ASTM D6618-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in Diesel Four-Stroke Cycle Supercharged 1M-PC Single Cylinder Oil Test Engine
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in Diesel Four-Stroke Cycle Supercharged 1M-PC Single Cylinder Oil Test Engine
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The test method is designed to relate to high-speed, supercharged diesel engine operation and, in particular, to the deposit control characteristics and antiwear properties of diesel crankcase lubricating oils.
The test method is useful for the evaluation of diesel engine oil quality and crankcase oil specification acceptance. This test method, along with others, defines the minimum performance level of the API categories CF and CF-2 (detailed information about passing limits for these categories is included in Specification D 4485). It is also used in MIL-PRF-2104.
The results are significant only when all details of the procedure are followed. The basic engine used in this test method has a precombustion chamber (as compared to direct injection) and is most useful in predicting performance of engines similarly equipped. This factor should be considered when extrapolating test results. It has been found useful in predicting results with high sulfur fuels (that is, greater than 0.5 wt %) and with certain preemission controlled engines. It has also been found useful when correlated with deposit control in two-stroke cycle diesel engines.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a four-stroke cycle diesel engine test procedure for evaluating engine oils for certain high-temperature performance characteristics, particularly ring sticking, ring and cylinder wear, and accumulation of piston deposits. Such oils include both single viscosity SAE grade and multiviscosity SAE grade oils used in diesel engines. It is commonly known as the 1M-PC test (PC for Pre-Chamber) and is used in several API oil categories, notably the CF and CF-2 and the military category described in MIL-PRF-2104 (see Note 1).
Note 1—Companion test methods used to evaluate other engine oil performance characteristics for API oil categories CF and CF-2 are discussed in SAE J304. The companion tests used by the military can be found in MIL-PRF-2104.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:
TABLE OF CONTENTS Scope1 Reference Documents2 Terminology3 Summary of Test Method4 Significance and Use5 Apparatus6 Test Engine6.1 Engine Accessories6.2-6.14 Engine Oil System6.15 Cooling System6.16 Fuel System6.17 Intake Air System6.18 Exhaust System6.19 Blowby Meter6.20 Thermocouples6.21 Parts6.22 Instrumentation6.23 Crankcase Paint6.24 Reagents and Materials7 Fuel7.1 Test Oil7.2 Engine Coolant7.3 Cleaning Materials7.4 Safety8 Preparation of Apparatus9 Supplementary Service Information9.1 General Engine Inspection9.2 Intake Air System9.3 Cooling System9.4 Engine Cooling System Cleaning9.5 Instrumentation Calibration Requirements9.6 Engine Crankcase Cleaning9.7 Additional Oil Filter9.8 Flushing Procedure Components9.9 Flushing Procedures9.10 Piston Cleaning Preparation9.11 Cylinder Head9.12 Fuel Nozzle9.13 Measurement9.14 Procedure10 Engine Break-in10.1 Pre-Test Preparations10.2 Warm-up Procedure10.3 Operating Conditions10.4 Periodic Measurements10.5 Engine Oil Level10.6 Oil Addition Procedure10.7 Cool-Down Procedure10.8 Shutdowns10.9 Fuel System10.10 Brake Specific Oil Consumption (BSOC) Calculation10.11 Inspection11 Preparation11.1 Inspection11.2 Rater Training11.3 Referee Ratings11.4 Calibration of Test Method12 Requirements12.1 Reference Oils12.2 Test Numbering12.3 Definition of a Test12.4 New Laboratories and New Test Stands12.5 Frequency of Calibration Tests12.6 Specified Test Parameters12.10 Acceptance of Calibration Tests12.11 Failing Reference Oil Calibration Tests...
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Designation: D6618 – 08
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Engine Oils in Diesel Four-Stroke Cycle
1
Supercharged 1M-PC Single Cylinder Oil Test Engine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6618; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method can be used by any properly equipped laboratory, without outside assistance.
2
However,theASTMTestMonitoringCenter(TMC) providesreferenceoilsandanassessmentofthe
test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory. By this means, the laboratory will know whether
their use of the test method gives results statistically similar to those obtained by other laboratories.
Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services in seeking
qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S.Army imposes such a requirement,
in connection with several Army engine lubricating oil specifications.
Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the TMC services.
Laboratoriesthatchoosenottousethoseservicesmaysimplyignorethoseportionsofthetestmethod
that refer to the TMC.
ThistestmethodmaybemodifiedbymeansofInformationLettersissuedbytheTMC.Inaddition,
the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the test method.
1. Scope 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method covers a four-stroke cycle diesel
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
engine test procedure for evaluating engine oils for certain
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
high-temperature performance characteristics, particularly ring
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
sticking, ring and cylinder wear, and accumulation of piston
1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:
deposits.SuchoilsincludebothsingleviscositySAEgradeand
TABLE OF CONTENTS
multiviscosity SAE grade oils used in diesel engines. It is
Scope 1
commonlyknownasthe1M-PCtest(PCforPre-Chamber)and
Reference Documents 2
is used in severalAPI oil categories, notably the CF and CF-2
Terminology 3
Summary of Test Method 4
and the military category described in MIL-PRF-2104 (see
Significance and Use 5
Note 1).
