ASTM C1484-10

Standard Specification for Vacuum Insulation Panels

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the general requirements for vacuum insulation panels (VIP). These panels have been used wherever high thermal resistance is desired in confined space applications, such as transportation, equipment, and appliances. The panel barrier consists of one or more layers of materials whose primary functions are to control gas diffusion to the core, and to provide mechanical protection. The core shall comprise a system of cells, microspheres, powders, fibers, aerogels, or laminates, whose chemical composition shall be organic, inorganic, or metallic. The physical and mechanical properties of vacuum insulation panels are presented in details. The compressive resistance, panel barrier permeance, and center-of-panel thermal resistivit shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. The effective thermal resistance differs significantly from the product of the center-of-panel resistivity and the thickness, and this system characteristic must take into account the details of the overall VIP design as well as its installation. The creep and dimensional stability at service condition shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements for Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP). These panels have been used wherever high thermal resistance is desired in confined space applications, such as transportation, equipment, and appliances.
1.2 Vacuum panels typically exhibit an edge effect due to differences between panel core and panel barrier thermal properties. This specification applies to composite panels whose center-of-panel apparent thermal resistivities (sec. 3.2.3) typically range from 87 to 870 m·K/W at 24°C mean, and whose intended service temperature boundaries range from –70 to 480°C.
1.3 The specification applies to panels encompassing evacuated space with: some means of preventing panel collapse due to atmospheric pressure, some means of reducing radiation heat transfer, and some means of reducing the mean free path of the remaining gas molecules.
1.4 Limitations:  
1.4.1 The specification is intended for evacuated planar composites; it does not apply to non-planar evacuated self-supporting structures, such as containers or bottles with evacuated walls.  
1.4.2 The specification describes the thermal performance considerations in the use of these insulations. Because this market is still developing, discrete classes of products have not yet been defined and standard performance values are not yet available.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health specifications and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—For specific safety considerations see Annex A1.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2010
• ICS: 91.060.10 - Walls. Partitions. Facades
• Technical Committee: C16 - Thermal Insulation
• Drafting Committee: C16.22 - Organic and Nonhomogeneous Inorganic Thermal Insulations

