under the laboratory conditions described in this test method.  
4.2 The pH of the extraction fluid used in this test method is to reflect the pH of acidic precipitation in the geographic region in which the waste being tested is to be disposed.
Note 1: Possible sources of information concerning the pH of precipitation in the geographic region of interest include state and federal environmental agencies, state universities, libraries, etc.  
Note 2: For sequential batch extraction of waste using a nonacidic extraction fluid, see Test Method D4793.  
4.3 An intent of this test method is for the final pH of each of the extracts to reflect the interaction of the extractant with the buffering capacity of the waste.  
4.4 This test method is not intended to provide extracts that are representative of the actual leachate produced from a waste in the field or to produce extracts to be used as the sole basis of engineering design.  
4.5 This test method has not been demonstrated to simulate actual disposal site leaching conditions.  
4.6 This test method produces extracts that are amenable to the determination of both major and minor (trace) constituents. When minor constituents are being determined, it is especially important that precautions be taken in sample storage and handling to avoid possible contamination of the samples.  
4.7 This test method has been tested to determine its applicability to certain inorganic components in the waste. This test method has not been tested for applicability to organic substances, volatile matter (see Note 5), or biologically active samples.  
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SCOPE
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ASTM D5233-92(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Single Batch Extraction Method for Wastes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended to generate an extract with a concentration of the target analyte(s) representative of the expected release under the scenario simulated, and which can be compared with concentration levels acceptable in waste disposal, treatment, or production activities.  
5.2 The extraction conditions of the test method were chosen to simulate a potential disposal scenario to which the wastes may be exposed.  
5.3 One intent of this test method is that the amount of acid in the extraction fluids reflects the acid available from the leachate of a specific landfill where municipal and industrial wastes were co-disposed.6  
5.4 One intent of this test method is to not allow the pH of the extraction fluid to be lower than that of the leachate of a specific landfill where municipal and industrial wastes were co-disposed. Therefore, the pH of the extraction fluid was chosen with the following considerations:
(1) Not to be less than 4.93 ± 0.05 for the extraction of wastes with an acid neutralization capacity of less than the acid available in the total volume of extraction fluid used in the method (Extraction Fluid No. 1).
(2) At 2.88 ± 0.05, as defined by the pH of the acid, for the extraction of wastes with an acid neutralization capacity of more than the acid available in the extraction fluid used in the method (Extraction Fluid No. 2).  
5.5 The interpretation and use of the results of this test method are limited by the assumptions of a single co-disposal scenario and by the factors affecting the composition of a landfill leachate and chemical or other differences between a selected extraction fluid and the real landfill leachate.  
5.6 This test method may be affected by biological changes in the waste, and it is not designed to isolate or measure the effect of such processes.  
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1.4 If the sole application of the test method is such a pass/fail comparison and an analysis of any one of the liquid fractions of the extract indicates that the concentration of the target analyte is so high that, even after accounting for dilution from the other fractions of the extract, it would be equal to or above an acceptance concentration level, then the waste fails the test. In such a case it may not be necessary to analyze the remaining fractions of the extract.  
1.5 This test method is intended to provide an extract suitable for the measurement of the concentration of analytes that will not volatilize under the conditions of the test method.  
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Standard Practice for Sampling Waste Streams on Conveyors

