ASTM E1877-11

Standard Practice for Calculating Thermal Endurance of Materials from Thermogravimetric Decomposition Data

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Thermogravimetry provides a rapid method for the determination of the temperature-decomposition profile of a material.
This practice is useful for quality control, specification acceptance, and research.
This practice shall not be used for product lifetime predications unless a correlation between test results and actual lifetime has been demonstrated. In many cases, multiple mechanisms occur during the decomposition of a material, with one mechanism dominating over one temperature range, and a different mechanism dominating in a different temperature range. Users of this practice are cautioned to demonstrate for their system that any temperature extrapolations are technically sound.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers additional treatment of the Arrhenius activation energy data determined by Test Method E1641 to develop a thermal endurance curve and derive a relative thermal index for materials.
1.2 This practice is generally applicable to materials with a well-defined decomposition profile, namely a smooth, continuous mass change with a single maximum rate.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this practice.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2011
• ICS: 71.040.40 - Chemical analysis
• Technical Committee: E37 - Thermal Measurements
• Drafting Committee: E37.10 - Fundamental, Statistical and Mechanical Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E1877-00(2010) - Standard Practice for Calculating Thermal Endurance of Materials from Thermogravimetric Decomposition Data
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2011
• Replaced By: ASTM E1877-13 - Standard Practice for Calculating Thermal Endurance of Materials from Thermogravimetric Decomposition Data
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2013
• Referred By: ASTM E1641-23 - Standard Test Method for Decomposition Kinetics by Thermogravimetry Using the Ozawa/Flynn/Wall Method
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2011
• Referred By: ASTM E2958-21 - Standard Test Methods for Kinetic Parameters by Factor Jump/Modulated Thermogravimetry
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1877 − 11
StandardPractice for
Calculating Thermal Endurance of Materials from
1
Thermogravimetric Decomposition Data
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1877; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.3 relative thermal index (RTI), n—a measure of the
thermal endurance of a material when compared with that of a
1.1 This practice covers additional treatment of the Arrhe-
control with proven thermal endurance characteristics.
nius activation energy data determined by Test Method E1641
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The RTI is also considered to be the
to develop a thermal endurance curve and derive a relative
maximum temperature below which the material resists
thermal index for materials.
changes in its properties over a defined period of time. In the
1.2 This practice is generally applicable to materials with a
absence of comparison data for a control material, a time-to-
well-defined decomposition profile, namely a smooth, continu-
failure of 60 000 h has been arbitrarily selected for measuring
ous mass change with a single maximum rate.
RTI. The RTI is therefore, the failure temperature, T, obtained
f
from the thermal endurance curve.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard. 4. Summary of Practice
1.4 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this practice. 4.1 The Arrhenius activation energy obtained from Test
Method E1641 is used to construct the thermal endurance
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
curve of a material from which an estimate of lifetime at
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
certain temperatures may be obtained.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5. Significance and Use
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1 Thermogravimetry provides a rapid method for the
2. Referenced Documents
determination of the temperature-decomposition profile of a
2
material.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E1641 Test Method for Decomposition Kinetics by Thermo-
5.2 This practice is useful for quality control, specification
gravimetry
acceptance, and research.
5.3 This practice shall not be used for product lifetime
3. Terminology
predicationsunlessacorrelationbetweentestresultsandactual
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
lifetime has been demonstrated. In many cases, multiple
3.1.1 failure, n—change in some chemical, physical,
mechanisms occur during the decomposition of a material,
mechanical, electrical or other property of sufficient magnitude
with one mechanism dominating over one temperature range,
to make it unsuitable for a particular use.
and a different mechanism dominating in a different tempera-
ture range. Users of this practice are cautioned to demonstrate
3.1.2 failure temperature (T), n—thetemperatureatwhicha
f
for their system that any temperature extrapolations are tech-
material fails after a selected time.
nically sound.
6. Calculation
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of Committee E37 on Thermal Measure-
ments and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.10 on Fundamental,
6.1 The following values obtained by Test Method E1641
Statistical and Mechanical Properties.
are used to calculate thermal endurance, estimated thermal life
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2011. Published September 2011. Originally
and failure temperature.
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E1877 – 00 (2010).
DOI: 10.1520/E1877-11.
6.1.1 The following definitions apply to 6.1 and 6.3:
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.1.1.1 E = Arrhenius activation energy (J/mol),
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1.1.2 R = Universal gas constant (= 8.314 510 J/(mol K)),
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 6.1.1.3 β = Heating rate (K/min),
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1877 − 11
3
6.1.1.4 β' = Heating rate nearest the mid-point of the 6.2 Use Eq 1 or Eq 2 and trial values of T to plot the
f
experimental heating rates (K/min), logarithm of estimated thermal life (t) versus reciprocal of T
f f
as, by example, shown in Fig. 1.
6.1.1.5 a = Approximation integral taken from Table 1,
6.1.1.6 α = Constant conversion value,
logt 5 E/ 2.303RT 1log E
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E1877–00(Reapproved2010) Designation:E1877–11
Standard Practice for
Calculating Thermal Endurance of Materials from
1
Thermogravimetric Decomposition Data
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1877; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers additional treatment of the Arrhenius activation energy data determined by Test Method E1641to
develop a thermal endurance curve and derive a relative thermal index for materials.
1.2 This practice is generally applicable to materials with a well-defined decomposition profile, namely a smooth, continuous
mass change with a single maximum rate.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this practice.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E1641 Test Method for Decomposition Kinetics by Thermogravimetry
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 failure, n—change in some chemical, physical, mechanical, electrical or other property of sufficient magnitude to make
it unsuitable for a particular use.
3.1.2 failure temperature (T ), n—the temperature at which a material fails after a selected time.
f
3.1.3 relative thermal index (RTI), n—a measure of the thermal endurance of a material when compared with that of a control
with proven thermal endurance characteristics.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The RTI is also considered to be the maximum temperature below which the material resists changes in
its properties over a defined period of time. In the absence of comparison data for a control material, a time-to-failure of 60 000 h
has been arbitrarily selected for measuring RTI. The RTI is therefore, the failure temperature, T, obtained from the thermal
f
endurance curve.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 The Arrhenius activation energy obtained from Test Method E1641is used to construct the thermal endurance curve of a
material from which an estimate of lifetime at certain temperatures may be obtained.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Thermogravimetry provides a rapid method for the determination of the temperature-decomposition profile of a material.
5.2 This practice is useful for quality control, specification acceptance, and research.
5.3 This practice shall not be used for product lifetime predications unless a correlation between test results and actual lifetime
has been demonstrated. In many cases, multiple mechanisms occur during the decomposition of a material, with one mechanism
dominating over one temperature range, and a different mechanism dominating in a different temperature range. Users of this
practice are cautioned to demonstrate for their system that any temperature extrapolations are technically sound.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of Committee E37 on Thermal Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.10 on Fundamental, Statistical
and Mechanical Properties.
Current edition approved JulyAug. 1, 2010.2011. Published August 2010.September 2011. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
E1877 – 00 (20105). DOI: 10.1520/E1877-00R10.10.1520/E1877-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1877–11
6. Calculation
6.1 The following values obtained by Test Method E1641are used to calculate thermal endurance, estimated thermal life and
failure temperature.
6.1.1 The following definitions apply to 6.1 and 6.3:
6.1.1.1 E = Arrhenius activation energy (J/mol),
6.1.1.2 R = Universal gas constant (= 8.314 510 J/(mol K)),
6.1.1.3 b = Heating rate (K/min),
6.1.1.4 b8 = Heatin
...