Apparatus 6
Test Engine 6.1
NOTE 1—Companion test methods used to evaluate other engine oil
Engine Accessories 6.2-6.14
performance characteristics for API oil categories CF and CF-2 are
Engine Oil System 6.15
discussed in SAEJ304. The companion tests used by the military can be
Cooling System 6.16
Fuel System 6.17
found in MIL-PRF-2104.
Intake Air System 6.18
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Exhaust System 6.19
Blowby Meter 6.20
standard. The values in parentheses are provided for informa-
Thermocouples 6.21
tion only.
Parts 6.22
Instrumentation 6.23
Crankcase Paint 6.24
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Reagents and Materials 7
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
Fuel 7.1
D02.B0.02 on Heavy Duty Engine Oils. The test engine sequences were originally
Test Oil 7.2
developed in 1956 by ASTM Committee D02. Subsequently, the procedures were
Engine Coolant 7.3
published in an ASTM Special Technical Publication.
Cleaning Materials 7.4
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2008. Published November 2008. Originally
Safety 8
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D6618–05. DOI:
Preparation of Apparatus 9
10.1520/D6618-08.
Supplementary Service Information 9.1
2
ASTMTestMonitoringCenter,6555PennAvenue,Pittsburgh,PA15206-4489.
General Engine Inspection 9.2
The TMC issues Information Letters that supplement this test method. This edition
Intake Air System 9.3
incorporates revisions contained in all information letters through No. 07-1.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6618 – 08
troleum Products by Copper Strip Test
Cooling System 9.4
Engine Cooling System Cleaning 9.5
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
Instrumentation Calibration Requirements 9.6
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
Engine Crankcase Cleaning 9.7
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
Additional Oil Filter 9.8
Flushing Procedure Components 9.9
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
Flushing Procedures 9.10
ity)
Piston Cleaning Preparation 9.11
D482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
Cylinder Head 9.
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D6618–05 Designation: D 6618 – 08
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Engine Oils in Diesel Four-Stroke Cycle
1
Supercharged 1M-PC Single Cylinder Oil Test Engine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6618; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method can be used by any properly equipped laboratory, without outside assistance.
2
However,theASTMTestMonitoringCenter(TMC) providesreferenceoilsandanassessmentofthe
test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory. By this means, the laboratory will know whether
their use of the test method gives results statistically similar to those obtained by other laboratories.
Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services in seeking
qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S.Army imposes such a requirement,
in connection with several Army engine lubricating oil specifications.
Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the TMC services.
Laboratoriesthatchoosenottousethoseservicesmaysimplyignorethoseportionsofthetestmethod
that refer to the TMC.
ThistestmethodmaybemodifiedbymeansofInformationLettersissuedbytheTMC.Inaddition,
the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the test method.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a four-stroke cycle diesel engine test procedure for evaluating engine oils for certain
high-temperature performance characteristics, particularly ring sticking, ring and cylinder wear, and accumulation of piston
deposits. Such oils include both single viscosity SAE grade and multiviscosity SAE grade oils used in diesel engines. It is
commonlyknownasthe1M-PCtest(PCforPre-Chamber)andisusedinseveralAPIoilcategories,notablytheCFandCF-2and
the military category described in MIL-PRF-2104 (see Note 1).
NOTE1—Companion test methods used to evaluate other engine oil performance characteristics for API oil categories CF and CF-2 are discussed in
SAE J304. The companion tests used by the military can be found in MIL-PRF-2104.
1.2The values stated in either SI units or other units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other, without combining values
in any way. 1—Companion test methods used to evaluate other engine oil performance characteristics forAPI oil categories CF
and CF-2 are discussed in SAE J304. The companion tests used by the military can be found in MIL-PRF-2104.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Scope 1
Reference Documents 2
Terminology 3
Summary of Test Method 4
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.B0.02
onAutomotive Lubricants. Heavy Duty Engine Oils. The test engine sequences were originally developed in 1956 byASTM Committee D02. Subsequently, the procedures
were published in an ASTM Special Technical Publication.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005.Oct. 15, 2008. Published December 2005.November 2008. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in
20042005 as D6618–045.
2
ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. The TMC issues Information Letters that supplement this test method. This edition
incorporates revisions contained in all information letters through No. 05-1.07-1.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6618–08
Significance and Use 5
Apparatus 6
Test Engine 6.1
Engine Accessories 6.2-6.14
Engine Oil System 6.15
Cooling System 6.16
Fuel System 6.17
Intake Air System 6.18
Exhaust System 6.19
Blowby Meter 6.20
...
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