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice can be used in sampling ash from a kiln or incinerator, soils, and process waste from conveying systems, such as a conveyer and vertical lifts. Some slurries, such as the bottom solids, can be sampled from the quench waters at the end of a kiln.  
4.2 This practice can be used to determine material balances for burner efficiency studies and compliance studies.  
4.3 This practice can be used on lifts, sloping, and horizontal conveyor systems. The type of conveyor and the amount and type of sample required will dictate the type of sampling equipment required to get a representative sample.  
4.4 The sample is taken directly from the conveyor before emptying into the waste container or pile for disposal or recycling using a scoop, dipper, or shovel depending upon the sample requirements (see Practice D5633). The sample is then put into the sample container for analysis.  
4.5 The place, quantity, frequency, and time of sampling is dependent upon the conveying system equipment, data quality objectives (DQOs) (Practice D5792), work or sampling plan (see Practice D5283 and Guide D4687), and analysis to be run.  
4.5.1 Large particles can be mechanically excluded on a belt system. Large particles may accumulate at the bottom of an inclined/sloped belt system. Therefore, steps, if possible, need to be taken so that particles of all sizes have equal chances of being sampled.  
4.5.2 The number of samples and sample time is dependent upon the system, the precision required, the decisions that are to be made, the cost, and the degree of heterogeneity of the material (see Guides D5956 and D6311).  
4.5.3 In general, the ideal sampling location is nearest to the point of generation since temperature, oxidation, and air movement may change some samples with time.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes standard procedures for sampling waste on open and closed conveying systems and is applicable to any waste material that can be conveyed to a waste pile or container. The conveyor system can be a vertical (vertical lifts), sloped, or horizontal type.  
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ASTM D4793-09(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Sequential Batch Extraction of Waste with Water

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is intended as a means for obtaining sequential extracts of a waste. The extracts may be used to estimate the release of certain constituents of the waste under the laboratory conditions described in this test method.  
4.2 This test method is not intended to provide extracts that are representative of the actual leachate produced from a waste in the field or to produce extracts to be used as the sole basis of engineering design.  
4.3 This test method is not intended to simulate site-specific leaching conditions. It has not been demonstrated to simulate actual disposal site leaching conditions.  
4.4 An intent of this test method is that the final pH of each of the extracts reflects the interaction of the extractant with the buffering capacity of the waste.  
4.5 An intent of this test method is that the water extractions reflect conditions where the waste is the dominant factor in determining the pH of the extracts.  
4.6 This test method produces extracts that are amenable to the determination of both major and minor constituents. When minor constituents are being determined, it is especially important that precautions are taken in sample storage and handling to avoid possible contamination of the samples.  
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4.8 The agitation technique, rate, liquid-to-solid ratio, and filtration conditions specified in the procedure may not be suitable for extracting all types of wastes (see Sections 7, 8, and the discussion in Appendix X1).
SCOPE
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1.2 This test method calls for the shaking of a known weight of waste with water of a specified purity and the separation of the aqueous phase for analysis. The procedure is conducted ten times in sequence on the same sample of waste and generates ten aqueous solutions.  
1.3 This test method is intended to describe the procedure for performing sequential batch extractions only. It does not describe all types of sampling and analytical requirements that may be associated with its application.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E889-82(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Composition or Purity of a Solid Waste Materials Stream

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This method is used to document the ability of solid waste resource recovery separators to concentrate or classify a particular component (or components) present in solid waste.  
5.2 The purity determined in this way is used to calculate the recovery achieved by a separator as another measure of its performance, according to Test Method E1108.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the composition of a materials stream in a solid waste resource recovery processing facility. The composition is determined with respect to one or more defined components. The results are used for determining the purity resulting from the operation of one or more separators, and in conjunction with Test Method E1108 used to measure the efficiency of a materials separation device.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For hazard statements, see Section 7.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D6523-22(Guide)
Standard Guide for Evaluation and Selection of Alternative Daily Covers (ADCs) for Sanitary Landfills