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C1484-09 - Standard Specification for Vacuum Insulation Panels
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2010
• Replaced By: ASTM C1484-10(2018) - Standard Specification for Vacuum Insulation Panels
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2018
• Referred By: ASTM C1558-19 - Standard Guide for Development of Standard Data Records for Computerization of Thermal Transmission Test Data for Thermal Insulation
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2010
• Referred By: ASTM C1667-15 - Standard Test Method for Using Heat Flow Meter Apparatus to Measure the Center-of-Panel Thermal Transmission Properties of Vacuum Insulation Panels
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2010
• Referred By: ASTM C1774-13(2019) - Standard Guide for Thermal Performance Testing of Cryogenic Insulation Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1484 −10
Standard Specification for
1
Vacuum Insulation Panels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1484; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
NOTE 1—For specific safety considerations see Annex A1.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements for
2. Referenced Documents
Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP). These panels have been used
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
wherever high thermal resistance is desired in confined space
C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of
applications, such as transportation, equipment, and appli-
Thermal Insulations
ances.
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
1.2 Vacuum panels typically exhibit an edge effect due to
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
differences between panel core and panel barrier thermal
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
properties. This specification applies to composite panels
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
whose center-of-panel apparent thermal resistivities (sec.
C203 Test Methods for Breaking Load and Flexural Proper-
3.2.3) typically range from 87 to 870 m·K/W at 24°C mean,
ties of Block-Type Thermal Insulation
andwhoseintendedservicetemperatureboundariesrangefrom
C390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal
–70 to 480°C.
Insulation Lots
C480 Test Method for Flexure Creep of Sandwich Construc-
1.3 Thespecificationappliestopanelsencompassingevacu-
tions
ated space with: some means of preventing panel collapse due
C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
to atmospheric pressure, some means of reducing radiation
Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
heat transfer, and some means of reducing the mean free path
C740 Practice for Evacuated Reflective Insulation In Cryo-
of the remaining gas molecules.
genic Service
1.4 Limitations:
C1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Prop-
1.4.1 The specification is intended for evacuated planar
erties Under Steady-State Conditions
composites; it does not apply to non-planar evacuated self-
C1055 Guide for Heated System Surface Conditions that
supporting structures, such as containers or bottles with evacu-
Produce Contact Burn Injuries
ated walls.
C1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating
1.4.2 The specification describes the thermal performance
and Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal Insulation
considerations in the use of these insulations. Because this
C1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
market is still developing, discrete classes of products have not
Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus
yet been defined and standard performance values are not yet
C1136 Specification for Flexible, Low Permeance Vapor
available.
Retarders for Thermal Insulation
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
C1363 Test Method for Thermal Performance of Building
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this Materials and Envelope Assemblies by Means of a Hot
standard.
Box Apparatus
C1667 TestMethodforUsingHeatFlowMeterApparatusto
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Measure the Center-of-Panel Thermal Resistivity of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Vacuum Panels
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D999 Test Methods for Vibration Testing of Shipping Con-
priate safety and health specifications and determine the
tainers
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D1434 TestMethodforDeterminingGasPermeabilityChar-
acteristics of Plastic Film and Sheeting
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on
Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.22 on
2
Organic and Nonhomogeneous Inorganic Thermal Insulations. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2010. Published October 2010. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C1484-09. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C1484-10. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C1484−10
D2221 Test Method for Creep Properties of Package Cush- 3.2.1 adsorbent—a component of some VIP designs, com-
ioning Materials prising a chemical or physical scavenger for gas molecules.
D
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C1484–09 Designation: C1484 – 10
Standard Specification for
1
Vacuum Insulation Panels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1484; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements for Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP). These panels have been used
wherever high thermal resistance is desired in confined space applications, such as transportation, equipment, and appliances.
1.2 Vacuum panels typically exhibit an edge effect due to differences between panel core and panel barrier thermal properties.
Thisspecificationappliestocompositepanelswhosecenter-of-panelapparentthermalresistivities(sec.3.2.3)typicallyrangefrom
87 to 870 m·K/W at 24°C mean, and whose intended service temperature boundaries range from –70 to 480°C.
1.3 The specification applies to panels encompassing evacuated space with: some means of preventing panel collapse due to
atmospheric pressure, some means of reducing radiation heat transfer, and some means of reducing the mean free path of the
remaining gas molecules.
1.4 Limitations Limitations:
1.4.1 The specification is intended for evacuated planar composites; it does not apply to non-planar evacuated self-supporting
structures, such as containers or bottles with evacuated walls.
1.4.2 The specification describes the thermal performance considerations in the use of these insulations. Because this market
is still developing, discrete classes of products have not yet been defined and standard performance values are not yet available.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health specifications and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For
NOTE 1—For specific safety considerations see Annex A1.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of Thermal Insulations
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the
Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
C203 Test Methods for Breaking Load and Flexural Properties of Block-Type Thermal Insulation
C390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal Insulation Lots
C480 Test Method for Flexure Creep of Sandwich Constructions
C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
C740 Practice for Evacuated Reflective Insulation In Cryogenic Service
C1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Properties Under Steady-State Conditions
C1055 Guide for Heated System Surface Conditions that Produce Contact Burn Injuries
C1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating and Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal Insulation
C1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus
C1136 Specification for Flexible, Low Permeance Vapor Retarders for Thermal Insulation
C1363 Test Method for Thermal Performance of Building Materials and Envelope Assemblies by Means of a Hot Box
Apparatus
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.22 on Organic and
Nonhomogeneous Inorganic Thermal Insulations.
CurrenteditionapprovedApril15,2009.PublishedMay2009.Originallyapprovedin2000.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2007asC1484-07.DOI:10.1520/C1484-09.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2010. Published October 2010. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C1484-09. DOI:
10.1520/C1484-10.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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C1484 – 10
C1667 Test Method for
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