Standard Test Method for Formability of Zinc-Rich Primer/Chromate Complex Coatings on Steel (Withdrawn 2009)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the formability and adhesion of factory applied zinc-rich primer/chromate complex coatings on steel with thicknesses of 0.65 to 1.25 mm (0.025 to 0.05 in.) typical of those used in the coil coating industry.
1.2 The degree of oil removal prior to forming, the techniques of taping, and differences in adhesive strength of the tape can affect the adhesion rating.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 7.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the evaluation of the formability and adhesion of factory applied zinc-rich primer/chromate complex coatings on steel with thicknesses of 0.65 to 1.25 mm (0.025 to 0.05 in.) typical of those used in the coil coating industry.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications, this test method was withdrawn in February 2009.
This standard is being withdrawn without replacement due to its limited use by industry.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-May-2003
Withdrawal Date
31-Jan-2009
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D4146-96(2003) - Standard Test Method for Formability of Zinc-Rich Primer/Chromate Complex Coatings on Steel (Withdrawn 2009)
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4146–96(Reapproved2003)
Standard Test Method for
Formability of Zinc-Rich Primer/Chromate Complex
Coatings on Steel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4146; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2 indenting ball diameter—the diameter of the
spherical-ended penetrator (ball) used to deform the specimen.
1.1 Thistestmethodcoverstheevaluationoftheformability
3.1.2.1 Discussion—The 41-mm (1 ⁄8-in.) diameter ball was
and adhesion of factory applied zinc-rich primer/chromate
selected because it minimizes the variability in the localized
complex coatings on steel with thicknesses of 0.65 to 1.25 mm
peak strain. This size ball is commercially available and is as
(0.025 to 0.05 in.) typical of those used in the coil coating
large as most testing machines can accommodate.
industry.
3.1.3 percent strain—the percent elongation of scribed gage
1.2 The degree of oil removal prior to forming, the tech-
lengths after forming. For the draw height of 13 mm (0.512
niques of taping, and differences in adhesive strength of the
in.), using a 1 ⁄8-in. diameter ball, the localized peak strain is
tape can affect the adhesion rating.
about 19 % (see Fig. 1).
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4. Summary of Test Method
only.
4.1 A coated specimen is biaxially stretched a given dis-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tance in an appropriate machine, adhesive tape is applied to the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
deformed area (dome) and then pulled off, and the amount of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
coating removed is compared with a photographic standard to
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
determine the coating adhesion rating.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific
hazard statement, see Section 7.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The results of the combined deformation and tape test
2. Referenced Documents
are related to the ability of the coated metal to withstand
2.1 ASTM Standards:
stamping in factory applications.
D 3330 Test Method for Peel Adhesion of Pressure-
2 5.2 This test can be used to control the manufacturing
Sensitive Tape
process or in development work to improve the product.
2.2 Other Document:
3 5.3 It should be recognized that variability in the results
Pictorial Standards of Coating Defects
persist due to the test conditions and forming machine varia-
tions.
3. Terminology
6. Apparatus and Materials (see Fig. 2)
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
6.1 Forming Machine, equipped with a spherical-ended
3.1.1 dome height—the height of the dome formed in the
penetrator to deform the specimen with appropriate dies, until
test.
the required height is obtained, and clamping arrangement to
hold the specimen with a minimum pressure of 8.9 kN (2000
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
lbf).
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
6.1.1 The speed of forming shall be between 4.8 and 25
Subcommittee D01.53 on Coil Coated Metal.
Current edition approved May 10, 2003. Published May 2003. Originally mm/min (0.2 and 1.0 in./min). The speed is usually slowed to
approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as D 4146 - 96.
measure more accurately the final height as shown on the dial
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09.
indicator, but the final punch speed shall be controlled at 6 mm
Copies of the pictorial photographic reference standard are contained in the
(0.24 in.)/min maximum.
publication Pictorial Standards of Coatings Defects and may be obtained from the
Federation of Societies for CoatingsTechnology, 492 Norristown Rd., Blue Bell, PA
6.2 Indenting Ball, with a diameter of 41 mm (1 ⁄8in.), a
19422. The silver halide gelatin photographs are intended to be the only primary
Rockwell hardness number not less than 61 on the Rockwell C
reference standards for this test method. The reproductions of them in this test
scale (HRC), and a smooth surface finish not exceeding 4 µm
method are for the purpose of illustration only.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D4146–96 (2003)
6.4 Upper and Lower Dies with a hardness of 56 HRC or
higher. The upper die shall have an approach radius of 1.6 6
0.05 mm (0.0625 6 0.002 in.). The diameter of the opening in
the upper and lower die shall be 42 mm (1.64 in.). In most
machines, these dies are removable.
6.5 Dial Indicator, riding on the surface of the forming
sheet to monitor the movement of the penetrator (ball) and
graduated so that the displacement, or ball height, can be
measured at least to 60 µm (60.0025 in.) but preferably to 25
µm (60.001 in.).
6.6 Adhesive Tape, 25 mm (1 in.) wide, transparent, high-
tack, pressure-sensitive tape with an adhesive strength to steel
of50g/mm(45oz/in.)ofwidthwhentestedinaccordancewith
Test Method D 3330, and a tensile strength of 500 g/mm (28
lb/in.) of width.
6.7 Photographic Standard —Steps in rating from 10
(good, no removal) to 0 (poor, complete removal) to rate
visually the adhesion of the coating after forming and tape
removal by comparison with the adhesive-backed tape.
7. Hazards
7.1 There are possible hazards to personnel when perform-
Draw distance 0.512 in. (13 mm) Ball diameter 1 ⁄8 in. (41 mm)
ingtestsonanyhydraulicequipment.Standfreewhenmachine
FIG. 1 Survey of Strain Over Biaxially Stretched Dome
is operating.
TABLE 2
8. Sampling and Test Specimens
8.1 Sampling—The coated steel coil is cut, usually at the
head or tail of the coil, into a sheet sample, which can be easily
handled.
8.2 Specimen Size—The specimens may be square or rect-
angular but not
...

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