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides information which the regulator/permit officials, engineers, waste disposal operators, and others will find helpful to (1) understand and distinguish between the many choices available, (2) understand the performance feature considerations for living up to EPA regulations for landfill daily covers, and (3) understand the various requirements and differences for putting these covers into practice at landfills.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to assist specifiers and end users in assessing the different options available for sanitary landfill daily cover materials described as alternative (non-soil) daily covers (ADCs). Traditional daily cover consists of at least 6 in. (15 cm) of soil spread over the working faces of sanitary landfills. Alternative systems are attractive to landfill operations in order to conserve landfill disposal space, among other reasons.  
1.2 This guide assists in understanding different performance features of broad classifications of ADCs, and determining the extent and degree to which different ADCs are able to “control disease vectors, fires, odors, blowing litter, and scavenging, without presenting a threat to human health and the environment,” as intended by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) regulations.  
1.3 This guide is not intended to provide cost information regarding the various ADCs. As a standard guide, it does not dictate a protocol for the practice and testing of ADCs, but rather provides valuable information, guidance, and recommendations to interested parties concerning the many options available.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4.1 Exception—Metric units are used in 6.2.9.2.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E2060-22(Guide)
Standard Guide for Use of Coal Combustion Products for Solidification/Stabilization of Inorganic Wastes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 General—CCPs can have chemical and mineralogical compositions that are conducive to use in the chemical stabilization of trace elements in wastes and wastewater. These elements include, but are not limited to, arsenic, barium, boron, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, lead, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, vanadium, and zinc. Chemical stabilization may be accompanied by solidification of the waste treated. Solidification is not a requirement for the stabilization of many trace elements, but does offer advantages in waste handling and in reduced permeability of the stabilized waste. This guide addresses the use of CCPs as a stabilizing agent with or without addition of other materials.  
Note 1: In the United States, S/S is considered the BDAT for the disposal of some wastes that contain metals since they cannot be destroyed by other means (2).  
4.1.1 Advantages of Using CCPs—Advantages of using CCPs for waste stabilization include their availability in high volumes, and generally good product consistency from a single source. In addition, in some instances certain CCPs can partly or entirely replace other expensive stabilization materials such as Portland cement. CCPs vary depending on the combustion or emission control process and the coal or sorbents used, or both, and CCPs contain trace elements, although usually at very low concentrations. CCPs are generally an environmentally suitable materials option for waste stabilization, but the compatibility of a specific CCP must be evaluated with individual wastes or wastewater through laboratory-scale tests followed by full-scale demonstration and verification. CCPs suitable for the chemical stabilization have the ability to incorporate large amounts of free water via hydration reactions. These same hydration reactions frequently result in the formation of mineral phases that stabilize or chemically immobilize the trace elements of concern. CCPs that exhibit high pHs (>11.5) offer advantages in stabilizing trace elements t...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers methods for selection and application of coal combustion products (CCPs) for use in the chemical stabilization of trace elements in wastes and wastewater. These elements include, but are not limited to, arsenic, barium, boron, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, lead, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, vanadium, and zinc. Chemical stabilization may be accompanied by solidification of the waste treated. Solidification is not a requirement for the stabilization of many trace elements, but does offer advantages in waste handling and in reduced permeability of the stabilized waste.  
1.1.1 Solidification is an important factor in treatment of wastes and especially wastewaters. Solidification/Stabilization (S/S) technology is often used to treat wastes containing free liquids. This guide addresses the use of CCPs as a stabilizing agent (with or without the addition of other materials. Stabilization may be achieved by using combinations of CCPs and other products such as lime, lime kiln dust, cement kiln dust, cement, and others. CCPs used alone or in combination with other reagents promote stabilization of many inorganic constituents through a variety of mechanisms. These mechanisms include precipitation as hydrates, carbonates, silicates, sulfates, and so forth; microencapsulation of the waste particles through pozzolanic reactions; formation of metal precipitates; and formation of hydrated phases (1-4).2 Long-term performance of the stabilized waste is an issue that must be addressed in considering any S/S technology. In this guide, several tests are recommended to aid in evaluating the long-term performance of the stabilized wastes.  
1.2 The CCPs that are suited for this application include fly ash, dry flue gas desulfurization (FGD) material, and and fluidized-bed combustion (FBC) ash.  
1.3 The wastes or wastewater, or both, containing the inorganic species may be highly variable, so the chemical characterist...

  • Guide
    7 pages
    English language
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  • Guide
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off